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This human anatomy ClipArt gallery offers 265 illustrations of the central nervous system, including external and dissected views of the brain and spinal cord.

View of the nervous system of man, showing the nerve centers (brain and spinal cord) giving off nerves to supply the whole of the body.

The Nervous System

View of the nervous system of man, showing the nerve centers (brain and spinal cord) giving off nerves…

View of the nervous system in man, showing the nervous centers (the brain and the spinal near row) where the other nerves begin which provide the whole body.

Nervous System

View of the nervous system in man, showing the nervous centers (the brain and the spinal near row) where…

A representation of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerve. Labels: 1, The cerebrum. 2. The cerebellum. 3, Spinal cord. 4, The sciatic nerve. A. Distribution of the olfactory nerve. Labels: 1, 2, Nerve of smell. B. Optic Nerve. Labels: 15, Nerve of vision. C. The gustatory nerve. Labels: 1, 2, 3, 4, Branches of the nerve of taste. D. Auditory nerve. Labels: 13, Nerve of hearing.

Nervous System

A representation of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerve. Labels: 1, The cerebrum. 2. The cerebellum.…

The human nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves. Labels: A, cerebrum; B, cerebellum.

Nervous System

The human nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves. Labels: A, cerebrum; B, cerebellum.

"Part of the nervous system viewed in front." —Davison, 1910

Nervous System

"Part of the nervous system viewed in front." —Davison, 1910

Diagram of nervous system. Labels: a, a, cortex of cerebral hemispheres; b, b, cell body and dendrites of upper motor neuron, situated in cerebral cortex; b', axon of upper motor neuron, branching at its termination near the dendrites of lower motor neuron, situated in the ventral horn of gray matter in the spinal cord; B', axon of lower motor neuron passing to its termination in a voluntary muscle fiber B"; C, cell body and dendrites of supper sensory neuron, situated in the medulla oblongata; C'C', axons of upper sensory neurons, terminating in cortex; c, cell body of lower sensory neuron situated in the dorsal root ganglion; c''', dendrite of lower motor neuron, conducting impulses from the periphery to the central nervous system; c", long axon of lower sensory neuron, conducting impulses toward the brain; c', short axon of lower sensory neuron, conducting impulses direct to ventral horn. (For the sake of simplicity the connection with the cerebellum are omitted.)

Nervous System Diagram

Diagram of nervous system. Labels: a, a, cortex of cerebral hemispheres; b, b, cell body and dendrites…

A neuron or nerve cell.

Neuron

A neuron or nerve cell.

Diagram of typical neuron.

Neuron

Diagram of typical neuron.

Diagram of nerve cell of type II, in which axone is not prolonged as nerve fiber.

Neuron

Diagram of nerve cell of type II, in which axone is not prolonged as nerve fiber.

A neuron from the cerebral cortex. The axis-cylinder process, dendrites and collaterals are marked 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

Neuron from the Cerebral Cortex

A neuron from the cerebral cortex. The axis-cylinder process, dendrites and collaterals are marked 1,…

Nerve cells of human spinal cord stained to show Nissl bodies. Labels: D, dendrites; A, axons; C, implantation cone; N, nucleus; M, nucleolus.

Neuron of Spinal Cord

Nerve cells of human spinal cord stained to show Nissl bodies. Labels: D, dendrites; A, axons; C, implantation…

Showing some varieties of cell bodies of neurons. A, Unipolar (amacrine) cell from retina; B, Bipolar cell from vestibular ganglion; C, Multipolar cell, with long axon, from spinal cord; D, Golgi cell with short axon breaking up into numerous terminal twigs; E, pyramidal cell from cerebral cortex; a, Axon; clt., collaterals; t, telodendria.

Variety of the Cell Bodies of Neurons

Showing some varieties of cell bodies of neurons. A, Unipolar (amacrine) cell from retina; B, Bipolar…

Several fibers of a bundle of medullated nerve fibers acted upon by silver nitrate to show peculiar behavior of nodes of Ranvier, N, towards this reagent. The silver has penetrated at the nodes, and has stained the axis cylinder, M, for a short distance. S, the white substance.

Behavior of the Nodes of Ranvier

Several fibers of a bundle of medullated nerve fibers acted upon by silver nitrate to show peculiar…

Diagram to illustrate the development of the opercula which cover the insula. A, Sylian fossa before opercula begin to form. B, Fronto-paretal and temporal opercula wells advances. C, All the four opercula developed but not in opposition. Labels: F.P., fronto-parietal operculum; T, temporal operculum; F.R., frontal wall of fossa; O.R., orbital wall of fossa; F., frontal operculum; O, orbital operculum; s2, anterior horizontal limb of Sylvian fissure; s3, ascending limb; s4, posterior horizontal limb.

Development of the Opercula

Diagram to illustrate the development of the opercula which cover the insula. A, Sylian fossa before…

The optic thalamus is the principle object in the forebrain. It is a large ovoid mass of gray matter, which lies obliquely across the path of the crus cerebri as it ascends into the cerebrum.Shown is the two optic thalami as seen from above.

Optic Thalami

The optic thalamus is the principle object in the forebrain. It is a large ovoid mass of gray matter,…

Mesial section through the pituitary region in a child of twelve months old.

Pituitary Region in a Child

Mesial section through the pituitary region in a child of twelve months old.

Mesial section through the pituitary region in an adult.

Pituitary Region in an Adult

Mesial section through the pituitary region in an adult.

Diagram of a longitudinal section through the pons, showing the relation of the nuclei for the ocular muscles. CQ, corpora quadrigemina; 3, third nerve; II I, its nucleus; 4, forth nerve; IV, its nucleus, the posterior part of the third; 6, sixth nerve. The probable position of the center and nerve fibers for accommodation is show at a and a' for the reflex action of iris, at b, and b'; for the external rectus muscles, at c, c'. The lines beneath the floor of the forth ventricle indicate fibers, which connect the nuclei.

Pons

Diagram of a longitudinal section through the pons, showing the relation of the nuclei for the ocular…

Ventral or anterior surface of the pons Varolii, and medulla oblongata. Labels: a, anterior pyramids; b, their decussation; c, olivary bodies; d, restiform bodies; e, arciform fibers; f, fibers passing from the anterior column of the cord to the cerebellum; g, anterior column of the spinal cord; h, lateral column; p, pons Varolii; i, its upper fibers; 5, roots of the fifth pair of nerves.

Anterior Surface of the Pons Varolii and Medulla Oblongata

Ventral or anterior surface of the pons Varolii, and medulla oblongata. Labels: a, anterior pyramids;…

Dorsal or posterior surface of the pons Varolii, corpus quadrigemina, and medulla oblongata. The peduncles of the cerebellum are cut shot at the side. Labels: a, the upper pair of corpora quadrigemina; b, the lower; f, superior peduncles of the cerebellum; c, eminence connected with the nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve; e, that of the glosso-pharyngeal nerve; i, that of the vagus nerve; d, restiform bodies; p, posterior pyramids; v, groove in the middle of the fourth ventricle ending below in the calamus scriptorius; 7, roots of the auditory nerve.

Dorsal Surface of the Pons Varolii

Dorsal or posterior surface of the pons Varolii, corpus quadrigemina, and medulla oblongata. The peduncles…

Section through the lower part of the human pons varolii immediately above the medulla.

Section Through Pons Varolii

Section through the lower part of the human pons varolii immediately above the medulla.

Section across the pons, about the middle of fourth ventricle. py., pyramidal bundles; po., transverse fibers passing po1, behind, po2, in front of py.; r., raphe; o.s., superior olive; a.V., bundles of ascending root of V. nerve enclosed in a prolongation of the substance of Rolando; VI., the sixth nerve, nVI., its nucleus; VII., facial nerve; VIII., auditory nerve, n.VIII., lateral nucleus of the auditory.

Section across the Pons

Section across the pons, about the middle of fourth ventricle. py., pyramidal bundles; po., transverse…

The pons is composed chiefly of transverse fibers arranged in coarse bundles, longitudinal fibers gathered in compact bundles, and diffusely scattered masses of gray substance among the fiber bundles, the nuclei pontis. Shown is a section of the pons at its middle, showing trapezoid body.

Section of the Pons

The pons is composed chiefly of transverse fibers arranged in coarse bundles, longitudinal fibers gathered…

The pons is composed chiefly of transverse fibers arranged in coarse bundles, longitudinal fibers gathered in compact bundles, and diffusely scattered masses of gray substance among the fiber bundles, the nuclei pontis. Shown is a section of the pons near its junction with the midbrain.

Section of the Pons

The pons is composed chiefly of transverse fibers arranged in coarse bundles, longitudinal fibers gathered…

Two purkinje cells from silver preparation of cerebellar cortex; A, side view; B, cell in profile; a, axon.

Purkinje Cell

Two purkinje cells from silver preparation of cerebellar cortex; A, side view; B, cell in profile; a,…

Purkinjean cell from human cerebellum, as seen in a plane transverse to the long axis of a cerebellar folium. Labels: a, axon; clt., collaterals.

Purkinjean Cell from Cerebellum

Purkinjean cell from human cerebellum, as seen in a plane transverse to the long axis of a cerebellar…

Transverse section through a cerebellar folium. Labels: A, axon of cell Purkinje; F, moss fibers; K and K', fibers from the white core of folium ending in molecular layer in connection with the dendrites of the cells of Purkinje; M, small cell of the molecular layer; GR, granule cell; M1, basket cell; ZK, basket work around the cells of Purkinje; GL, neuroglial cell; N, axon of an association cell.

Sagittal Section Through Cerebellar Folium

Transverse section through a cerebellar folium. Labels: A, axon of cell Purkinje; F, moss fibers; K…

Diagram showing the layers of the scalp and membranes of the brain in section. Labels: a, skin; b, subcutaneous tissue with hair roots and vessels; c, epicranius; d, subepicranial layer; e, pericranium; fm parietal bone; g, dura mater; k, arachnoid; l, pia mater; m, cortex; n, in subdural space near a Pacchionian body projecting within the superior longitudinal sinus.

Layers of the Scalp and Membrane of the Brain

Diagram showing the layers of the scalp and membranes of the brain in section. Labels: a, skin; b, subcutaneous…

The base of the skull viewed from above. Three Fossae are recognized -the Anterior, Middle, and Posterior Fossae of the Skull.

Base of the Skull

The base of the skull viewed from above. Three Fossae are recognized -the Anterior, Middle, and Posterior…

Diagram if the spinal origin of the spinal accessory nerve.

Spinal Accessory Nerve

Diagram if the spinal origin of the spinal accessory nerve.

The conus and medullaris and the filum terminale exposed within the spinal canal.

Sacral Region of Spinal Canal

The conus and medullaris and the filum terminale exposed within the spinal canal.

A section of the brain and spinal column. Labels: 1, The cerebrum (large brain). 2, The cerebellum (small brain). 3, The Medulla Oblongata. 4, The spinal cord in its canal.

The Spinal Column and Brain

A section of the brain and spinal column. Labels: 1, The cerebrum (large brain). 2, The cerebellum (small…

"Magnified view of transverse section of the spinal cord through the middle of the Lumbad Enlargement: showing, on the right side, the course of the Nerve-roots, and on the left, the position of the principal tracts of Vesicular Matter. A, anterior columns; P, posterior columns; L, lateral columns; a, anterior median fissure; p, posterior median fissure; b, anterior roots of spinal nerves; c, posterior roots; d, tracts of vesicular matter in anterior column; e, tracts of vesicular matter in posterior column; f, spinal canal." — Chambers, 1881

Spinal Cord

"Magnified view of transverse section of the spinal cord through the middle of the Lumbad Enlargement:…

The spinal cord.

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord.

Portion of the spinal cord. 1: Body of cord; 2: A spinal nerve from left side of cord; 3: Anterior roots of a nerve; 4: Posterior roots.

Spinal Cord

Portion of the spinal cord. 1: Body of cord; 2: A spinal nerve from left side of cord; 3: Anterior roots…

Diagrammatic view from before of the spinal cord and medulla oblongata, including the roots of the spinal and some of the cranial nerves, and on one side of the gangliated chain of the sympathetic. The spinal nerves are enumerated in order on the right side of the figure. Labels: Br, brachial plexus; Cr, anterior crural, O, obturator, and Ss, great sciatic nerves, coming off from lumbo-sacral plexus; x, x, filum terminale; a,b,c, superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia of the sympathetic, the last united with the first thoracic, d; d', the eleventh thoracic ganglion; l, the twelfth thoracic (or first lumbar); below ss, the chain of sacral ganglia.

Spinal Cord

Diagrammatic view from before of the spinal cord and medulla oblongata, including the roots of the spinal…

The spinal cord (medulla spinalis).

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord (medulla spinalis).

"Diagram of a cross-section of the spinal cord through the roots of spinal nerves. c, central canal; d.f., dorsal fissure; d.r., dorsal root of spinal nerve arising from the dorsal horn of the gray matter (g); gn., ganglion on the dorsal root; n, spinal nerve; v.f., ventral fissure; v.r., ventral root of the spinal nerve, arising from the ventral horn of the gray matter; w., white matter." -Galloway, 1915

Spinal Cord

"Diagram of a cross-section of the spinal cord through the roots of spinal nerves. c, central canal;…

The spinal cord is a double cord, the two halves being joined by a narrow portion, but the outside sheath of connective tissue gives it the appearance of being single.

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is a double cord, the two halves being joined by a narrow portion, but the outside sheath…

The spinal cord and medulla oblongata. Labels: A, from the ventral, and B, from the dorsal aspect; C to H, cross-sections at different levels.

The Spinal Cord and Medulla Oblongata

The spinal cord and medulla oblongata. Labels: A, from the ventral, and B, from the dorsal aspect; C…

Diagrams of spinal cord and nerve roots. Labels: A, a small portion of the cord seen from the ventral side; B, the same seen laterally; C, a cross-section of the cord; D, the two roots of a spinal nerve; 1, anterior (ventral) fissure; 2, posterior (dorsal) fissure; 3, surface groove along the line of attachment of the anterior nerve roots; 4, line of origin of the posterior roots; 5, anterior root filaments of a spinal nerve; 6, posterior root filaments; 6', ganglion of the posterior root; 7, 7', the first two divisions of the nerve trunk after its formation by the union of the two roots.

Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots

Diagrams of spinal cord and nerve roots. Labels: A, a small portion of the cord seen from the ventral…

The skull and spinal canal of a child from behind with the Dura Mater slit open and ribs with the transverse processes of vertebrae dissected out.

The Position of the Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves in the Spinal Canal

The skull and spinal canal of a child from behind with the Dura Mater slit open and ribs with the transverse…

Scheme of the arrangement of the membranes of the spinal cord and the roots of the spinal nerves.

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Scheme of the arrangement of the membranes of the spinal cord and the roots of the spinal nerves.

A thin transverse section of half the spinal cord magnified about 10 diameters. Labels: 1, anterior fissure; 2, posterior fissure; 3, central canal ;8, pia mater enveloping the cord; 6,7, bands of pia mater penetrating the cord and supporting its nerve elements; 9, a posterior root; 10, bundles of an anterior root; a,b,c,d,e, groups of nerve cells in the gray matter.

Spinal Cord Section

A thin transverse section of half the spinal cord magnified about 10 diameters. Labels: 1, anterior…

Diagrammatic transverse section of the spinal cord showing the conduction paths.

Section of the Spinal Cord

Diagrammatic transverse section of the spinal cord showing the conduction paths.

Diagram of spinal cord as seen from behind.

Spinal Cord Seen from Behind

Diagram of spinal cord as seen from behind.

Different views of a portion of the spinal cord from the cervical region, with roots of the nerves slightly enlarged. Labels: In A, the anterior surface of the specimen is shown, the anterior nerve root of its right side being divided: in B, a view of the right side is given; in C, the upper surface is shown; in E, the nerve roots and ganglion are shown from below; 1, the anterior median fissure; 2, posterior median fissure; 3, anterior lateral depression, over which the anterior nerve roots are seen to spread; 4, posterior lateral groove, into which the posterior roots are seen to sink; 5, anterior roots passing the ganglion; 5', in A, the anterior root divided; 6, the posterior roots, the fibers of which pass into the ganglion 6'; 7, the united or compound nerve; 7', the posterior primary branch, seen in A and D to be derived in part from the anterior and in part from the posterior root.

Different View of the Spinal Cord

Different views of a portion of the spinal cord from the cervical region, with roots of the nerves slightly…

Lowered end of the spinal cord and the cauda equina, dorsal aspect. The dorsal roots of the right side have been removed.

Lower End of the Spinal Cord

Lowered end of the spinal cord and the cauda equina, dorsal aspect. The dorsal roots of the right side…

"Diagram of a slice across the spinal cord, showing the roots of a spinal nerve to the arm on the left. The arrows show which way the messages travel. The little circles are the cut ends of fibers extending up and down the cord. Only a few of the thousands of fibers really present are here shown." —Davison, 1910

Section of Spinal Cord

"Diagram of a slice across the spinal cord, showing the roots of a spinal nerve to the arm on the left.…

"Diagrammatic section of spinal cord in cervical region."—Finley, 1917

Section of a Spinal Cord

"Diagrammatic section of spinal cord in cervical region."—Finley, 1917

Section of a spinal cord, one half of which shows the tracts of the white matter, and the other half (right) shows the position of the nerve cells in the gray matter. 7, 10, 9, and 3 are tracts of descending degeneration, 1, 4, 6, and 8, of the ascending degeneration.

Section of the Spinal Cord

Section of a spinal cord, one half of which shows the tracts of the white matter, and the other half…

Section through the conus medullaris and the cauda equina as they lie in the spinal canal.

Section Through Spinal Cord

Section through the conus medullaris and the cauda equina as they lie in the spinal canal.

Transverse section through upper part of the cervical region of the cord.

Section Through Upper Part of Spinal Cord

Transverse section through upper part of the cervical region of the cord.

Base of brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerves. Labels: V, 5th nerve; VI, 6th nerve; VII, a, facial nerve, b, auditory nerve; VIII, pneumo-gastric nerve; VIII, a, glosso-pharyngeal, b, spinal accessory; IX, hypoglossal; c1-c7, cervical nerve root; d1-d12, dorsal nerve roots; L1-L5, lumbar nerve roots; S4-S5, 4th and 5th sacral nerves; Cocc, coccygeal nerves; B.P., brachial plexus; L.P., lumbar plexus; S.P. sacral plexus; S a, b, c, cervical sympathetic ganglia.

Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Base of Brain

Base of brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerves. Labels: V, 5th nerve; VI, 6th nerve; VII, a, facial nerve,…

Peripheral part of transverse section of spinal cord, showing nerve fibers subdivided into groups by ingrowth of subpial layer of neuroglia.

Transverse Section of Spinal Cord

Peripheral part of transverse section of spinal cord, showing nerve fibers subdivided into groups by…

Transverse section of the spinal cord. Labels: 1, 2, Spinal nerves. 3, Origin of posterior root. 4, Origin of anterior root with the commissure or bridge between the two halves. 5, Ganglion of posterior root.

Transverse Section of the Spinal Cord

Transverse section of the spinal cord. Labels: 1, 2, Spinal nerves. 3, Origin of posterior root. 4,…

Transverse section of the spinal cord at the middle of the thoracic region. The neuroglia septum has been removed from between the dorsal columns.

Transverse Section of the Spinal Cord

Transverse section of the spinal cord at the middle of the thoracic region. The neuroglia septum has…

Diagrammatic representation of a transverse section through the spinal cord. The nerve tracts in the white matter and the clusters of the nerve cells in the gray matter are shown.

Transverse Section Through Spinal Cord

Diagrammatic representation of a transverse section through the spinal cord. The nerve tracts in the…

Transverse sections of the spinal cord at different levels, twice the natural size.

Transverse Sections of Spinal Cord

Transverse sections of the spinal cord at different levels, twice the natural size.

Transverse sections of spinal cord at different levels.

Transverse Sections of Spinal Cord

Transverse sections of spinal cord at different levels.