ClipArt ETC
Woman using pulleys.

Exercise

Woman using pulleys.

Woman using pulleys.

Exercise

Woman using pulleys.

Woman using pulleys.

Exercise

Woman using pulleys.

A man using a pulley to lift a heavy barrel.

Pulley

A man using a pulley to lift a heavy barrel.

"A Block is a pulley or a system of pulleys rotating on a pintle mounted in its frame or shell with its band and strap. There are many kinds of blocks, as a pulley block, a fiddle block, a fish block, a fly block, a heart block, a hook block, etc. A block and tackle is the block and the rope rove through it, for hoisting or obtaining a purchase."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Block and Tackle

"A Block is a pulley or a system of pulleys rotating on a pintle mounted in its frame or shell with…

"A Crane is a machine for lifting weights, worked either by hand or by steam, or by hydraulic power. The most common hand form consisting of an upright revolving post and projecting arm, the jib with a fixed pulley at its extremity. The lifting chain or rope is secured to the weight, passes over the fixed pulley, and then round a drum or cylinder; suitable toothed-wheel gearing worked by a handle revolves this drum, and thus winds up or unwinds the rope or chain, and so raises or lowers the weight."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Steam Crane

"A Crane is a machine for lifting weights, worked either by hand or by steam, or by hydraulic power.…

"<em>A</em>, attachment of tendon connected with the four recti muscles; <em>B</em>, external rectus, divided and turned downward, to expose the internal rectus; <em>C</em>, inferior rectus; <em>D</em>, internal rectus; <em>E</em>, superior rectus; <em>F</em>, superior oblique; <em>H</em>, pulley and reflected portion of the superior oblique; <em>K</em>, inferior oblique; <em>L</em> and <em>M</em>, portions of the muscle which raises the upper eyelid; to the right of <em>D</em> and to the left on the same line are seen cut ends of the optic nerve." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Muscles of the eyeball

"A, attachment of tendon connected with the four recti muscles; B, external rectus,…

A wheel for transmitting power from, or imparting it to the different parts of machinery, or for changing the direction of motion by means of a belt, cord, or rope.

Pulley

A wheel for transmitting power from, or imparting it to the different parts of machinery, or for changing…

"A force pushing a weight from C to D, only raises it through the perpendicular height, E D, by acting along the whole length of the plane, C D; and if the plane be twice as it is high, one pound at B, acting over the pulley, D, would balance two pounds at A, or any where on the plane; and so of all other quantities and proportions." — Goodrich, 1844

Inclined Plane

"A force pushing a weight from C to D, only raises it through the perpendicular height, E D, by acting…

"A pulley is a grooved wheel, around which a rope is passed, and is either fixed or moveable." &mdash; Goodrich, 1844

Pulley

"A pulley is a grooved wheel, around which a rope is passed, and is either fixed or moveable." —…

"Many wheels may be combined together, and in many ways, to form compound pulleys. Whenever there is but one rope running through the whole, as shown here, the relation of power and resistance is known by the number of folds, or turns, of the rope which supports the weight." — Goodrich, 1844

Compound Pulley

"Many wheels may be combined together, and in many ways, to form compound pulleys. Whenever there is…

Three cylindrical weights, suspended on ropes and pulleys.

Weights and Pulleys

Three cylindrical weights, suspended on ropes and pulleys.

"The Atwood machine consists of a wheel or pulley, R, over the grooved edge of which are balanced two equal weights suspended by a long silk thread which is both light and strong. The axle of this wheel is preferably supported upon the circumfrences of four friction wheels, r, r, r', r', for greater delicacy of motion. As the thread is so light that its weight may be disregarded, it is evident that the weights will be in equilibrium whatever their position." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Atwood Machine

"The Atwood machine consists of a wheel or pulley, R, over the grooved edge of which are balanced two…

"A pulley is a wheel having a grooved rim for carrying a rope or other line, and tuning on an axis carried in a frame, called a pulley block. The pulley is fixed if the block is stationary." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Fixed Pulley

"A pulley is a wheel having a grooved rim for carrying a rope or other line, and tuning on an axis carried…

"A pulley is a wheel having a grooved rim for carrying a rope or other line, and turning on an axis carried in a frame, called a pulley block. The pulley is movable if the block moves during the action of the power." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Movable pulley

"A pulley is a wheel having a grooved rim for carrying a rope or other line, and turning on an axis…

"The pulley is a lever with equal arms of the first or second class, but, when it moves. the attachments of the forces are moved. The underlying fact that enables the pulley to afford any mechanical advantage is the uniformity of the tension of the cord in all of its parts, the pulley itself serving only to diminish the friction." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Pulley

"The pulley is a lever with equal arms of the first or second class, but, when it moves. the attachments…

"Combinations of pulleys are made in great variety. In the forms most commonly used, one continuous cord passes around all the pulleys. Frequently two or more sheaves are mounted in the same block and turn on the same axis, as in the common block and tackle." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Block and tackle

"Combinations of pulleys are made in great variety. In the forms most commonly used, one continuous…

"In the differential pulley, an endless chain is reeved upon a solid wheel that has two grooved rims and is carried in a fixed block above, and upon a pulley below." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Differential Pulley

"In the differential pulley, an endless chain is reeved upon a solid wheel that has two grooved rims…

"A shaft runs through the machine from end to end, carrying a pulley, P, at one end, a commutator, c, at the other end, and a wheel armature, R, at the middle. The armature carries eight or more helices of insulated wire, H H, connected in pairs. As the shaft is turned by the action of the belt upon the pulley, the armature and the commutator are turned with it." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Brush dynamo

"A shaft runs through the machine from end to end, carrying a pulley, P, at one end, a commutator, c,…

"A block used in ships, having an opening in one side to receive the bight of a rope, chiefly used for heavy purchases, where a warp or hawser is brought to the capstan." &mdash; Williams, 1889

Snatch-block

"A block used in ships, having an opening in one side to receive the bight of a rope, chiefly used for…

There is an English type of extension ladder which has a windlass in the bottom section to raise the upper sections by winding the crank, instead of pushing the upper sections up by hand as is commonly done with ordinary extension ladders. A rope is tied to the upper section of ladder at the bottom. Then the rope is passed through a pulley or block at the top of the lower ladder section. Turning the windlass handle winds the rope up and raises the upper ladder easily.

Windlass Extension Ladders

There is an English type of extension ladder which has a windlass in the bottom section to raise the…

This shows the old fashioned rope stirrup rigging. The scaffold as a whole consists of a platform twenty inches wide and from ten to twenty feet long. (This platform is an especially strong ladder with planks secured to the rungs.) Cross bars, the timbers under the platform constitute the lower part of the stirrups. They have roller wheels in the ends which are in contact with the building. Then there are the rope stirrups which fasten the cross bars to the lower block as shown in the picture. The falls (pulley blocks and ropes) and the cornice hooks complete the scaffold.

Swing Stage Scaffold

This shows the old fashioned rope stirrup rigging. The scaffold as a whole consists of a platform twenty…

One of the six simple machines or mechanical powers. It consists of a grooved wheel mounted in a block, and is used to increase power and transmit it, by means of a rope or flexible cord, in a changed direction.

Pulley

One of the six simple machines or mechanical powers. It consists of a grooved wheel mounted in a block,…

"A fixed pulley is one whose block is not movable. In this case, if the weight W be lifted by pulling down P, the other end of the cord W will evidently move the same distance upwards that P moves downwards; hence, P must equal W." &mdash; Hallock, 1905

Fixed Pulley

"A fixed pulley is one whose block is not movable. In this case, if the weight W be lifted by pulling…

"A movable pulley is one whos block is movable. One end of the cord is fastened to the beam, and the weight is sspended from the pulley, the other end of the cord being drawn by the application of a force P. A little consideration will show that if P moves through a certain distance, say 1 foot, W will move through half that distance, or 6 inches; hence, a pull of 1 pound at P will life 2 pounds at W." &mdash; Hallock, 1905

Movable Pulley

"A movable pulley is one whos block is movable. One end of the cord is fastened to the beam, and the…

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

Pulley System

A system of pulleys used to lift an object.

A pulley with a convex rim, much used where various cases belts are in danger of slipping off.

Crown Pulley

A pulley with a convex rim, much used where various cases belts are in danger of slipping off.

A pulley with a sheave having its perimeter a rectangular or nearly rectangular groove. Used for transmitting power by ropes or bands.

Flat Rope Pulley

A pulley with a sheave having its perimeter a rectangular or nearly rectangular groove. Used for transmitting…

"A centrifugal pump differing from an ordinary centrifugal pumps in one feature only. The water rises through a suction pipe S, which divides so as to enter the pump wheel at the center on each side. The pump disk or wheel is very similar to a turbine wheel. it is keyed on a shaft driven by a belt on a fast and loose pulley arrangement at P. The water rotating in the pump disk presses outwards, and if the speed is sufficient a continuous flow is maintained through the pump and into the discharge pipe D. The special feature in this pump is that the water, discharged by the pump disk with a whirling velocity of not inconsiderable magnitude, is allowed to continue rotation in a chamber somewhat larger than the pump. The use of this whirlpool chamber was first suggested by Professor James Thomson." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Centrifugal Pump

"A centrifugal pump differing from an ordinary centrifugal pumps in one feature only. The water rises…

"In the ordinary pattern of a lapidary's bench the handle turns in a horizontal plane, where W is the driving-wheel turned by the handle A, and working the pulley P by means of a strap. The pulley is fixed on a vertical spindle, which carries M the disk for slitting or the leaden lap for roughing or polishing. The upper end of this spindle is conical, and rotates in a socket drilled in a horizontal arm of iron which projects from a vertical wooden rod D. A block of wood C fits on to the end of an iron support termed the gim-peg or germ-peg. This support is used to steady the operator's arm when grinding the edges of small stones, and the wooden block, which is fixed by a wedge, is employed for cutting facets at any desired angle, the stone being cemented to the end of a stik S, which is fixed at the requisite angle in one of the holes or notches made in the sides of the socket C." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Lapidary's Mill

"In the ordinary pattern of a lapidary's bench the handle turns in a horizontal plane, where W is the…

"Part of Lapidary's Mill. A, upper summer (cut through); B, lower summer (cut through); C, spindle; D, pulley; E, lap; F, table (cut through); g, g, wooden blocks, adjusted by means of wedges." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Lapidary's Mill

"Part of Lapidary's Mill. A, upper summer (cut through); B, lower summer (cut through); C, spindle;…

"The whole length of the tube of the wheel barometer, from C to A, is 34 or 35 inches, and it is filled with mercury, as usual. The mercury rises in the short leg to the point a, where there is a small piece of glass floating on its surface, to which there is attached a silk string, passing over the pulley p. To the axis of the pulley is fixed an index, or hand, and behind this is a graduated circle, as seen in the figure. It is obvious, that a very slight variation in the height of the mercury at o, will be indicated by a considerable motion of the index, and thus changes in the weight of the atmosphere, hardly perceptible by the common barometer, will become quite apparent by this." &mdash;Comstock, 1850

Wheel Barometer

"The whole length of the tube of the wheel barometer, from C to A, is 34 or 35 inches, and it is filled…

"The following description of a section of Lord Rosse's telescope, though not so perfect as could be desired, is the best we could obtain. it exhibits a view of the inside of the eastern wall, with the tube, and machinery by which it is moved. A is the mason-work on the ground; B the universal joint, which allows the tube to turn in all directions; C the speculum in the tube; E the eye-piece through which the observer looks; F a pulley by which the tube is moved; H a chain attached to the pulley, and to the side of the tube; I, a chain running to K, the counterpoise; L, a lever connecting the chain M with the tube; Z another chain which passes from the upper part of the tube over a pulley at W, (not seen) and crosses to the opposite wall; X a railroad on which the speculum is drawn either to or from the tube. The dotted line H, shows the course of the weight R, as the tube rises or falls. The tube is moved from wall to wall by a ratchet wheel at R, which is turned by the lever O, on the circle N, the ends of which are fixed in the two walls." &mdash;Comstock, 1850

Telescope

"The following description of a section of Lord Rosse's telescope, though not so perfect as could be…

A flat or slightly crown faced pulley.

Band Pulley

A flat or slightly crown faced pulley.

Pair of circular pulleys connected b a cord, showing the range of motion as arcs

Pulley

Pair of circular pulleys connected b a cord, showing the range of motion as arcs

Two arrangements of pulley: crossed belt and uncrossed belt. The pulleys are constructed with two circles that have the radii labeled and tangent lines drawn (strings).

Pulley

Two arrangements of pulley: crossed belt and uncrossed belt. The pulleys are constructed with two circles…

"The second kind of lever is represented where W is the weight, L the lever, F the fulcrum, and P a pulley, over which a string is thrown, and a weight suspeneded, as the power." -Comstock 1850

Second-class Lever

"The second kind of lever is represented where W is the weight, L the lever, F the fulcrum, and P a…

"To change the direction, it is only necessary that the rope by which the weight is to be raised, should be carried in a line perpendicular to the axis of the machine, sto the place below where the weight lies, and there be let fall over a pulley." -Comstock 1850

Wheel and Axle

"To change the direction, it is only necessary that the rope by which the weight is to be raised, should…

"...represents a simple pulley, with a single fixed wheel. In other forms of the machine, the wheel moves up and down with the weight." -Comstock 1850

Simple Pulley

"...represents a simple pulley, with a single fixed wheel. In other forms of the machine, the wheel…

"Two fixed pulleys used to raise W." -Comstock 1850

Simple Pulley

"Two fixed pulleys used to raise W." -Comstock 1850

"In the single moveable pulley, the same rope passes from the fixed point, A, to the power, P. It is evident here, that the weight, W, ten pounds, five pounds will be supported by one string, and five by the other. The power will then support twice its own weight." -Comstock 1850

Single Movable Pulley

"In the single moveable pulley, the same rope passes from the fixed point, A, to the power, P. It is…

"If the number of ropes be increased, the weight may be increased with the same power; or the power may be diminished in proportion as the number of ropes is incrased." -Comstock 1850

Compound Pulley

"If the number of ropes be increased, the weight may be increased with the same power; or the power…

"...there is a system of pulleys represented, in which the weight is sixteen times the power." -Comstock 1850

Compound Pulley

"...there is a system of pulleys represented, in which the weight is sixteen times the power." -Comstock…

"In order that the successive wheels should revolve in the same time, and their circumfrences should be just equal to the length of rope passing between them...By this construction, although the length of rope passing over each was different, yet their revolutions are equal, both with respect to time and number." -Comstock 1850

White's Pulley

"In order that the successive wheels should revolve in the same time, and their circumfrences should…

"...represents a very valuable attachment for the whirling table. A ball of known mass slides on a horizonal wire. To this ball is attached a flexible cord that turns around a pulley at the bottom, divides into two, passes over the pulleys at the top, and carries adjustable and slotted disk weights." -Avery 1895

Attachment for the Whirling Table

"...represents a very valuable attachment for the whirling table. A ball of known mass slides on a horizonal…

"Pulleys designed to allow the weight to be pulled up while the power is applied downwards." -Avery 1895

Pulleys

"Pulleys designed to allow the weight to be pulled up while the power is applied downwards." -Avery…

"Compound pulleys using one fixed and two moveable pulleys to pull a weight up by applying a downward force." -Avery 1895

Compound Pulley

"Compound pulleys using one fixed and two moveable pulleys to pull a weight up by applying a downward…

"Compound pulley designed to use very little power to lift heavy weights." -Avery 1895

Compound Pulley

"Compound pulley designed to use very little power to lift heavy weights." -Avery 1895

"A horse without machinery can not lift a weight; but he does it readily with the aid of the simple apparatus shown [here].." &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Pulley System

"A horse without machinery can not lift a weight; but he does it readily with the aid of the simple…

"[The pulley] consists of a wheel with a grooved circumference, over which a rope passes, and an axis or pin, round which the wheel may be made to turn. A represents the block, B the axis, C the wheel." &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Pulley

"[The pulley] consists of a wheel with a grooved circumference, over which a rope passes, and an axis…

"[This illustration] represents a fixed pulley. The block is attached to a projecting beam. P is the power, and W the weight. For every inch that P descends, W ascends the same distance." &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Fixed Pulley

"[This illustration] represents a fixed pulley. The block is attached to a projecting beam. P is the…

"[This illustration] represents a moveable pulley. A is the wheel. One end of the rope is fastened to a support at D, while the power is applied to the other at P." &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Moveable Pulley

"[This illustration] represents a moveable pulley. A is the wheel. One end of the rope is fastened to…

"A moveable pulley is seldom used alone. It is generally combined with a fixed pulley, as shown [here]." &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Fixed and Moveable Pulley

"A moveable pulley is seldom used alone. It is generally combined with a fixed pulley, as shown [here]."…

"When a high degree of force is required, several moveable pulleys may be combined, as represented [here]. A and B are fixed pulleys; C and D are moveable ones, from the block of which the weight W is suspended" &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Multiple Pulleys

"When a high degree of force is required, several moveable pulleys may be combined, as represented [here].…