The most important association tracts of the brain. The fibers are projected upon the external surface of the hemisphere.

Cerebral Cortex

The most important association tracts of the brain. The fibers are projected upon the external surface…

The most important association tracts of the brain. The fibers are projected upon the mesial (medial) surface of the hemisphere.

Cerebral Cortex

The most important association tracts of the brain. The fibers are projected upon the mesial (medial)…

Diagram to illustrate minute structure of the cerebral cortex. Labels: A and B, neuroglia cells; C, cells with short axon (N) which breaks up in free arborisation; D, spindle-shaped cell in stratum zonate; E, small pyramidal cell; F, large pyramidal cell; G, cell of Martinotti; H, polymorphic cell; K, corticipetal fibers.

Minute Structure of Cerebral Cortex

Diagram to illustrate minute structure of the cerebral cortex. Labels: A and B, neuroglia cells; C,…

Coronal section through the right cerebral hemispheres as to cut through the anterior part (putamen) of the lenticular nucleus in front of the globus pallidus.

Coronal Section Through Cerebral Hemisphere

Coronal section through the right cerebral hemispheres as to cut through the anterior part (putamen)…

Horizontal section through the right cerebral hemisphere at the level of the widest part of the lenticular nucleus.

Section Through Cerebral Hemisphere

Horizontal section through the right cerebral hemisphere at the level of the widest part of the lenticular…

Diagram of the leading association bundles of the cerebral hemisphere. A, Outer aspect of hemisphere. B, Inner aspect of hemisphere.

Association Bundles of the Cerebral Hemispheres

Diagram of the leading association bundles of the cerebral hemisphere. A, Outer aspect of hemisphere.…

Two coronal sections through the cerebral hemisphere of an orangoutang, in the plan of the anterior commissure. A, Section through the left hemisphere n a plane a short distance behind B, which is a section through the right hemisphere.

Coronal Sections of the Cerebral Hemispheres

Two coronal sections through the cerebral hemisphere of an orangoutang, in the plan of the anterior…

Semidiagrammatic view of the cerebrospinal axis.

Cerebrospinal Axis

Semidiagrammatic view of the cerebrospinal axis.

"The Upper Surface of the Cerebrum. Showing its division into two hemispheres, and also of the convolutions." — Blaisedell, 1904

Cerebrum

"The Upper Surface of the Cerebrum. Showing its division into two hemispheres, and also of the convolutions."…

Coronal section through the cerebrum of an orangoutang passing through the subthalamic tegmental region.

Coronal Section Through Cerebrum

Coronal section through the cerebrum of an orangoutang passing through the subthalamic tegmental region.

Coronal section through the cerebrum, so as to cut through the three divisions of the lenticular nucleus; posterior surface of the section depicted.

Coronal Section Through the Cerebrum

Coronal section through the cerebrum, so as to cut through the three divisions of the lenticular nucleus;…

Coronal section through the left side of the cerebrum of an orangoutang. The section passes through the middle of the lenticular nucleus.

Coronal Section Through the Cerebrum

Coronal section through the left side of the cerebrum of an orangoutang. The section passes through…

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

Top View of the Cerebrum

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

View of the appearance of the tortuous elevations (convolutions) of the brain, seen from above.

Convolutions of the Brain

View of the appearance of the tortuous elevations (convolutions) of the brain, seen from above.

Head of brain coral with soft parts.

Brain Coral

Head of brain coral with soft parts.

Head of brain coral with corallum.

Brain Coral

Head of brain coral with corallum.

Middle vertical section of the callous body (corpus callosum). The inner left side of the brain is also seen.

Corpus Callosum

Middle vertical section of the callous body (corpus callosum). The inner left side of the brain is also…

The corpus callosum, exposed from above and the right half dissected to show the course taken by its fibers.

Corpus Collosum

The corpus callosum, exposed from above and the right half dissected to show the course taken by its…

Head of a cuttlefish, showing the brain cavity.

Head of cuttlefish

Head of a cuttlefish, showing the brain cavity.

Skull of a deer, showing the brain cavity.

Deer skull

Skull of a deer, showing the brain cavity.

"Dissected fish. a, air bladder; b, urinary bladder; b, urinary bladder; br, brain; c, spinal cord; d and da, dorsal fins; dv, anal fin; e, body of the vertebra; g, gills receiving the blood from the ventral aorta leading out of the heart h; i, intestine; k, kidney; l, liver; m, spines of the vertebra; n, auricle of the heart; ov, ovary; ovd, oviduct; st, stomach; sp, spleen; u, ureter." —Davison, 1906

Dissected Fish

"Dissected fish. a, air bladder; b, urinary bladder; b, urinary bladder; br, brain; c, spinal cord;…

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in longitudinal vertical section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it all is forebrain, behind it all is hind-brain; laminaterminalis, represented by the heavy black line in upper figure; Olf, olfactory lobes; Hmp, cerebral hemispheres; ThE, thalamencephalon; Py, pituitary body; FM, foramen of Monro; CS, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; CQ, corpora quadrigemina; CC, crura cerebri; Cb, cerebellum; PV, pons Varolii; MO, medulla oblongata; I, olfactory nerves; II, optic nerves; III, point of ext from brain of the oculimotores; IV, of the pathetici; VI, of the abducentes; V-XII, origins of other cerebral nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle." -Whitney, 1911

Encephalon

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in longitudinal vertical section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it…

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in horizontal section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it all is forebrain, behind it all is hind-brain; Lt, laminaterminalis; Olf, olfactory lobes; Pn, pineal body, or conarium; M, foramen of Monro; CS, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; Cb, cerebellum; MO, medulla oblongata; I, olfactory nerves; II, optic nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle; + is in the iter e tertio ad quartum ventriculum." -Whitney, 1911

Encephalon

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in horizontal section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it all is forebrain,…

Ethmoid bone, posterior surface. The ethmoid bone is an exceedingly light, spongy bone, placed between the two orbits and at the root of the nose, contributing to form a part of each of these cavities. Label: 2, cribriform, or perforated plate.

Ethmoid Bone of the Human Skull

Ethmoid bone, posterior surface. The ethmoid bone is an exceedingly light, spongy bone, placed between…

Diagram of the intrapontine course pursued by the facial nerve.

Facial Nerve

Diagram of the intrapontine course pursued by the facial nerve.

Fissure of Rolando fully opened up, so as to exhibit the interlocking gyri and deep annectant gyrus within it.

Fissure of Rolando

Fissure of Rolando fully opened up, so as to exhibit the interlocking gyri and deep annectant gyrus…

Two cross sections through the forebrain. A. Through the forebrain of the early human embryo. B. Through the forebrain and optic vesicles of Lepidosteus embryo of eight days.

Section Through Forebrain of Human and Lepidosteus Embryos

Two cross sections through the forebrain. A. Through the forebrain of the early human embryo. B. Through…

The fornix is a paired structure consisting of bilaterally symmetrical halves composed of longitudinally directed fibers which arch on each side from the region of the uncus to the corpus albicans. Shown is a diagram of the fornix.

Fornix

The fornix is a paired structure consisting of bilaterally symmetrical halves composed of longitudinally…

Diagrammatic profile view of the fornix.

Profile View of Fornix

Diagrammatic profile view of the fornix.

Frontal bone of the human skull, outer surface. The frontal bone forms the forehead, roof of the orbital cavities, and the nasal cavity. Labels: 1, frontal eminence; 7, roof of orbital cavitiy; 10, orbital arch.

Frontal Bone of the Human Skull

Frontal bone of the human skull, outer surface. The frontal bone forms the forehead, roof of the orbital…

Skull of a Greek tortoise, showing the brain cavity.

Skull of Greek tortoise

Skull of a Greek tortoise, showing the brain cavity.

Section of head 1 cm above orbit.

Cross Section of Head 1 cm above Orbit

Section of head 1 cm above orbit.

Section of head 2 cm above orbit.

Cross Section of Head 2 cm above Supraorbital Orbit

Section of head 2 cm above orbit.

Section of head 3 cm above supraorbital border.

Cross Section of Head 3 cm above Supraorbital Border

Section of head 3 cm above supraorbital border.

Section of head 4 cm above supraorbital border.

Cross Section of Head 4 cm above Supraorbital Border

Section of head 4 cm above supraorbital border.

Vertical middle section of head and neck showing the opening through the Eustachian tube, and its relations with the pharynx.

Head and Neck, Section of

Vertical middle section of head and neck showing the opening through the Eustachian tube, and its relations…

Section of head and neck from front to back. Labels: 1, windpipe; 2, larynx; 3, spinal marrow; 4, pharynx; 5, tongue or hyoid bone; 6, epiglottis; 7, tongue; 8, hard palate; 9, soft palate; 10; bridge of the nose; 11, frontal cavity; 12; sphenoid cavity; 13, nasal cavity; 14, skin of skull; 15, bony skull; 16, hypophisis; 17, corpus callosum; 18, septum lucidum; 19, straight sinus; 20, cerebellum; 21 cerebrum; 22, lobes of medulla; 23, pons varolii; 24, medulla oblongata; 25, zone of the epistropheus; 26, vertebrae; 27, spinal continuation of the vertebrae.

Section of the Head and Neck

Section of head and neck from front to back. Labels: 1, windpipe; 2, larynx; 3, spinal marrow; 4, pharynx;…

Section of the head at supraorbital margin.

Cross Section of Head at Supraorbital Margin

Section of the head at supraorbital margin.

Section of the head immediately below the orbits, at the level of Reid's base line exposing the maxillary sinus.

Cross Section of Head Exposing Maxillary Sinus

Section of the head immediately below the orbits, at the level of Reid's base line exposing the maxillary…

Exposure of the Gasserian ganglion and middle meningeal artery though a flap incision of the scalp and skull. The dura mater and brain are retracted upwards. The (*) points to the Foramen spinosum through which the middle meningeal artery passes as it enters the cranial cavity.

Incision of the Head Showing Gasserian Ganglion

Exposure of the Gasserian ganglion and middle meningeal artery though a flap incision of the scalp and…

Section of the head through the eyeballs.

Cross Section of Head Through Eyeballs

Section of the head through the eyeballs.

Section of the head through lower portion of orbit.

Cross Section of Head Through Lower Portion of Orbit

Section of the head through lower portion of orbit.

Section of the head through the nasopharynx.

Cross Section of Head Through the Nasopharynx

Section of the head through the nasopharynx.

Section two inches above supraorbital border. Upper surface. The (*) on right indicates subaponeurotic tissue. (*) on left indicates pia mater.

Cross Section of Head

Section two inches above supraorbital border. Upper surface. The (*) on right indicates subaponeurotic…

Frontal section of the head passing through the parietal and occipital cerebral lobes and he cerebellar hemispheres, viewed from behind.

Frontal Section of the Head

Frontal section of the head passing through the parietal and occipital cerebral lobes and he cerebellar…

"The Brain is the encephalon, or center of the nervous system and the seat of consciousness and volition in man and the higher animals. Median Longitudinal Section through Head and Upper Part of Neck, to Show relation of Brain to Cranium and the Spinal Cord. <em>c,</em> cerebrum; <em>cb,</em> cerebellum; <em>sc,</em> spinal cord; <em>spc,</em> spinal column; <em>mo,</em> medulla oblongata passing, through foramen magnum, into the spinal cord; <em>pv,</em> pons Varolii; <em>cp,</em> cerebral peduncles or crura cerebri; <em>cqa,</em> anterior corpora quadrigemina; <em>cqp,</em> posterior corpora quadrigemina; <em>pg,</em> pineal gland; <em>pb,</em> pituitary body; <em>cc,</em> corpus collosum, divided transversely; <em>f,</em> fornix; <em>mg,</em> marginal gyrus; <em>gf,</em> gyrus fornicatus; <em>cmg,</em> calloso-marginal suleus; <em>O,</em> occipital lobe; <em>po,</em> parieto-occipital fissure; <em>cf,</em> calcarine fissure; <em>dm,</em>dura mater, separating cerebrum from cerebellum."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Human Brain

"The Brain is the encephalon, or center of the nervous system and the seat of consciousness and volition…

Showing the brain cavity of a human.

Human skull

Showing the brain cavity of a human.

Three stages in the development of the insula and the insular opercula.

Development of the Insula

Three stages in the development of the insula and the insular opercula.

Diagrammatic representation of the internal capsule (as seen in horizontal section).

Internal Capsule

Diagrammatic representation of the internal capsule (as seen in horizontal section).

Transverse section through the human medulla in the lower olivary region.

Section Through Medulla in Olivary Region

Transverse section through the human medulla in the lower olivary region.

Transverse section through the the middle of the olivary region of the human medulla or bulb.

Section Through Medulla in Olivary Region

Transverse section through the the middle of the olivary region of the human medulla or bulb.

Back view of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon of a full term human fetus.

Back View of Medulla, Pons, and Mesencephalon

Back view of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon of a full term human fetus.

Front view of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon of a full term human fetus.

Front view of Medulla, Pons, and Mesencephalon

Front view of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon of a full term human fetus.

Lateral view of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon of a full term human fetus.

Lateral View of Medulla, Pons, and Mesencephalon

Lateral view of the medulla, pons, and mesencephalon of a full term human fetus.

Transverse section through the closed part of the human medulla immediately above the decussation of the pyramids.

Transverse Section Through Closed Part of Medulla

Transverse section through the closed part of the human medulla immediately above the decussation of…

Transverse section through the closed part of the fetal medulla immediately above the decussation of the pyramids.

Transverse Section Through Closed Part of Fetal Medulla

Transverse section through the closed part of the fetal medulla immediately above the decussation of…

Transverse section through the lower end of the medulla of a full term fetus.

Transverse Section Through the the Medulla

Transverse section through the lower end of the medulla of a full term fetus.

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the inferior quadrigeminal body.

Section of Mesencephalon at Inferior Quadrigeminal Body

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the inferior quadrigeminal body.

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the superior quadrigeminal body.

Section of Mesencephalon at Superior Quadrigeminal Body

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the superior quadrigeminal body.

Diagram of the human nervous system showing the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Nervous System

Diagram of the human nervous system showing the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.