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The different layers or strata are shown by the shadling's. Stratified rocks are the most common of rock's found near the earth's surface. Stratified rocks are largely composed of fragments of older rocks; for this reason they are sometimes called <em>fragmental</em> rocks.

Stratified Rock

The different layers or strata are shown by the shadling's. Stratified rocks are the most common of…

A mollusk radiate from the Paleozoic time, Strophomena rhomboidalis

Strophomena Mollusk

A mollusk radiate from the Paleozoic time, Strophomena rhomboidalis

Sulphur.

Sulphur

Sulphur.

Sulphur.

Sulphur

Sulphur.

"Resinous luster. Color sulphur-yellow, varying with impurities to yellow shades of green, gray, and red. Transparent to opaque. Imperfect conductor of heat." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Sulphur

"Resinous luster. Color sulphur-yellow, varying with impurities to yellow shades of green, gray, and…

"Resinous luster. Color sulphur-yellow, varying with impurities to yellow shades of green, gray, and red. Transparent to opaque. Imperfect conductor of heat." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Sulphur

"Resinous luster. Color sulphur-yellow, varying with impurities to yellow shades of green, gray, and…

This illustration shows a perspective view and a vertical section of a syncline. It shows the spoon-shaped ridges of hard rock and the troughs formed by the beds.

Syncline

This illustration shows a perspective view and a vertical section of a syncline. It shows the spoon-shaped…

Table Mountain is a mountain in the Western Cape, South Africa, overlooking the greater Cape Town area.

Table Mountain

Table Mountain is a mountain in the Western Cape, South Africa, overlooking the greater Cape Town area.

On the coast of Naples, near the ancient town of Puzzuoli, stand three marble pillars forty feet in height. Their pedestals are washed by the waters of the Mediterranean. The marble pavement upon which they stand was, in the second century, the floor of a temple and is sunken three feet beneath the waves. The level of land may vary, and the shores of a continent may be submerged, and at a subswquent period may rise again from the waves. It is recorded that the effects of oscillations cause many changes in land formation of the centuries.

Temple of Scrapis at Puzzuoli

On the coast of Naples, near the ancient town of Puzzuoli, stand three marble pillars forty feet in…

Principal forms of the isometric system: tetragonal trisoctahedron.

Tetragonal Trisoctahedron

Principal forms of the isometric system: tetragonal trisoctahedron.

"The symmetry of this class is as follows: The three crystallographic axes are axes of binary symmetry; the four diagonal axes are axes of trigonal symmetry; there are six diagonal planes of symmetry." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Symmetry of tetrahedral class

"The symmetry of this class is as follows: The three crystallographic axes are axes of binary symmetry;…

Principal forms of the isometric system: tetrahedron.

Tetrahedron

Principal forms of the isometric system: tetrahedron.

"A combination of cube and tetrahedron. It will be noted that the tetrahedron faces truncate the alternate corners of the cube, or that the cube faces truncate the edges o a tetrahedron." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tetrahedron and cube

"A combination of cube and tetrahedron. It will be noted that the tetrahedron faces truncate the alternate…

"The combination of tetrahedron and dodecahedron." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tetrahedron and dodecahedron

"The combination of tetrahedron and dodecahedron." — Ford, 1912

"A combination of tetrahedron and tristetrahedron." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tetrahedron and tristetrahedron

"A combination of tetrahedron and tristetrahedron." — Ford, 1912

"The tetrahedron is a form composed of four equilateral triangular faces, each of which intersects all of the crystallographic axes at equal lengths. It can be considered as derived from the octahedron of the Normal Class by the omission of the alternate faces and the extension of the others. If the other four faces of the octahedron had been extended, the tetrahedron resulting would have had a different orientation, known as the negative tetrahedron." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Negative tetrahedron

"The tetrahedron is a form composed of four equilateral triangular faces, each of which intersects all…

"The tetrahedron is a form composed of four equilateral triangular faces, each of which intersects all of the crystallographic axes at equal lengths. It can be considered as derived from the octahedron of the Normal Class by the omission of the alternate faces and the extension of the others." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Positive tetrahedron

"The tetrahedron is a form composed of four equilateral triangular faces, each of which intersects all…

"If a positive and negative tetrahedron occured together with equal development, the resulting crystal could not be distinguished from an octahedron, unless, as is usually the case, the faces of the two forms showed different lusters, etchings, or striations that would serve to differentiate them." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Positive and negative tetrahedrons

"If a positive and negative tetrahedron occured together with equal development, the resulting crystal…

Principal forms of the isometric system: tetrahexahedron.

Tetrahexahedron

Principal forms of the isometric system: tetrahexahedron.

"Monoclinic. Crystals varied in habit. Often with prominent basal plane which is steeply inclined and which in combination with short prism and pyramid faces gives a thin wedge-shaped crystal." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Titanite

"Monoclinic. Crystals varied in habit. Often with prominent basal plane which is steeply inclined and…

"Monoclinic. Crystals varied in habit. Often with prominent basal plane which is steeply inclined and which in combination with short prism and pyramid faces gives a thin wedge-shaped crystal." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Titanite

"Monoclinic. Crystals varied in habit. Often with prominent basal plane which is steeply inclined and…

Topaz.

Topaz

Topaz.

Topaz.

Topaz

Topaz.

Topaz

Topaz

Topaz

"Orthohombic. In prismatic crystals terminated by pyramids, domes, and basal plane." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Topaz

"Orthohombic. In prismatic crystals terminated by pyramids, domes, and basal plane." — Ford, 1912

"Tourmaline crystals show the forms of the Rhombohedral Class but with hemispherical development. They are also commonly characterized by the presence of three faces of a triangular prism." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tourmaline

"Tourmaline crystals show the forms of the Rhombohedral Class but with hemispherical development. They…

"Tourmaline crystals show the forms of the Rhombohedral Class but with hemispherical development. They are also commonly characterized by the presence of three faces of a triangular prism." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tourmaline

"Tourmaline crystals show the forms of the Rhombohedral Class but with hemispherical development. They…

"Tourmaline crystals show the forms of the Rhombohedral Class but with hemispherical development. They are also commonly characterized by the presence of three faces of a triangular prism." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tourmaline

"Tourmaline crystals show the forms of the Rhombohedral Class but with hemispherical development. They…

"Hexagonal-rhombohedral; hemimorphic. Crystals usually prismatic, vertically striated. A triangular prism, with three faces, prominent, which with the tendency of the prism faces to be vertically striated and to round into each other gives the crystals usually a cross section like a spherical triangle." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tourmaline

"Hexagonal-rhombohedral; hemimorphic. Crystals usually prismatic, vertically striated. A triangular…

"Hexagonal-rhombohedral; hemimorphic. Crystals usually prismatic, vertically striated. A triangular prism, with three faces, prominent, which with the tendency of the prism faces to be vertically striated and to round into each other gives the crystals usually a cross section like a spherical triangle. Crystals are commonly terminated by base and low positive and negative rhombohedrons; sometimes scalenohedrons are present. When the crystals are doubly terminated they usually show different forms at the opposite ends of the vertical axis." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tourmaline

"Hexagonal-rhombohedral; hemimorphic. Crystals usually prismatic, vertically striated. A triangular…

Shiny, black, oblong stone.

Tourmaline

Shiny, black, oblong stone.

"Map and section of trap ridges near Woodbury. The topography is indicated by sketched contours, with hachures for trap bluffs. The lower sandstone slopes are all covered, and the northern bluff of the western group of ridges is quite buried in drift. The crystalline rocks appear on the east. The section suggests an interpretation of the surface forms." -Walcott, 1901

Trap Ridges

"Map and section of trap ridges near Woodbury. The topography is indicated by sketched contours, with…

"The trapezohedron is a form composed of twenty-four trapezium-shaped faces, each of which intersects one of the crystallographic axes at unity and the other two at equal multiples." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Trapezohedron

"The trapezohedron is a form composed of twenty-four trapezium-shaped faces, each of which intersects…

Section of bluff two miles south of Trenton, New Jersey.

Trenton Bluff

Section of bluff two miles south of Trenton, New Jersey.

Principal forms of the triclinic system: triclinic hemi-prism

Triclinic Hemi-prism

Principal forms of the triclinic system: triclinic hemi-prism

Principal forms of the triclinic system: tryclinic pyramid

Triclinic Pyramid

Principal forms of the triclinic system: tryclinic pyramid

Principal forms of the hexagonal system: trigonal prism

Trigonal Prism

Principal forms of the hexagonal system: trigonal prism

Principal forms of the isometric system: trigonal trisoctahedron.

Trigonal Trisoctahedron

Principal forms of the isometric system: trigonal trisoctahedron.

The trilobite was an early animal on earth during the Primordial Period.

Trilobite

The trilobite was an early animal on earth during the Primordial Period.

A trilobite (Paradoxides Bohemicus) of the Cambrian period.

Trilobite

A trilobite (Paradoxides Bohemicus) of the Cambrian period.

"Trilobite from the Silurian rocks. Pultowa, Russia (Illaenus crassicauda)." -Taylor, 1904

Trilobite

"Trilobite from the Silurian rocks. Pultowa, Russia (Illaenus crassicauda)." -Taylor, 1904

A track of the early life form, the trilobite.

Trilobite Track

A track of the early life form, the trilobite.

"Spiny trilobite (Acidaspid Dufrenogi). Silurian rocks of Bohemia." -Taylor, 1904

Spiny Trilobite

"Spiny trilobite (Acidaspid Dufrenogi). Silurian rocks of Bohemia." -Taylor, 1904

"The trisoctahedron is a form composed of twenty-four isosceles triangular faces, each of which intersects two of the crystallographic axes at unity and the third axis at some multiple. There are various trisoctahedrons the faces of which have different inclinations." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Trisoctahedron

"The trisoctahedron is a form composed of twenty-four isosceles triangular faces, each of which intersects…

"The faces of the tristetrahedron correspond to one-half the faces of a trapezohedron." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Tristetrahedron

"The faces of the tristetrahedron correspond to one-half the faces of a trapezohedron." — Ford,…

Principal forms of the isometric system: tristetrahedron.

Tristetrahedron

Principal forms of the isometric system: tristetrahedron.

Vesuvianite.

Vesuvianite

Vesuvianite.

Vesuvianite

Vesuvianite

Vesuvianite

"Tetragonal. Prismatic in habit. Often vertically striated. Common forms are prisms of first and second orders, pyramid of first order and base." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Vesuvianite

"Tetragonal. Prismatic in habit. Often vertically striated. Common forms are prisms of first and second…

"Tetragonal. Prismatic in habit. Often vertically striated. Common forms are prisms of first and second orders, pyramid of first order and base." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Vesuvianite

"Tetragonal. Prismatic in habit. Often vertically striated. Common forms are prisms of first and second…

Lake George, also known as <em>Queen of American Lakes</em>, is a long narrow lake at the southeast base of the Adirondack Mountains, northern New York. The lake extends about 32.2 miles on a north-south axis and varies from 1 to 3 miles in width.

View of Lake George, N.Y.

Lake George, also known as Queen of American Lakes, is a long narrow lake at the southeast…

General view, in part schematic, of the volcanic massif of the Mezenc.

Volcanic Massif of the Mezenc

General view, in part schematic, of the volcanic massif of the Mezenc.

A collage of different water scenes.

Water, Collage of

A collage of different water scenes.

Trenton Falls, a geologist's playground, has been inspiring generations of scientists. Referred to as Kuyahoora by the natives, the leaping waters of the Deyoghtararon, was held in great spiritual regard by native peoples for centuries prior to the arrival of settlers. Trenton Falls is located in West Canada Creek Valley in north central New York State. This tributary of the Mohawk River drains much of the southwestern Adirondack Mountains. Limestone and shale dominate the rock formation at Trenton Falls.

Trenton High Falls

Trenton Falls, a geologist's playground, has been inspiring generations of scientists. Referred to as…

"Tetragonal; tripyramidal. Crystals usually prismatic. Prominent forms are prisms of the first and second order, pyramid of first." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Wernerite

"Tetragonal; tripyramidal. Crystals usually prismatic. Prominent forms are prisms of the first and second…

"Tetragonal; tripyramidal. Crystals usually prismatic. Prominent forms are prisms of the first and second order, pyramid of first. Rarely shows the faces of the pyramid of the third order." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Wernerite

"Tetragonal; tripyramidal. Crystals usually prismatic. Prominent forms are prisms of the first and second…

"A crystal of zincite with a prism terminated by a pyramid above a basal pinacoid below." &mdash; Ford, 1912

Zincite

"A crystal of zincite with a prism terminated by a pyramid above a basal pinacoid below." — Ford,…

Zircon.

Zircon

Zircon.

Zircon.

Zircon

Zircon.

Zircon.

Zircon

Zircon.