ClipArt ETC
"Formation of endosperm in the embryo-sac of Agrimonia Eupatorium. Cell-walls are being formed between the nuclei." -Stevens, 1916

A. Eupatorium Cell

"Formation of endosperm in the embryo-sac of Agrimonia Eupatorium. Cell-walls are being formed between…

"Showing at f the felty body covering the passage way through the exodermis of the aerial root of Sobralia macrantha." -Stevens, 1916

S. Macrantha Aerial Root

"Showing at f the felty body covering the passage way through the exodermis of the aerial root of Sobralia…

"Portion of cross section through an aerial root of Stanhopea oculata. h, the velamen; i, exodermis; j, cortex; k, endodermis." -Stevens, 1916

S. Oculata Aerial Root

"Portion of cross section through an aerial root of Stanhopea oculata. h, the velamen; i, exodermis;…

"To show aleurone grains. A, cells from cotyledon of seed of garden bean; n, aleurone grains; m, starch; B, cells from endosperm of castor bean; a, aleurone grains; l, ground substance; k, crystalloid; j, globoid." -Stevens, 1916

Aleurone Grains

"To show aleurone grains. A, cells from cotyledon of seed of garden bean; n, aleurone grains; m, starch;…

"Diagram to show different plans in the distribution of bast fibers. A, bast a continuous cylinder in the pericycle; B, isolated strands of bast in the cortex and in the pericycle in front of each vascular bundle; C, a combination of A and B." -Stevens, 1916

Bast Fibers

"Diagram to show different plans in the distribution of bast fibers. A, bast a continuous cylinder in…

Developmental stages of bast fibers: "1 and 2, cross and longitudinal sections of primary meristem cells that are to become bast fibers." -Stevens, 1916

Bast Fibers 1 and 2

Developmental stages of bast fibers: "1 and 2, cross and longitudinal sections of primary meristem cells…

Developmental stages of bast fibers: 3 and 4, cross and longitudinal sections of meristem cells becoming bast fibers.

Bast Fibers 3 and 4

Developmental stages of bast fibers: 3 and 4, cross and longitudinal sections of meristem cells becoming…

Developmental stages of bast fibers: "5, longitudinal section of completed bast fibers. In 5 the stippling of the wall indicates lignification. Note that the walls have become pitted and the protoplasts have disappeared from the fibers." -Stevens, 1916

Bast Fibers 5

Developmental stages of bast fibers: "5, longitudinal section of completed bast fibers. In 5 the stippling…

"Camera-lucida outline of portion of cross section of cornstalk, showing at g bast fiber zone beneath the epidermis and surrounding the outermost vascular bundles." -Stevens, 1916

Cornstalk Bast Fibers

"Camera-lucida outline of portion of cross section of cornstalk, showing at g bast fiber zone beneath…

Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). 1, stamen; 2, pistil.

Bindweed

Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). 1, stamen; 2, pistil.

"Portion of a cross section through a nectariferous bract of Vicia sepium; n, nectar-secreting cells." -Stevens, 1916

V. Sepium Bract

"Portion of a cross section through a nectariferous bract of Vicia sepium; n, nectar-secreting cells."…

"Diagram showing tissue-systems in young stem of castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis), as seen in cross-section. ep, epidermis; cor, cortex; p, pith or medulla; b, fibro-vascular bundle; ph, phloem; ca, cambium; x, xylem; ic, interfascicular cambium." -Gager, 1916

Castor-Oil Plant Stem

"Diagram showing tissue-systems in young stem of castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis), as seen in cross-section.…

"The castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis). Portion of cross-section of young stem. co, Cortex; p, pith or medulla; e, epidermis; ph, phloem; ca, cambium; x, xylem. The last three elements compose the fibro-vascular bundle, the cambium being continuous from bundle to bundle; the portion between the bundles is called interfascicular cambium." -Gager, 1916

Castor-Oil Plant Stem

"The castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis). Portion of cross-section of young stem. co, Cortex; p, pith…

First developmental stage of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. "A, a and b, two rows of procambial cells; in c and d, a has divided longitudinal and c is to become companion cells; d, a sieve tube, and b, phloem parenchyma." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Cell Development 1

First developmental stage of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. "A, a and b, two rows…

Second developmental stage of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. "B, c, companion cells, and d, a beginning sieve tube from c and d, respectively in A. The cross-walls in d are pitted; b, phloem parenchyma grown larger." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Cell Development 2

Second developmental stage of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. "B, c, companion…

Third developmental stage of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. "The pits in the cross-walls of the sieve tubes become perforations, and the nuclei gone from the cells composing the tube." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Cell Development 3

Third developmental stage of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. "The pits in the cross-walls…

"Various stages of cell multiplication by budding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." -Stevens, 1916

S. Cerevisiae Cell Multiplication

"Various stages of cell multiplication by budding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." -Stevens, 1916

"C, cell showing numerous chloroplasts scattered through the cytoplasm." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Cell

"C, cell showing numerous chloroplasts scattered through the cytoplasm." -Stevens, 1916

"Cross section through a water-absorbing scale of Tillandsia usneoides; a, a, water-absorbing cells partially filled with water." -Stevens, 1916

T. Usneoides Cell

"Cross section through a water-absorbing scale of Tillandsia usneoides; a, a, water-absorbing cells…

"D, cell of Oedogonium, with numerous chloroplasts." -Stevens, 1916

Oedogonium Chloroplast

"D, cell of Oedogonium, with numerous chloroplasts." -Stevens, 1916

"A, Pleurococcus, with chloroplast at c." -Stevens, 1916

Pleurococcus Chloroplast

"A, Pleurococcus, with chloroplast at c." -Stevens, 1916

"B, cell of Spirogyra, with spiral chloroplast at c, nucleus at n, and pyrenoid at e." -Stevens, 1916

Spirogyra Chloroplast

"B, cell of Spirogyra, with spiral chloroplast at c, nucleus at n, and pyrenoid at e." -Stevens, 1916

"C, cross section of Spirogyra cell, with nucleus at n, and section of chloroplast and pyrenoid below." -Stevens, 1916

Spirogyra Chloroplast

"C, cross section of Spirogyra cell, with nucleus at n, and section of chloroplast and pyrenoid below."…

"Cross section, A, and surface view, B, of a leaf of common moss, showing chloroplasts, c." -Stevens, 1916

Moss Leaf Chloroplasts

"Cross section, A, and surface view, B, of a leaf of common moss, showing chloroplasts, c." -Stevens,…

Developmental stages of collenchyma: "1 and 2, cross and longitudinal section of a collenchyma cell in its primary meristem condition." -Stevens, 1916

Collenchyma 1 and 2

Developmental stages of collenchyma: "1 and 2, cross and longitudinal section of a collenchyma cell…

Developmental stages of collenchyma: "3 and 4, longitudinal and cross sections of the same cell at a later stage, the walls in 4 have commenced to thicken at the angles." -Stevens, 1916

Collenchyma 3 and 4

Developmental stages of collenchyma: "3 and 4, longitudinal and cross sections of the same cell at a…

Developmental stages of collenchyma: "5 and 6, longitudinal and cross sections of a mature cell. The arrows indicate the planes through which the longitudinal sections were cut. The stippling inside the walls indicates the protoplasts." -Stevens, 1916

Collenchyma 5 and 6

Developmental stages of collenchyma: "5 and 6, longitudinal and cross sections of a mature cell. The…

"Enzyme-secreting cells of date cotyledon." -Stevens, 1916

Date Cotyledon

"Enzyme-secreting cells of date cotyledon." -Stevens, 1916

"Enzyme-secreting cells of...cotyledon of Indian corn." -Stevens, 1916

Indian Corn Cotyledon

"Enzyme-secreting cells of...cotyledon of Indian corn." -Stevens, 1916

"Different forms of crystals of calcium oxalate. A, from the petiole of Begonia manicata." -Stevens, 1916

Calcium Oxalate Crystals

"Different forms of crystals of calcium oxalate. A, from the petiole of Begonia manicata." -Stevens,…

"Showing the manner of honing the section knife or razor." -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Plant Sections

"Showing the manner of honing the section knife or razor." -Stevens, 1916

"Illustrating how the section knife or razor is drawn across the strop." -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Plant Sections

"Illustrating how the section knife or razor is drawn across the strop." -Stevens, 1916

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal radially" -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Radially

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal radially" -Stevens, 1916

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut transversely." -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Sections Transversely

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut transversely." -Stevens, 1916

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal tangentially." -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Tangentially

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal tangentially." -Stevens, 1916

"Cystoliths from the leaf of Ficus carica. A, complete cystolith; B, cystolith from which the calcium carbonate has been removed for use in other parts of the plant. B is from a leaf that had fallen off in autumn." -Stevens, 1916

Cystoliths

"Cystoliths from the leaf of Ficus carica. A, complete cystolith; B, cystolith from which the calcium…

"Longitudinal section through a digestive gland of Drosera rotundifolia." -Stevens, 1916

D. Rotundifolia Digestive Gland

"Longitudinal section through a digestive gland of Drosera rotundifolia." -Stevens, 1916

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 1, resting stage of a grandmother cell." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 1

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 10, bipolar spindle with double chromosomes aligned at the equator." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 10

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 11, reduction division, the double chromosomes separating and at the same time showing longitudinal division, with the longitudinal halves widely apart at their equatorial ends." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 11

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 12, formation of daughter nuclei, which are really the nuclei of the mother cells of the spores." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 12

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 13, division of mother-cell nuclei, the longitudinally split chromosomes seen in 11 again appearing." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 13

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 14, split chromosomes of 13 aligned at the equator ready for the longitudinal halves of each to be drawn apart to opposite poles." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 14

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 15, separation of the longitudinal halves." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 15

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 16, formation of granddaughter nuclei, or nuclei of the spores." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 16

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 2, nuclear thread becoming arranged into parallel threads." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 2

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 3, synaptic stage." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 3

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 4, parallel threads uniting." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 4

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 5, double threads so united as to appear as one." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 5

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 7, thread transversely segmented into double chromosomes." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 7

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 8, diakinesis, that is, chromosomes dispersed about the nuclear membrane." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 8

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic. 9, multipolar spindle stage." -Stevens, 1916

Division of Grandmother Cell Stage 9

"Stages in the division of a grandmother cell of microspores or pollen grains of a lily, somewhat diagrammatic.…

"Free cell formation of spores in the ascus of Erysiphe communis. A, ascus with single nucleus; C, cytoplasm; N, nucleus; NL, nucleolus; B, successive stages in nuclear division with the ascus; at X, early anaphase, nuclear membrane, NM, still persisting; R, kinoplasmic radiations from the poles; at Y, telophase, new nuclear membrane not yet formed; Z, a later stage where the nuclear membranes demark the daughter nuclei." -Stevens, 1916

E. Communis Cell

"Free cell formation of spores in the ascus of Erysiphe communis. A, ascus with single nucleus; C, cytoplasm;…

"Different forms of epidermal outgrowths. 1, hooked hair from Phaseolus multiflorus; 2, climbing hair from stem of Humulus Lupulus; 3, rod-like wax coating from the stem of Saccharum offininarum; 4, climbing hair of Lossa hispida; 5, stinging hair of Urtica urens." -Stevens, 1916

Epidermal Outgrowths

"Different forms of epidermal outgrowths. 1, hooked hair from Phaseolus multiflorus; 2, climbing hair…

"B, cross section through skin of apple." -Stevens, 1916

Apple Epidermis

"B, cross section through skin of apple." -Stevens, 1916

"A, portion of cross section of leaf of Avicennia growing in salty soil; outer wall of epidermis very thick." -Stevens, 1916

Avicennia Epidermis

"A, portion of cross section of leaf of Avicennia growing in salty soil; outer wall of epidermis very…

"Cross section of a portion of leaf of Ficus elastica showing the multiple epidermis from e to a inclusive; c, cystolith; b, palisade parenchyma; d, spongy parenchyma." -Stevens, 1916

F. Elastica Epidermis

"Cross section of a portion of leaf of Ficus elastica showing the multiple epidermis from e to a inclusive;…

"D, upper, and E, lower epidermis of leaf of Hibiscus moscheutos." -Stevens, 1916

H. Moscheutos Epidermis

"D, upper, and E, lower epidermis of leaf of Hibiscus moscheutos." -Stevens, 1916

"C, cross section through upper half of petal of Japan Quince." -Stevens, 1916

Japan Quince Epidermis

"C, cross section through upper half of petal of Japan Quince." -Stevens, 1916

"Multiple epidermis of leaf of mangrove in cross section. This serves as a water reservoir, and the relatively thick walls of the inner cells reenforce the protective power of the outer layer." -Stevens, 1916

Multiple Epidermis

"Multiple epidermis of leaf of mangrove in cross section. This serves as a water reservoir, and the…