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Eremopteris artemisiaefolia is a species of "a genus of fossil ferns, separated from Sphenopteris." -Whitney, 1911

Fossil Fern

Eremopteris artemisiaefolia is a species of "a genus of fossil ferns, separated from Sphenopteris."…

Digitalus purpurea is a flowering plant that is also known as the Common or Purple Foxglove.

Foxglove

Digitalus purpurea is a flowering plant that is also known as the Common or Purple Foxglove.

The ringent and spurred corolla of the foxglove or Linaria.

Foxglove Corolla

The ringent and spurred corolla of the foxglove or Linaria.

Setaria glauca or the Yellow Foxtail is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.

Yellow Foxtail

Setaria glauca or the Yellow Foxtail is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.

Frankincense (Olibanum) is a gum resin obtained from Boswellia Carterii, of the order Burseraceae, and grows chiefly in Somali land. It occurs in roundish tears, about half an inch in diameter, colorless to reddish and covered with a white powder. its odor is balsamic, and it tastes bitter. It burns with a fragrant odor, and is used in incense. The illustration shows 1) the flower, 2) a cross section with petals removed, and 3) fruit.

Frankincense

Frankincense (Olibanum) is a gum resin obtained from Boswellia Carterii, of the order Burseraceae, and…

The fruit of Freycinetia imbricata, a flowering plant native to Southeast Asia.

Freycinetia imbricata

The fruit of Freycinetia imbricata, a flowering plant native to Southeast Asia.

This is the fruit, or drupe, of Fringe-tree, Chionanthus virginica, (Keeler, 1915).

Fringe-tree Fruit

This is the fruit, or drupe, of Fringe-tree, Chionanthus virginica, (Keeler, 1915).

Fritillary is a genus of liliaceous plants, characterized by bearing solitary flowers, each with six petals, and a nectary to each petal. This image shows the variety F. meleagris.

Fritillary (F. meleagris)

Fritillary is a genus of liliaceous plants, characterized by bearing solitary flowers, each with six…

A type of flower.

Frog Bit

A type of flower.

Cross section of the ovary of Frost-Weed (Helianthemum), with three parietal placenta, bearing ovules.

Ovary of Frost Weed

Cross section of the ovary of Frost-Weed (Helianthemum), with three parietal placenta, bearing ovules.

Fruit bursting from the Wild Geranium.

Fruit

Fruit bursting from the Wild Geranium.

Young fruits of Madder.

Fruit

Young fruits of Madder.

Ripe fruit of Madder.

Fruit

Ripe fruit of Madder.

Young fruit of Pokeweed.

Fruit

Young fruit of Pokeweed.

This is a classification of a type of fruit, belonging to Gentiana.

Fruit of Gentian

This is a classification of a type of fruit, belonging to Gentiana.

This is a classification of a type of fruit.

Fruit of Viola

This is a classification of a type of fruit.

Fruit of the flower of the Morning Glory.

Morning Glory Fruit

Fruit of the flower of the Morning Glory.

Fruit of the flower of the Morning Glory. It has dried into a pod and is splitting into three sections.

Morning Glory Fruit

Fruit of the flower of the Morning Glory. It has dried into a pod and is splitting into three sections.

This is the fruit of the Persimmon, Diospyros virginiana, (Keeler, 1915).

Persimmon Fruit

This is the fruit of the Persimmon, Diospyros virginiana, (Keeler, 1915).

Fruit of senecio vulgaris.

Senecio vulgaris fruit

Fruit of senecio vulgaris.

Fruit from a common sorrel plant.

Sorrel fruit

Fruit from a common sorrel plant.

A fruiting portion, showing the structure; a sporocarp, and an antheidium.

Fruiting

A fruiting portion, showing the structure; a sporocarp, and an antheidium.

Fucus is the generic name of various species of brown seaweed which form the main vegetation of rocky shores between tide marks. Most common of all is F. vesiculosus (Rockweed, Bladderweed, sea wave, etc.), easily distinguished by its entire edges and paired air vesicles. On account of the large proportion of ash it forms a valuable manure. Besides manure, the only direct chemical utilization of of the Fuci is for the preparation of Iodine. The vegetative body of Fucus is usually a thallus; the branching is dichotomous in one plane. Of the inner, or medullary, cells of the thallus, the outer wall becomes mucilaginous, while the less superficial of the rind cells develop filaments which grow inward, thus surrounding the inner cells within a network of filaments. The ladders are formed by the simple separation of portions of the tissue, the cavities becoming distended by air. Fertilization takes place when the ripe, fertile fronds are left bare by the tide. The fertilized ovum soon develops a wall, becomes attached, and proceeds to divide and lengthen, forming a root-like attachment at one end, a growing point at the other. This illustration shows a Fucus, 1) a cross-section of a fertile frond, 2) a female conceptacle, 3) a male conceptacle, and 4) Zoospores and Antheridia.

Fucus

Fucus is the generic name of various species of brown seaweed which form the main vegetation of rocky…

Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory

Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native…

An illustration of a longitudinal section of the fumitory flower. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory Flower (Longitudinal Section)

An illustration of a longitudinal section of the fumitory flower. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty…

An illustration of the side-view of the fumitory flower Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory (Side-view)

An illustration of the side-view of the fumitory flower Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous…

An illustration of a fumitory flower anther. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory Flower Anther

An illustration of a fumitory flower anther. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering…

"Fumaria officinalis. 1. a flower seen from below; 2. the same from the side; 3. the pistil, stamens, and a portion of the bagged upper petal; 4. a parcel of anthers, inaccurately drawn, for the two at the sides should be half anthers; 5. the fruit." -Lindley, 1853

Common Fumitory

"Fumaria officinalis. 1. a flower seen from below; 2. the same from the side; 3. the pistil, stamens,…

"Pisomyxa racodioides, Corda.-1. Natural size; 2, the fungus greatly magnified; 3, a spore-case bursting and discharging its spores." -Lindley, 1853

Fungus

"Pisomyxa racodioides, Corda.-1. Natural size; 2, the fungus greatly magnified; 3, a spore-case bursting…

"Eurotium repens. A, a small portion of the mycelium with a conidiophore (c), terminated by the sterigmata (st), from which the spores have fallen, also with the spiral female organ, the ascogonium (as). B the spiral ascogonium (as) with antheridium (p). C, the same beginning to be surrounded by threads, out of which the wall of the perithecium is formed. D, a perithecium. E, F, sections of young perithecia: w, cells composing the wall; f, false parenchyma underneath the wall; as ascogonium. G, ascus. H, an ascopore." -Whitney, 1911

Eurotium Fungus

"Eurotium repens. A, a small portion of the mycelium with a conidiophore (c), terminated by the sterigmata…

"Funicle. In botany, The stalk of an ovule or seed. Pod of Lunaria. a, a, a, funicles." -Whitney, 1911

Funicle of Lunaria Pod

"Funicle. In botany, The stalk of an ovule or seed. Pod of Lunaria. a, a, a, funicles." -Whitney, 1911

Galls on leaf of rose. The location of a parasite is often marked by swellings of peculiar and fantastic or beautiful forms (galls) that grow on leaves and stems.

Gall

Galls on leaf of rose. The location of a parasite is often marked by swellings of peculiar and fantastic…

Galls on leaf of rose. The location of a parasite is often marked by swellings of peculiar and fantastic or beautiful forms (galls) that grow on leaves and stems.

Gall

Galls on leaf of rose. The location of a parasite is often marked by swellings of peculiar and fantastic…

Galls on stem of grape. The location of a parasite is often marked by swellings of peculiar and fantastic or beautiful forms (galls) that grow on leaves and stems.

Gall

Galls on stem of grape. The location of a parasite is often marked by swellings of peculiar and fantastic…

"Woolly Oak-gall, produced by Cynips Quercus ramuli." -Lindley, 1853

Gall Wasp

"Woolly Oak-gall, produced by Cynips Quercus ramuli." -Lindley, 1853

Whorled leaves of Gallium.

Gallium

Whorled leaves of Gallium.

"Galls on the leaf of an Ochnaceous plant." -Lindley, 1853

Galls

"Galls on the leaf of an Ochnaceous plant." -Lindley, 1853

The Gambooge tree (Garcinia gummi-gutta) is a plant in the Clusiaceae family. The species was also known as the synonyms Garcinia cambogia and Garcinia hanburyi.

Branch of Gambooge

The Gambooge tree (Garcinia gummi-gutta) is a plant in the Clusiaceae family. The species was also known…

"Cambogia gutta. 1. a female flower, with the sterile stamens surrounding the pistil; 2. a male flower; 3. an anther, which opens by throwing off a cap, in consequence of transverse dehiscence; 4. a transverse section of the ovary." -Lindley, 1853

Garcinia

"Cambogia gutta. 1. a female flower, with the sterile stamens surrounding the pistil; 2. a male flower;…

Small portion of epidermis of the Garden Balsam, showing very sinuous-walled cells, and three stomata.

Garden Balsam

Small portion of epidermis of the Garden Balsam, showing very sinuous-walled cells, and three stomata.

A woman and children in the garden.

Gardening

A woman and children in the garden.

Forming fruit (capsule) of Gaultheria, with calyx thickening around its base.

Gaultheria

Forming fruit (capsule) of Gaultheria, with calyx thickening around its base.

Section of mature fruit of Gaultheria, the berry-like calyx nearly enclosing the capsule.

Fruit of Gaultheria

Section of mature fruit of Gaultheria, the berry-like calyx nearly enclosing the capsule.

"Geaster tenuipes. a, endoperidium; b, b, exoperidium." -Whitney, 1911

Endoperidium of Geaster

"Geaster tenuipes. a, endoperidium; b, b, exoperidium." -Whitney, 1911

Used as landscaping in Florida, the Geiger tree is a tropical plant known for its flowers. "Cordia Sebestena. 1. calyx; 2. pistil; 3. transverse section of embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Geiger Tree

Used as landscaping in Florida, the Geiger tree is a tropical plant known for its flowers. "Cordia Sebestena.…

Used as landscaping in Florida, the Geiger tree is a tropical plant known for its flowers. "Cordia Sebestena. 1. calyx; 2. pistil; 3. transverse section of embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Geiger Tree

Used as landscaping in Florida, the Geiger tree is a tropical plant known for its flowers. "Cordia Sebestena.…

"6. flower of Geissoloma marginatum; 7. ditto divided perpendicularly; 9. ovule; 10. anther." -Lindley, 1853

Geissoloma

"6. flower of Geissoloma marginatum; 7. ditto divided perpendicularly; 9. ovule; 10. anther." -Lindley,…

Gentiana amarella or the Autumn Gentian is a flowering plant from the family, Gentianaceae.

Autumn Gentian

Gentiana amarella or the Autumn Gentian is a flowering plant from the family, Gentianaceae.

The Great Yellow Gentian (Gentian lutea) is a flowering plant in the Gentian family, Gentianaceae.

Great Yellow Gentian

The Great Yellow Gentian (Gentian lutea) is a flowering plant in the Gentian family, Gentianaceae.

Corolla of a purple Gerardia laid open, showing the four stamens; the cross shows where the fifth stamen would be, if present.

Gerardia

Corolla of a purple Gerardia laid open, showing the four stamens; the cross shows where the fifth stamen…

"Seeds Germinating. The central figure shows a plant which has newly appeared above ground." -Whitney, 1911

Germination

"Seeds Germinating. The central figure shows a plant which has newly appeared above ground." -Whitney,…

Germination of Silver Maple, natural size; merely the base of the fruit, containing the seed, is shown.

Germination of Silver Maple

Germination of Silver Maple, natural size; merely the base of the fruit, containing the seed, is shown.

Chinese Ginger or fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda): "Flowers of Kaempferia pandurata; 2. the inner row of the corolla seen in profile. 3. the anther, enclosing the apex of the style between its lobes; 4. the style and stigma, with two abortive stamens at the base; 5. a transverse section of the ovary." -Lindley, 1853

Chinese Ginger

Chinese Ginger or fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda): "Flowers of Kaempferia pandurata; 2. the inner…

Dancing Girls: "Mantisia saltatoria; 1. style, stigma, and anther; 2. ovary, style, and abortive stamens." -Lindley, 1853

Dancing Girls Ginger

Dancing Girls: "Mantisia saltatoria; 1. style, stigma, and anther; 2. ovary, style, and abortive stamens."…

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. a, branchlet with male flowers." -Whitney, 1911

Ginkgo Biloba Branchlet

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. a, branchlet with male flowers." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. b, branchlet with female flowers." -Whitney, 1911

Ginkgo Biloba Branchlet

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. b, branchlet with female flowers." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. c, naked seed, immature." -Whitney, 1911

Immature Ginkgo Seed

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. c, naked seed, immature." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. d, naked seed, mature." -Whitney, 1911

Mature Ginkgo Seed

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. d, naked seed, mature." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. e, naked seed, mature, deprived of the outer fleshy testa." -Whitney, 1911

Mature Ginkgo Seed

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. e, naked seed, mature, deprived of the outer fleshy testa."…

"Branch and Root of Ginseng (Aralia ginseng)." -Whitney, 1911

Ginseng Branch and Root

"Branch and Root of Ginseng (Aralia ginseng)." -Whitney, 1911