ClipArt ETC
A normal rye plant.

Rye

A normal rye plant.

A weeder. A good weed killer, better than a smoothing-harrow on stony land.

Weeder

A weeder. A good weed killer, better than a smoothing-harrow on stony land.

An undesirable cultivator. Shovels are too large and the man is required to walk.

Cultivator

An undesirable cultivator. Shovels are too large and the man is required to walk.

A good riding cultivator.

Cultivator, riding

A good riding cultivator.

A planker, used for crushing clods of soil.

Planker

A planker, used for crushing clods of soil.

A spring-tooth harrow, particularly useful on stony land.

Spring-tooth harrow

A spring-tooth harrow, particularly useful on stony land.

A disc-harrow.

Disc harrow

A disc-harrow.

A closer view of a stalk of Kentucky blue-grass.

Kentucky blue-grass

A closer view of a stalk of Kentucky blue-grass.

White pines coming into a pasture. On this land trees pay better than the poor pasture.

Pasture with Trees

White pines coming into a pasture. On this land trees pay better than the poor pasture.

Trees in a pasture.

Trees in a pasture

Trees in a pasture.

A grove of black-locust trees. Contrast with the brush in the background on an adjoining farm.

Grove of black-locust trees

A grove of black-locust trees. Contrast with the brush in the background on an adjoining farm.

A Clydesdale horse, used for pulling heavy loads.

Draft Horse

A Clydesdale horse, used for pulling heavy loads.

A clean dairy barn, with cows feeding.

Dairy barn

A clean dairy barn, with cows feeding.

A sheep, the head of the herd.

Sheep

A sheep, the head of the herd.

A cross-section of a hen-house.

Cross-section of a hen-house

A cross-section of a hen-house.

Front view of a hen-house.

Front view of a hen-house

Front view of a hen-house.

An attractive farm home, with barn nearby.

Farmhouse

An attractive farm home, with barn nearby.

Scattered planting of trees pruned in artificial shapes in front of a farmhouse.

Side View of Farmhouse

Scattered planting of trees pruned in artificial shapes in front of a farmhouse.

A well-planted farmyard, with trees at the sides, flowers in the corners and about the house, and an open lawn.

Farmhouse

A well-planted farmyard, with trees at the sides, flowers in the corners and about the house, and an…

A dilapidated farmhouse made attractive by vines and flowers.

Dilapidated farmhouse

A dilapidated farmhouse made attractive by vines and flowers.

A city house in the country. A low house would be better suited to sitting alone on a hill.

City House

A city house in the country. A low house would be better suited to sitting alone on a hill.

Seal, with a shovel and hoe on it.

True-temper seal

Seal, with a shovel and hoe on it.

A man using a cultivator in a field.

Man using a cultivator

A man using a cultivator in a field.

A house set on the side of a lake.

Lakeside House

A house set on the side of a lake.

Two couples waiting at each other, one pair from the doorstep of a house, the other from an old convertable car.

Couples waving

Two couples waiting at each other, one pair from the doorstep of a house, the other from an old convertable…

Two figures play tennis across the road from a pair of sparsely distributed houses.

Rural residential area

Two figures play tennis across the road from a pair of sparsely distributed houses.

The European house-martin, which has an affinity for living in the vicinity of man.

European House Martin

The European house-martin, which has an affinity for living in the vicinity of man.

A pair of gray wagtails, found in Southern Europe.

Gray Wagtail

A pair of gray wagtails, found in Southern Europe.

The hooded-crow of Europe, with some farm buildings in the background.

Hooded Crow of Europe

The hooded-crow of Europe, with some farm buildings in the background.

"White House Landing, Pamunkey River, Va., the Grand Depot of the Commissariat and Ordinance Department of the army before Richmond. White House Landing, on the Pamunkey River, was the grand depot of General McClellan's army, and from it there was a constant communications with Fortress Monroe and Washington. It derived its name from the house in the centre of the sketch, the residence of Mrs. Custis before she became the wife of George Washington."— Frank Leslie, 1896

White House Landing

"White House Landing, Pamunkey River, Va., the Grand Depot of the Commissariat and Ordinance Department…

"The Marshall House, Alexandria, Va., where Colonel Ellsworth was assassinated by James W. Jackson, May 24th 1861."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Marshall House

"The Marshall House, Alexandria, Va., where Colonel Ellsworth was assassinated by James W. Jackson,…

"Paying out cable gear, from Chart House."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Chart House

"Paying out cable gear, from Chart House."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

"General Lee singing the Terms of Surrender at Appomattox court-house."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Terms of Surrender

"General Lee singing the Terms of Surrender at Appomattox court-house."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

"Sectional view of Monitor through Turet and Pilot-House."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Monitor

"Sectional view of Monitor through Turet and Pilot-House."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

The Pinzon Mansion, the family, Martin Alonzo Pinzon and Vincent Yanez Pinzon commanded the <em>Pinta</em> and the <em>Mina</em>.

Pinzon Mansion

The Pinzon Mansion, the family, Martin Alonzo Pinzon and Vincent Yanez Pinzon commanded the Pinta…

This view is taken from near the house of Mr. Neilson, looking northwest. In the foreground, on the right, are seen the remains of the intrenchments which here crossed the road from Fort Neilson, the fortified long barn. The light field in the distance, toward the right of the picture, with a small house within it, is the ld clearing called 'Freeman's Farm.'

Battle-ground

This view is taken from near the house of Mr. Neilson, looking northwest. In the foreground, on the…

House in which General Fraser died.

Fraser House

House in which General Fraser died.

Fraser's burial-place. The hill on which the 'great redoubt' was erected, and where General Fraser was buried, is about one hundred feet high, and almost directly west from the house wherein he died. The relative situation of this eminence to the Hudson will be best understood by looking at the view of Burgoyne's encampment. The grave is within the inclosure on the summit of the hill.

Fraser Burial

Fraser's burial-place. The hill on which the 'great redoubt' was erected, and where General Fraser was…

General Schuyler's mansion.

Schuyler's Mansion

General Schuyler's mansion.

The Reidesel house, Saratoga.

Reidesel House

The Reidesel house, Saratoga.

Cellar of the Reidesel house.

Reidesel Cellar

Cellar of the Reidesel house.

Site of Fort Anne. This view is from the bridge which crosses Wood Creek, looking south. The distant building on the right is the dwelling of Mr. Moore. Nearer is his store-house, and on the left are his out-houses. The fence, and so on to the barns and in their yards.

Fort Anne

Site of Fort Anne. This view is from the bridge which crosses Wood Creek, looking south. The distant…

Military establishment at St. John's. This view is taken from the eastern side of the river, near the remains of a block-house erected by Montgomery when he besieged the fort in 1775. On the right is seen the fort, which incloses the magazine; in the center is the building occupied by the officers, on either side of which are the barracks of the soldiers. The large building on the left is the hospital, and the smaller one still further left is the dead-house. The river here is about a quarter of a mile wide. The present military works are upon the site of those of the Revolution.

St. John's

Military establishment at St. John's. This view is taken from the eastern side of the river, near the…

Palace Gate, outside. This is one of the most beautiful gates of the city, and opens toward the St. Charles, on the northern side of the town. A strong guard-house is seen at the left, pierced for muskets to defend the entrance. Immediately adjoining this gate are the artillery barracks. The gate is at the northern extremity of Palace Street, one of the broadest in the city, and "so named," says Hawkins, "from the circumstances that it led out to the Intendant's house, or palace, which stood on the beach of the St. Charles, where the queen's wool-yard now is."

Palace Gate

Palace Gate, outside. This is one of the most beautiful gates of the city, and opens toward the St.…

Palace Gate, inside. This sketch is a view from within Palace Street, looking out upon the open country beyond the St. Charles. The river, with a few masts, is seen just over the top of the gate. Adjoining the gate, on the right, is seen a portion of the guard-house.

Palace Gate

Palace Gate, inside. This sketch is a view from within Palace Street, looking out upon the open country…

A group of birds of the order <em>Rasores</em>, settled around a farmyard scene.

Rasores

A group of birds of the order Rasores, settled around a farmyard scene.

The roof of a house.

House Roof

The roof of a house.

Wind-mill Point. This view was sketched from the steam-boat, when a little below the wind-mill, looking west-north-west. The mill is a strong stone structure, and answered a very good purpose for a fort or block-house. Its narrow windows were used by the patriots as loop-holes for their muskets during the action.

Wind-Mill Point

Wind-mill Point. This view was sketched from the steam-boat, when a little below the wind-mill, looking…

View of Oswego Harbor, 1848. This view is from the top of the United States Hotel, looking east-northeast. It was hastily sketched during the approach of a thunder-storm, and the "huge herald drops" came down just as I traced the distant water-line of the lake. The objects by the figure in the foreground are the balustrade and chimney of the hotel, now (1848) a summer boarding-house for strangers. The first height beyond the water on the right is the point on which stands Fort Oswego. The land in the far distance, on the same side, is Four-mile point, behind which Montcalm landed his forces. On the left is seen the light-house upon one of the stone piers, and beyond it spread out the waters of Lake Ontario.

Oswego Harbor

View of Oswego Harbor, 1848. This view is from the top of the United States Hotel, looking east-northeast.…

Distant view of Fort Niagra. This view is from the west side of the Niagra River, near the light-house. The fort is on the east side (right side of the picture), at the mouth of the river. The steam-boat seen in the distance is out on Lake Ontario.

Fort Niagra

Distant view of Fort Niagra. This view is from the west side of the Niagra River, near the light-house.…

Caughnawaga church. This old church, now (1848) known as the <em>Fonda Academy</em>, under the management of Rev. Douw Van Olinda, is about half a mile east of the court-house, in the village of Fonda. It is a stone edifice, and was erected in 1763 by voluntary contributions. Sir William Johnson contributed liberally. Its first pastor was Thomas Romayne, who was succeeded in 1795 by Abraham Van Horn, one of the earliest graduates of King's (now Columbia) College, in the city of New York. He was from Kingston, Ulster county, and remained its pastor until 1840. During his ministry he united in marriage 1500 couples. The church was without a bell until the confiscated property of Sir John Johnson was sold in the Revolution, when the <em>dinner-bell</em> of his father was purchased and hung in the steeple. The bell weighs a little more than one hundred pounds, and bears the following inscription: "S. R. William Johnson, baronet, 1774. Made by Miller and Ross, in Eliz. Town."

Caughnawaga Church

Caughnawaga church. This old church, now (1848) known as the Fonda Academy, under the management…

Fort Plain block-house. There is considerable confusion in the accounts concerning Fort Plain, for which there is no necessity. There was a stockade about two miles southwest of Fort Plain, called Fort Clyde, in honor of Colonel Clyde, an officer in the Tryon county militia; and another about the same distance northwest, called Fort Plank, or Blank, from the circumstance that it stood upon land owned by Frederic Blank. The latter and Fort Plain have been confounded. Mr. Stone erroneously considered them as one, and says, in his <em>Life of Brant</em> (ii., 95), "The principal work of defense, then called Fort Plank, and subsequently Fort Plain, was situated upon an elevated plain overlooking the valley, near the site of the village still retaining the name of the fortress." Other writers have regarded the block-house as the fort, when, in fact, it was only a part of the fotifications. The drawing here given is from one published in Stone's Life of Brant, with a description from the Fort Plain Journal of December 26th, 1837. Mr. Lipe considered it a correct view, except the lower story, which, it was his impression, was square instead of octagonal, and had four port-holes for heavy ordinance.

Fort Plain

Fort Plain block-house. There is considerable confusion in the accounts concerning Fort Plain, for which…

Old Parsonage and Church. This view is from the high plain on the right of the block-house, looking north. The building upon the hill across the ravine is the old parsonage, which was immediately built upon the ruins of the one that was burned. On the left I have placed a church in its proper relative position to the parsonage, as indicated by Mr. Lipe. It was about half a mile northwest of the fort. On the right are seen the Mohawk River and Plain, a train of cars in the distance, and the hills that bound the view on the north side of the Mohawk Valley, in the direction of Stone Arabia and Klock's Field, where two battles were fought in 1780. These will be hereafter noticed.

Old Parsonage and Church

Old Parsonage and Church. This view is from the high plain on the right of the block-house, looking…

The Butler House. John Butler was one of the leading Tories of Tyron county during the whole war of the Revolution.

Butler House

The Butler House. John Butler was one of the leading Tories of Tyron county during the whole war of…

Schuyler's Mansion. This view is from Schuyler Street. The edifice is of brick, having a closed octagonal porch or vestibule in front. It was built by Mrs. Schuyler while her husband was in England in 1760-1. The old family mansion, large and highly ornamented, in the Dutch style, stood nearly upon the site of the present City Hall, between State and Washington Streets. It was taken down in 1800.

Schuyler's Mansion

Schuyler's Mansion. This view is from Schuyler Street. The edifice is of brick, having a closed octagonal…

Washington's head-quarters at Morristown. This view is from the forks of the road, directly in front of the mansion. The house is of brick, covered with planks, and painted white. The rooms are large and well finished, and it was a fine mansion for the times.

Morristown

Washington's head-quarters at Morristown. This view is from the forks of the road, directly in front…

Mrs. Mathews' house. This sketch was made from the left bank of the Rahway, at the site of the old bridge. This is now the rear of the house, but, at the time of the battle, the road was upon this side of it, which formed the front. Remains of the abutments of the old bridge, where the British crossed, may still be seen.

Mrs. Mathews' house

Mrs. Mathews' house. This sketch was made from the left bank of the Rahway, at the site of the old bridge.…

Liberty Hall. Some time after the death of Governor Livingston this property was purchased by Lord Blingbroke, who, under the assumed name of John Belesis, ran away from England with a daughter of Baron Hompasch, a German general. She was at a boarding school there, and Bolingbroke had a wife living. He married the girl here. She died in England in 1848. The grandmother of the present proprietor, Susan, the daughter of Peter Van Burgh Livingston, bought the farm of Lord Bolingbroke, and it has been in possession of the family ever since. Her first husband was John Kean, a member of Congress from South Carolina from 1785 to 1787, and was first cashier of the first United States Bank, chartered by an act of Congress passed February 8th, 1791. Her second husband was Count Niemcewicz, a Polish nobleman.

Liberty Hall

Liberty Hall. Some time after the death of Governor Livingston this property was purchased by Lord Blingbroke,…

Steuben's head-quarters. This view is from the field in front of the house, looking north. The dwelling is at the end of a lane several rods from the main road leading to Middlebrook from New Brunswick. It is on the western side of the Raritan, and about a mile from the bridge near Middlebrook. Only the center building was in existence at the time in question, and that seems to have been enlarged. Each wing has since been added. The interior of the old part is kept in the same condition as it was when Steuben occupied it, being, like most of the better dwellings of that time, neatly wainscoted with pine, wrought into moldings and panels.

Steuben's Head-Quarters

Steuben's head-quarters. This view is from the field in front of the house, looking north. The dwelling…

The Treaty Table. The table on which the capitulation was drawn up and signed was still in possession of a daughter of Mr. Bennet (Mrs. Myers) when I visited her in September, 1848. I shall have occasion to mention this venerable woman presently. The table is of black walnut, small, and of oval form, and was a pretty piece of furniture when new. It is preserved with much care by the family. The house of Mr. Bennet was near Forty Fort, and himself and family, with their most valuable effects, were within the stockade when it surrendered.

Treaty Table

The Treaty Table. The table on which the capitulation was drawn up and signed was still in possession…