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Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Non-Vocal Divided Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Divided Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Divided Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Non-Vocal Divided Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <P>Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Non-Vocal Mixed Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Mixed Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Mixed Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Non-Vocal Mixed Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Non-Vocal Mixed-Divided Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Mixed-Divided Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Mixed-Divided Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Non-Vocal Mixed-Divided Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Non-Vocal Nasal Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Nasal Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Nasal Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Non-Vocal Nasal Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p>Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Non-Vocal Primary Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p>Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Primary Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p>Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Primary Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Throat Consonant positions differ from those of the Back in having the index and center fingers separated.

Non-Vocal Primary Throat Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Throat Consonant positions differ from those of the Back in having the index and center fingers separated.

Non-Vocal Primary Throat Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p>Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Non-Vocal Primary Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Non-Vocal Shut Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Shut Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Non-Vocal Shut Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Throat Consonant positions differ from those of the Back in having the index and center fingers separated.

Non-Vocal Shut Throat Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Non-Vocal Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb bent at right angles to the breath phalanx, or unaccented. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Non-Vocal Shut Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. From the Vocalized Throat primary consonant which represents guttural contraction, we may derive a very appropriate orinasal symbol by placing the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position for nasality. This symbol acts retrospectively, so in representing an orinasal we represent the vowel in the usual way and immediately follow it with the orinasal symbol.

Orinasal Symbol Throat Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Vocalized Divided Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Divided Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Divided Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Divided Consonant positions have the first and second fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Vocalized Divided Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Vocalized Mixed Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Mixed Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Mixed Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed Consonant positions have the second, third, and fourth fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Vocalized Mixed Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Vocalized Mixed-Divided Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Mixed-Divided Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Mixed-Divided Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Mixed-Divided Consonant positions have all of the fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Vocalized Mixed-Divided Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Vocalized Nasal Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Nasal Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Nasal Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Nasal Consonant positions have the breath phalanx of the thumb in the position to indicate Nasality. None of the fingers are accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Vocalized Nasal Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Vocalized Primary Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Primary Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Primary Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Throat Consonant positions differ from those of the Back in having the index and center fingers separated.

Vocalized Primary Throat Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Primary Consonant positions have only the first finger accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Vocalized Primary Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Back Consonant positions, being posterior, have the palm held laterally at an angle to the arm.

Vocalized Shut Back Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Lip Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Shut Lip Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Point Consonant positions, being anterior, have the palm upright and in line with the arm.

Vocalized Shut Point Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production some part of the throat or mouth obstructs, squeezes, or divides the breath. &hellip;in representing consonants the hand suggests a narrow adjustment of the organs, by having the prominent or accented fingers straightened and the second phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm. <p> Vocalized Consonant positions have the voice phalanx of the thumb accented; that is, brought in line with the breath phalanx; this constitutes the only difference between the Vocalized and analogous Non-Vocal Consonant positions. Shut Consonant positions do not have any of the fingers accented. Top Consonant positions have the lower phalanges of the fingers at right angles to the plane of the palm.

Vocalized Shut Top Consonant

Consonants have a closed or narrowly expanded adjustment of the vocal organs, so that in their production…

Physiological Bases of the Visible Speech Symbols - Consonants. In representing the consonant a peculiar and exclusive mode of accenting ... the important ... parts of the hand is resorted to, so that, when the different ways of accentuation are understood, the class to which a given position belongs may be readily determined. The modes of accentuation adopted, impart to the various manual positions something more than mere arbitrary class distinction. A hint at the physiological differences between consonants, vowels, and glides also is given, when the positions that represent them are viewed from the index-finger side of the hand ..., according to the rules in this Manual. <p>Consonant positions are distinguished by having the breath phalanx of the thumb close to the plane of the palm and the accented fingers straightened. When the voice phalanx of the thumb is accented, it is never held in contact with an accented finger’s second, or with its terminal, phalanx. The Shut and Nasal positions under this class are the only positions which fail to have accented fingers. In reading a Consonant position we begin at the index-finger side of the hand and treat as accented the nearest straightened finger, and also all other straightened fingers which are directly or indirectly in contact therewith; and as unaccented, all fingers which are closed, and also all straightened fingers which are out of contact with an accented finger. There are fifty-two Consonant positions.

Physiological Bases of the Visible Speech Symbols for Consonants

Physiological Bases of the Visible Speech Symbols - Consonants. In representing the consonant a peculiar…

Physiological Bases of the Visible Speech Symbols - Vowels. In representing the vowel classification of sounds, a peculiar and exclusive mode of accenting ... the important ... parts of the hand is resorted to, so that, when the different ways of accentuation are understood, the class to which a given position belongs may be readily determined. The modes of accentuation adopted, impart to the various manual positions something more than mere arbitrary class distinction. A hint at the physiological differences between consonants, vowels, and glides also is given, when the positions that represent them are viewed from the index-finger side of the hand ..., according to the rules in this Manual. <p>Vowel positions are distinguished by always having the voice phalanx of the thumb accented and in contact with the terminal phalanx of the accented finger. This kind of accent is the strongest which can be given a finger, and so always takes precedence. Two modes of accentuation may not co-exist. The Vowel position are thirty-six in number.

Physiological Bases of the Visible Speech Symbols for Vowels

Physiological Bases of the Visible Speech Symbols - Vowels. In representing the vowel classification…