"A suborder of the natural order <em> Conifer&aelig;</em>, distinguished by bearing strobiles (cones) with two inverted ovules at the base of each scale, which become ovules at the base of each scale, which become winged samaroid seeds."-Wright, 1902

Abietineæ

"A suborder of the natural order Coniferæ, distinguished by bearing strobiles (cones)…

Embryo of Abronia umbellata; one of the cotyledons very small.

Abronia

Embryo of Abronia umbellata; one of the cotyledons very small.

"Nelsonia campestris. 1. flowers; 2. pistil; 3. capsule; 4. cross section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Acanthus

"Nelsonia campestris. 1. flowers; 2. pistil; 3. capsule; 4. cross section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

"Bixa orellana. 1. a pistil and two stamens; 2. a cross section of the ovary; 3. a ripe fruit. 4. a cross section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Achiote

"Bixa orellana. 1. a pistil and two stamens; 2. a cross section of the ovary; 3. a ripe fruit. 4. a…

The seed or fruit of an oak.

Acorn

The seed or fruit of an oak.

Half of an acorn, cut lengthwise, filled by the very thick cotyledons, the base of which encloses the minute caulicle.

Acorn

Half of an acorn, cut lengthwise, filled by the very thick cotyledons, the base of which encloses the…

An acorn from a dicotyledon.

Acorn

An acorn from a dicotyledon.

An illustration of an acorn.

Acorn

An illustration of an acorn.

A cross-section of an acorn.

Cross-section of an acorn

A cross-section of an acorn.

A longitudinal section of an acorn, showing two cotyledons and the embryo.

Longitudinal section of an acorn

A longitudinal section of an acorn, showing two cotyledons and the embryo.

"&AElig;sculus Hippocastanum (a, flower; b, seed; c, seed cut longitudinally."-Whitney, 1902

Aesculus

"Æsculus Hippocastanum (a, flower; b, seed; c, seed cut longitudinally."-Whitney, 1902

"Anona furfuracea. 1. an expanded flower; 2. a vertical section of male and female apparatus, which latter occupies the centre; 3. a vertical section of a carpel; 4. ditto of a ripe seed, showing the ruminated albumen and embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Annona

"Anona furfuracea. 1. an expanded flower; 2. a vertical section of male and female apparatus, which…

"1. Aretia Vitaliana; 2. a flower cut open; 3. the pistil; 4. a vertical section of the latter, showing the free central placenta; 5. a section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Aretia

"1. Aretia Vitaliana; 2. a flower cut open; 3. the pistil; 4. a vertical section of the latter, showing…

"Triglochin palustre. 1. A flower; 3. a ripe fruit; 4. one ripe carpel opened and exhibiting a seed; 5. embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Arrowgrass

"Triglochin palustre. 1. A flower; 3. a ripe fruit; 4. one ripe carpel opened and exhibiting a seed;…

Arum maculatum: "A single fruit divided vertically, so as to show the seeds in situ. A perpendicular section of one of the seeds." -Lindley, 1853

Wild Arum Fruit and Seed

Arum maculatum: "A single fruit divided vertically, so as to show the seeds in situ. A perpendicular…

"1. Spathe of Arum maculatum; 2. its spadix loaded with flowers; 3. an anther; 4. a transverse section of an ovary; 5. a cluster of ripe fruits; 6. a seed; 7. a section of the same, showing the embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Wild Arum

"1. Spathe of Arum maculatum; 2. its spadix loaded with flowers; 3. an anther; 4. a transverse section…

"Athamanta cervariaefolia. 1. a separate flower, with hairy petals; 2. a petal by itself; 3. a ripe fruit with the two carpels or mericarps separating from the double carpopod or axis; 4. a seed deprived of its integuments, and divided vertically, so as to show the position of the embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Athamantha

"Athamanta cervariaefolia. 1. a separate flower, with hairy petals; 2. a petal by itself; 3. a ripe…

Section of a seed of Barberry, showing the straight embryo in the middle of the albumen.

Barberry

Section of a seed of Barberry, showing the straight embryo in the middle of the albumen.

"Berberis vulgaris. 1. stamen; 2. perpendicular section of a pistil with one stamen and one petal adhering; 3. cross section of the fruit; 4. 5. perpendicular section of the seed of B. bulgaris and B. Aquifolium." -Lindley, 1853

European Barberry

"Berberis vulgaris. 1. stamen; 2. perpendicular section of a pistil with one stamen and one petal adhering;…

Showing the various stages of development of a bean plant.

Life cycle of the bean

Showing the various stages of development of a bean plant.

"Callicarpa longifolia. 1. flower opened longitudinally; 2. part of fruit of C. americana; 3. its seed." -Lindley, 1853

Beautyberry

"Callicarpa longifolia. 1. flower opened longitudinally; 2. part of fruit of C. americana; 3. its seed."…

A Beech-nut, cut across.

Beech-nut

A Beech-nut, cut across.

Beginning germination of the Beech, showing the plumule growing before the cotyledons have opened or the root has scarcely formed.

Beech-nut Germination

Beginning germination of the Beech, showing the plumule growing before the cotyledons have opened or…

Older beech with the plumule-leaves developing, and elevated on a long internodes.

Beech-nut Germination Older

Older beech with the plumule-leaves developing, and elevated on a long internodes.

"Casuarina female; 2. male; 3. male flower; 4. female flower; 5. the ripe valves of the calyx, from which the fruit has been taken; 6. a section of the half ripe ovary; 7. a section of the fruit showing the seed and embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Beefwood

"Casuarina female; 2. male; 3. male flower; 4. female flower; 5. the ripe valves of the calyx, from…

"Wahlenbergia procumbens. 1. an entire flower; 2. stamens; 3. a stigma; 4. transverse section of the ovary; 5. a vertical section of a seed, showing the embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Bellflower

"Wahlenbergia procumbens. 1. an entire flower; 2. stamens; 3. a stigma; 4. transverse section of the…

"Pistacia atlantica. 1. male flowers; 2. an ovary; 3. the same cut open to show the ovule; 4. a ripe fruit opened to show the seed; 5. a cross section of the embryo; 6. female flowers." -Lindley, 1853

Betoum

"Pistacia atlantica. 1. male flowers; 2. an ovary; 3. the same cut open to show the ovule; 4. a ripe…

"Thuja orientalis; 1. a magnified fragment of a branch bearing a cone of male flowers; 2. a portion of a female branch; 3, 4. scales with naked ovules; 5. a vertical section of a ripe seed." -Lindley, 1853

Biota

"Thuja orientalis; 1. a magnified fragment of a branch bearing a cone of male flowers; 2. a portion…

Illustrated are seed berries of blue cohosh. Blue cohosh is the common name of caulophyllum thalictrioides.

Blue Cohosh

Illustrated are seed berries of blue cohosh. Blue cohosh is the common name of caulophyllum thalictrioides.

Kentucky blue-grass, grown from a single seed. Strongly stoloniferous.

Kentucky bue-grass

Kentucky blue-grass, grown from a single seed. Strongly stoloniferous.

"Vaccinium amoenum. 1. a flower; 2. a perpendicular section of it without the corolla; 3. a cross section of an ovary; 4. an anther; 5. half a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Large-Cluster Blueberry

"Vaccinium amoenum. 1. a flower; 2. a perpendicular section of it without the corolla; 3. a cross section…

"Boldoa fragrans. 1. a section of the ripe fruit; 2. the embryo shown separately." -Lindley, 1853

Boldo

"Boldoa fragrans. 1. a section of the ripe fruit; 2. the embryo shown separately." -Lindley, 1853

"Bragantia Blumei. 1. a section of its wood; 2. one of its flowers; 3. a seed; 4. the same divided perpendicularly; 5. anthers and stigma of Asarum." -Lindley, 1853

Bragantia

"Bragantia Blumei. 1. a section of its wood; 2. one of its flowers; 3. a seed; 4. the same divided perpendicularly;…

"1. fruit of Brexia madagascariensis; 2. a cross section of it; 3. a seed; 4. the same divided perpendicularly." -Lindley, 1853

Brexia

"1. fruit of Brexia madagascariensis; 2. a cross section of it; 3. a seed; 4. the same divided perpendicularly."…

"Francoa appendiculata. 1. stamens and pistil; 2. cross section of the ovary; 3. perpendicular section of the seed." -Lindley, 1853

Bridal Wreath

"Francoa appendiculata. 1. stamens and pistil; 2. cross section of the ovary; 3. perpendicular section…

Broad bean, or fava bean, seeds are a round or oval shape. There are three to eight seeds per pod. The seed is edible and is frequently used in cooking.

Broad Bean Seed

Broad bean, or fava bean, seeds are a round or oval shape. There are three to eight seeds per pod. The…

"Anoplanthus uniflorus. 1. a flower cut open; 2. a section of the ovary; 3. a seed; 4. the section of it to show the embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Naked Broomrape

"Anoplanthus uniflorus. 1. a flower cut open; 2. a section of the ovary; 3. a seed; 4. the section of…

A Florida plant, the buckwheat tree: "Mylocaryum ligustrinum. 1. a flower; 2. stamens; 3. ovary; 4. section of seed." -Lindley, 1853

Buckwheat Tree

A Florida plant, the buckwheat tree: "Mylocaryum ligustrinum. 1. a flower; 2. stamens; 3. ovary; 4.…

"Scirpus lacustris. 1. A flower surrounded with hypogynous bristles; 2. a seed; 3, a section of it, showing the lenticular embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Bulrush

"Scirpus lacustris. 1. A flower surrounded with hypogynous bristles; 2. a seed; 3, a section of it,…

"Typha latifolia; 2, its fruit; 3, a section of the seed; 4, the embryo; 5, a stamen." -Lindley, 1853

Common Bulrush

"Typha latifolia; 2, its fruit; 3, a section of the seed; 4, the embryo; 5, a stamen." -Lindley, 1853

"Brunia japonica. 1. a flower; 2. a perpendicular section of the pistil; 3. a head of fruit; 4. a section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Butttonbush

"Brunia japonica. 1. a flower; 2. a perpendicular section of the pistil; 3. a head of fruit; 4. a section…

"Byrsanthus Brownii. 1. diagram of the flower; 2. section of a flower; 3. section across the ovary; 4. section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Byrsanthus

"Byrsanthus Brownii. 1. diagram of the flower; 2. section of a flower; 3. section across the ovary;…

Illustrated are seeds of cacti. The seeds are (1) mamillaria, (2) cereus, (3) flat-jointed opuntias, (4) echinocereus, and (5) cylindrical opuntias.

Seeds of Cacti

Illustrated are seeds of cacti. The seeds are (1) mamillaria, (2) cereus, (3) flat-jointed opuntias,…

"Cereus speciosissimus. 1. section of the fruit of Opuntia deillenii; 2. of the seed; 3. section of seed of Mammillaria." -Lindley, 1853

Cactus

"Cereus speciosissimus. 1. section of the fruit of Opuntia deillenii; 2. of the seed; 3. section of…

"Calathea villosa; 1. a flower cut open; 2. a transverse section of the ovary; 3. a perpendicular section of it; 4. a section of the seed of Canna; 5. a section of its embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Calathea

"Calathea villosa; 1. a flower cut open; 2. a transverse section of the ovary; 3. a perpendicular section…

"Calla palustris; 1. a flower; 2. a section of the ovary; 3. a perpendicular section of the ripe fruit; 4. a seed; 5. its longitudinal section." -Lindley, 1853

Marsh Calla

"Calla palustris; 1. a flower; 2. a section of the ovary; 3. a perpendicular section of the ripe fruit;…

An illustration of a Calystegia sepium seed cut lengthwise showing the embryo.  Calystegia sepium (Larger Bindweed, Hedge Bindweed, or Rutland beauty) is a species of bindweed, with a subcosmopolitan distribution throughout temperate Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, northwestern Africa, and North America, and in the temperate Southern Hemisphere in Australia, and Argentina in South America.

Calystegia Sepium Seed

An illustration of a Calystegia sepium seed cut lengthwise showing the embryo. Calystegia sepium (Larger…

"Casearia grandiflora. 1. part of a calyx split open; 2. the pistil half grown; 3. section across the ovary; 4. section of seed; 5. seed; 6. aril, removed from the seed." -Lindley, 1853

Casearia

"Casearia grandiflora. 1. part of a calyx split open; 2. the pistil half grown; 3. section across the…

"Centrolepis fascicularis. 1. A head of flowers; 2. a single flower separated; 3. an ovary with the style cut off." -Lindley, 1853

Centrolepis

"Centrolepis fascicularis. 1. A head of flowers; 2. a single flower separated; 3. an ovary with the…

The word cherry refers to a fleshy fruit (drupe) that contains a single stony seed.

Cherry

The word cherry refers to a fleshy fruit (drupe) that contains a single stony seed.

Embryo of Cherry,(Gray, 1858).

Cherry Embryo

Embryo of Cherry,(Gray, 1858).

"Drupe. b, stony wall of the putamen, inclosing the seed." -Whitney, 1911

Cherry Section

"Drupe. b, stony wall of the putamen, inclosing the seed." -Whitney, 1911

"Cistus Berthelotianus. 1. a vertical section of ovary and calyx; 2. a seed cut through; the pointed end being the true apex." -Lindley, 1853

Cistus

"Cistus Berthelotianus. 1. a vertical section of ovary and calyx; 2. a seed cut through; the pointed…

"A genus of plants of the natural order ranuculaceae having four colored sepals, no corolla, and fruit numerous one-seeded achaenia with long- generally feathery- awns. The species are pretty numerous, herbs or shrubs, generally with climbing stems, natives of very different climates, and much scattered over the world." &mdash; Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Clematis

"A genus of plants of the natural order ranuculaceae having four colored sepals, no corolla, and fruit…

A species of peas that profusely covered with pods. The pods have one of the sweetest flavors of the varieties.

Rawson's Clipper

A species of peas that profusely covered with pods. The pods have one of the sweetest flavors of the…

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) are the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae. Cloves are native to Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisine all over the world. The name derives from French clou, a nail, as the buds vaguely resemble small irregular nails in shape. Cloves are harvested primarily in Indonesia, Madagascar, and Zanzibar, ; it is also grown in India called Lavang , Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The clove tree is an evergreen which grows to a height ranging from 10-20 m, having large oval leaves and crimson flowers in numerous groups of terminal clusters. The flower buds are at first of a pale color and gradually become green, after which they develop into a bright red, when they are ready for collecting. Cloves are harvested when 1.5-2 cm long, and consist of a long calyx, terminating in four spreading sepals, and four unopened petals which form a small ball in the centre.

Clove Plant and Seed

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) are the aromatic dried…

An illustration of a single cocoanut seed. Although coconut meat contains less fat than other dry nuts such as almonds, it is noted for its high amount of saturated fat.Approximately 90% of the fat found in coconut meat is saturated, a proportion exceeding that of foods such as lard, butter, and tallow. However, there has been some debate as to whether or not the saturated fat in coconuts is healthier than the saturated fat found in other foods. Coconut meat also contains less sugar and more protein than popular fruits such as bananas, apples and oranges, and it is relatively high in minerals such as iron, phosphorus and zinc.

Cocoanut Seed

An illustration of a single cocoanut seed. Although coconut meat contains less fat than other dry nuts…

"Adenocarpus frankenioides. 1. the standard, wings, and keel split open; 2. the stamens; 3. a cross section of a seed; 4. a legume, with a portion of one of the valves turned back." -Lindley, 1853

Codeso del Pico

"Adenocarpus frankenioides. 1. the standard, wings, and keel split open; 2. the stamens; 3. a cross…

The Kentucky Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus) is a tree in the Fabaceae family of legumes. It was also known as the synonym Gymnocladus Canadensis. "a, part of male flwer, showing stamens; b, fruit; c, seed." -Whitney, 1911

Kentucky Coffeetree

The Kentucky Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus) is a tree in the Fabaceae family of legumes. It was also…

An portrait of Colonel Henry W. Vick who was known for his experimentation with various cotton seeds and developed the "one hundred seed".

Colonel Vick

An portrait of Colonel Henry W. Vick who was known for his experimentation with various cotton seeds…