Leaf-sheaths scattered along stem; flowers in several groups.

Fuirena

Leaf-sheaths scattered along stem; flowers in several groups.

Flowers or fruits individually manifest; parts in threes.

Juncus

Flowers or fruits individually manifest; parts in threes.

Flowers violet, over 3cm scross; leaves equitant at base; that is coming in two ranks, making the base of the plant appear flattened.

Nemastylis

Flowers violet, over 3cm scross; leaves equitant at base; that is coming in two ranks, making the base…

Flowers inconspicuous and hidden by overlapping scales.

Cyperus

Flowers inconspicuous and hidden by overlapping scales.

Leaves large (1cm wide or wider); flowers very showy.

Iris

Leaves large (1cm wide or wider); flowers very showy.

Leaves smaller, rigid; small yellow flowers gathered in dense heads at top of naked stalk, each subtended by a scale-like bract.

Xyris

Leaves smaller, rigid; small yellow flowers gathered in dense heads at top of naked stalk, each subtended…

Leave from base of scrape bearing button like whitish heads of minute flowers; roots with cross-constrctions.

Eriocaulon

Leave from base of scrape bearing button like whitish heads of minute flowers; roots with cross-constrctions.

Leaves from base of scape bearing evident white flowers in racemes; roots without crss-constrictions.

Sagittaria

Leaves from base of scape bearing evident white flowers in racemes; roots without crss-constrictions.

Flowers with filaments connected by a funnel-like membrane.

Hymenocallis

Flowers with filaments connected by a funnel-like membrane.

Flowers with free filaments.

Crinum

Flowers with free filaments.

Flowers few, showy, pinkish purple.

Coreopsis

Flowers few, showy, pinkish purple.

flowers white in dense button-like heads; leaves bristly-margined.

Eryngium

flowers white in dense button-like heads; leaves bristly-margined.

Flowers yellow, not in button-like heads nor with bristly-margined leaves.

Polygala

Flowers yellow, not in button-like heads nor with bristly-margined leaves.

Flowers yellow.

Rorippa

Flowers yellow.

Flowers white.

Nasturtium

Flowers white.

Stems 4-angled; flowers small, in dense clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Lycopus

Stems 4-angled; flowers small, in dense clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Stems round, or nearly so, in cross-section; flowers showy, yellow.

Bidens

Stems round, or nearly so, in cross-section; flowers showy, yellow.

Leaves usually with sharp lobes; flowers individually inconspicuous, on a fleshy axis snclosed in a leaf-like sheath.

Peltandra

Leaves usually with sharp lobes; flowers individually inconspicuous, on a fleshy axis snclosed in a…

Plant small, less than 4dm tall; flowers yellow.

Caltha

Plant small, less than 4dm tall; flowers yellow.

Plant large, over 5dm tall; flowers large, white, pink, or purplish.

Hibiscus

Plant large, over 5dm tall; flowers large, white, pink, or purplish.

Leaves mostly basal, heart shaped; flowers purple.

Pontederia

Leaves mostly basal, heart shaped; flowers purple.

Sheaths around stem above each point of leaf-attachment; flowers white to red, not fragrant.

Polygonum

Sheaths around stem above each point of leaf-attachment; flowers white to red, not fragrant.

Stems with no sheaths; flowers white, fragrant.

Saururus

Stems with no sheaths; flowers white, fragrant.

Leaves large, 2 dm or more in diameter, impossible to wet; flowers solitary, showy, yellow.

Nelumbo

Leaves large, 2 dm or more in diameter, impossible to wet; flowers solitary, showy, yellow.

Plants smaller; not wite-powdery above; leaves shed water easily; flowers along fleshy spike enclosed in a leafy sheath.

Orontium

Plants smaller; not wite-powdery above; leaves shed water easily; flowers along fleshy spike enclosed…

Flowers many; leaves large, over 10cm long.

Pontederia

Flowers many; leaves large, over 10cm long.

Flowers solitary; leaves small, less than 5 cm long.

Heteranthera

Flowers solitary; leaves small, less than 5 cm long.

Leaf, when examined against light with lens, showing semitransparent dots; flowers yellow or pink.

Hypericum

Leaf, when examined against light with lens, showing semitransparent dots; flowers yellow or pink.

Flowers not showy, in axils of leaves, mostly purple.

Ammannia

Flowers not showy, in axils of leaves, mostly purple.

Leaves covered with tiny black dots visible with lens; flowers small, white.

Gratiola

Leaves covered with tiny black dots visible with lens; flowers small, white.

Flowers irregular, purplish.

Justicia

Flowers irregular, purplish.

Stems woody at least at base, arching; flowers purple-pink, in auxiliary clusters.

Decodon

Stems woody at least at base, arching; flowers purple-pink, in auxiliary clusters.

Flowers purple; plant usually corky at base.

Lythrum

Flowers purple; plant usually corky at base.

Flowers white, or, if pink, with a yellow or green eye in the center.

Sabatia

Flowers white, or, if pink, with a yellow or green eye in the center.

Flowers in terminal clusters.

Cynoctonum

Flowers in terminal clusters.

Flowers with small appendages between the sepals.

Rotala

Flowers with small appendages between the sepals.

Flowers without small appendages between the sepals.

Didiplis

Flowers without small appendages between the sepals.

Flowers small, white, gathered in dense, sessile clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Lycopus

Flowers small, white, gathered in dense, sessile clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Leaves long petioled; flowers inconspicuous.

Boehmeria

Leaves long petioled; flowers inconspicuous.

Leaves sessile or very short petioled; flowers showy.

Rhexia

Leaves sessile or very short petioled; flowers showy.

Leaves long petioled; flowers minute, in sessile clusters on branch.

Boehmeria

Leaves long petioled; flowers minute, in sessile clusters on branch.

Flowers white or purplish.

Eupatorium

Flowers white or purplish.

Leaves large, mostly over 6 cm wide; flowers yellow, very large.

Canna

Leaves large, mostly over 6 cm wide; flowers yellow, very large.

Leaves smaller; flowers individually small, in terminal spike-like clusters.

Habenaria

Leaves smaller; flowers individually small, in terminal spike-like clusters.

Plant with broad leaves, many basal; flowers stalked and drooping.

Rumex

Plant with broad leaves, many basal; flowers stalked and drooping.

Plant with narrower leaves, none basal; flowers sessile, in terminal spikes.

Polygonum

Plant with narrower leaves, none basal; flowers sessile, in terminal spikes.

flowers in terminal clusters which may be compound.

Polygala

flowers in terminal clusters which may be compound.

flowers solitary or a few in hte axils of the leaves.

Hygrophila

flowers solitary or a few in hte axils of the leaves.

Large leaves, over 5 cm broad; flowers large, over 5cm across.

Hibiscus

Large leaves, over 5 cm broad; flowers large, over 5cm across.

Flowers conspicuous, white, 4-petaled.

Neobeckia

Flowers conspicuous, white, 4-petaled.

Flowers greenish, 5-petaled.

Penthorum

Flowers greenish, 5-petaled.

Flowers sessile, in the axils of the leaves; fruit a single 3-angled nutlet.

Proserpinaca

Flowers sessile, in the axils of the leaves; fruit a single 3-angled nutlet.

Flowers stalked; fruit a group of several, scarcely angled, small nutlets.

Ranunculus

Flowers stalked; fruit a group of several, scarcely angled, small nutlets.

"Wild Goat (capra agagrus)-the wild sotck of most if not all of the breeds of the domestic goat."-Whitney, 1902

Wild Goat

"Wild Goat (capra agagrus)-the wild sotck of most if not all of the breeds of the domestic goat."-Whitney,…

"A western emigrant train. The occupation of the west. With every year the line of settlements was pushed farther westward. Along the great highways, and by trails across the prairies, one might see long emigrant trains. Covered wagons contained the family goods and carried the women and children; the men marched behind or rode on horseback; they drove the sheep and cattle which they were taking to the new homes. These emigrants often formed large parties for better protection against Indians and wild beasts. They camped at night by streams of water when they could. They built their camp fires and kept guard all night, for they could hear the howling of wolves and sometimes see Indians stealing toward them. As they moved on, they would meet men and wagons coming from the opposite direction. Already the great West was sending back produce and droves of cattle and pigs to the Eastern markets."—Scudder, 1897

Western Train

"A western emigrant train. The occupation of the west. With every year the line of settlements was pushed…

"Of genus Amaryllis- A genus of bulbous plants, natural order amaryllidacæ, with large, bright colored, lily-shaped flowers upon a stout scape."-Whitney, 1902

Belladonna Lily

"Of genus Amaryllis- A genus of bulbous plants, natural order amaryllidacæ, with large, bright…

"Ament-A kind of inflorescence consisting of unisexual apetalous flowers growing in the axils of scales or bracts ranged along a talk or axis."-Whitney, 1902

Willow

"Ament-A kind of inflorescence consisting of unisexual apetalous flowers growing in the axils of scales…

"Ament-A kind of inflorescence consisting of unisexual apetalous flowers growing in the axils of scales or bracts ranged along a talk or axis."-Whitney, 1902

Mudfish

"Ament-A kind of inflorescence consisting of unisexual apetalous flowers growing in the axils of scales…

"Aoudad (Ammotragus tragelaphus.)"-Whitney, 1902

Aoudad

"Aoudad (Ammotragus tragelaphus.)"-Whitney, 1902

"Cuckoo-pint, or Wake-robin (Arum maculatum). a, spadix; b, stamens or male flowers; c, ovaries; d, spathe;"-Whitney, 1902

Araceæ

"Cuckoo-pint, or Wake-robin (Arum maculatum). a, spadix; b, stamens or male flowers; c, ovaries; d,…