Human Central Nervous System | ClipArt ETC

This human anatomy ClipArt gallery offers 265 illustrations of the central nervous system, including external and dissected views of the brain and spinal cord.

Diagram of the projection fibers of the cerebrum. Labels: B, motor (pyramidal) tract; C, body-sense tract; D, visual tract; E, auditory tract; F, G and H, upper, middle and lower peduncles of cerebellum; K, decussation of pyramids. Numerals refer to cranial nerves.

Projection Fibers of the Cerebrum

Diagram of the projection fibers of the cerebrum. Labels: B, motor (pyramidal) tract; C, body-sense…

The surface of the cerebrum.

Surface of the Cerebrum

The surface of the cerebrum.

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

Top View of the Cerebrum

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

Views of section of cervical cord. Labels: A, anterior surface; B, right side; C, upper surface; D, nerve roots; 1, anterior median fissure; 2, posterior median fissure; 3, anterior lateral depression; 4, posterior lateral groove; 5, anterior roots; 6, posterior roots; 6', ganglion; 7, spinal nerve; 7', posterior branch.

Sections of Cervical Spinal Cord

Views of section of cervical cord. Labels: A, anterior surface; B, right side; C, upper surface; D,…

View of the appearance of the tortuous elevations (convolutions) of the brain, seen from above.

Convolutions of the Brain

View of the appearance of the tortuous elevations (convolutions) of the brain, seen from above.

Middle vertical section of the callous body (corpus callosum). The inner left side of the brain is also seen.

Corpus Callosum

Middle vertical section of the callous body (corpus callosum). The inner left side of the brain is also…

The corpus callosum, exposed from above and the right half dissected to show the course taken by its fibers.

Corpus Collosum

The corpus callosum, exposed from above and the right half dissected to show the course taken by its…

Section through anterior corpus quadrigeminum and part of optic thalamus. Labels: s, aqueduct of Sylvius; gr. gray matter of aqueduct; c.q.s., quadrigeminal eminence; l., stratum lemnisci; o, stratum opticum; c., stratum cinereum; Th., pulvinate of optic thalamus; c.q.e., c.g.i., lateral and median corpora geniculata; br.s., br.i., superior and inferior brachia; f., fillet; p.l., posterior longitudinal bundle; r., raphe; III., third nerve, and n.III., its nucleus; l.p.p., posterior perforated space; s.n., substantia nigra, above this is the tegmentum with the circular area of the red nucleus; cr., crusta; II., optic tract; M., medullary center of hemisphere; n.c., nucleus caudatus; st., stria terminalis.

Corpus Quadrigeminum

Section through anterior corpus quadrigeminum and part of optic thalamus. Labels: s, aqueduct of Sylvius;…

Cortical Gray Matter of the Cerebrum

The five layers of the cortical gray matter of the cerebrum. 1, Superficial layer with abundance of…

The dura mater and cranial sinuses. 1, falx cerebri; 2, tentorium; 3, superior longitudinal sinus; 4, lateral sinus; 5, internal jugular vein; 6, torcular herophili; 7, inferior longitudinal sinus; 8, veins of galen; 9 and 10, superior and inferior petrosal sinus; 11, cavernous sinus; 12, circular sinus which connects the two cavernous sinuses together; 13, ophthalmic vein, from 15, the eyeball; 14, crista galli of themoid bone.

Dura Mater and Cranial Sinuses

The dura mater and cranial sinuses. 1, falx cerebri; 2, tentorium; 3, superior longitudinal sinus; 4,…

Crucial prolongation of the dura. Frontal section passing through the tentorium cerebelli. The torcular herophili is seen in the center.

Dura of the Brain

Crucial prolongation of the dura. Frontal section passing through the tentorium cerebelli. The torcular…

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in longitudinal vertical section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it all is forebrain, behind it all is hind-brain; laminaterminalis, represented by the heavy black line in upper figure; Olf, olfactory lobes; Hmp, cerebral hemispheres; ThE, thalamencephalon; Py, pituitary body; FM, foramen of Monro; CS, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; CQ, corpora quadrigemina; CC, crura cerebri; Cb, cerebellum; PV, pons Varolii; MO, medulla oblongata; I, olfactory nerves; II, optic nerves; III, point of ext from brain of the oculimotores; IV, of the pathetici; VI, of the abducentes; V-XII, origins of other cerebral nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle." -Whitney, 1911

Encephalon

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in longitudinal vertical section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it…

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in horizontal section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it all is forebrain, behind it all is hind-brain; Lt, laminaterminalis; Olf, olfactory lobes; Pn, pineal body, or conarium; M, foramen of Monro; CS, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; Cb, cerebellum; MO, medulla oblongata; I, olfactory nerves; II, optic nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle; + is in the iter e tertio ad quartum ventriculum." -Whitney, 1911

Encephalon

"Diagram of Vertebrate Encephalon ... in horizontal section. Mb, mid-brain; in front of it all is forebrain,…

Plan in outline of the encephalon, as seen from the right side. The parts are represented as separated from one another somewhat more than natural, so as to show their connections. A, cerebrum; f, g, h, its anterior middle, and posterior lobes; e, fissure of Sylvius; B, cerebellum; C, pons Varolii; D, medulla oblongata; a, peduncles of the cerebellum; C, pons Varolii; D, medulla oblongata; A, peduncles of the cerebrum; b, c, d, superior, middle, and inferior peduncles of the cerebellum.

Outline of the Encephalon

Plan in outline of the encephalon, as seen from the right side. The parts are represented as separated…

Fissure of Rolando fully opened up, so as to exhibit the interlocking gyri and deep annectant gyrus within it.

Fissure of Rolando

Fissure of Rolando fully opened up, so as to exhibit the interlocking gyri and deep annectant gyrus…

The fornix is a paired structure consisting of bilaterally symmetrical halves composed of longitudinally directed fibers which arch on each side from the region of the uncus to the corpus albicans. Shown is a diagram of the fornix.

Fornix

The fornix is a paired structure consisting of bilaterally symmetrical halves composed of longitudinally…

Profile View of Fornix

Diagrammatic profile view of the fornix.

Fourth ventricle with the medulla oblongata and the corpora quadrigemina. The roman numbers indicate superficial origins of the cranial nerves, while the other numbers indicate their deep origins, or the position of their central nuclei. 8, 8', 8", auditory nuclei nerves; t, funiculus teres; A, B, corpora quadrigemina; c.g, corpus geniculatum; p, c, pedunculus cerebri; m, c, p, middle cerebellar peduncle; s, c, p, superior cerebellar peduncle; i, c, p, inferior cerebellar peduncle; l, c, locus caeruleus; e, t, eminentia teres; a, c, ala cinerea; a, n, accessory nucleus; o, obex; c, clava; f, c, funiculus cuneatus; f, g, funiculus gracilis.

Fourth Ventricle with the Medulla Oblongata and the Corpora Quadrigemina

Fourth ventricle with the medulla oblongata and the corpora quadrigemina. The roman numbers indicate…

Section through the gray matter of the human cerebellum.

Gray Matter of Cerebellum

Section through the gray matter of the human cerebellum.

The head is the part of the body that contains the brain and the organs of the special senses.

Head

The head is the part of the body that contains the brain and the organs of the special senses.

Section of head 1 cm above orbit.

Cross Section of Head 1 cm above Orbit

Section of head 1 cm above orbit.

Section of head 2 cm above orbit.

Cross Section of Head 2 cm above Supraorbital Orbit

Section of head 2 cm above orbit.

Section of head 3 cm above supraorbital border.

Cross Section of Head 3 cm above Supraorbital Border

Section of head 3 cm above supraorbital border.

Section of head 4 cm above supraorbital border.

Cross Section of Head 4 cm above Supraorbital Border

Section of head 4 cm above supraorbital border.

Vertical middle section of head and neck showing the opening through the Eustachian tube, and its relations with the pharynx.

Head and Neck, Section of

Vertical middle section of head and neck showing the opening through the Eustachian tube, and its relations…

A vertical section of the head and neck through the mesial line, in order to show the opening of the Eustachian tube and its relation to the pharynx.

A Vertical Section of the Head and Neck

A vertical section of the head and neck through the mesial line, in order to show the opening of the…

Section of the head at supraorbital margin.

Cross Section of Head at Supraorbital Margin

Section of the head at supraorbital margin.

Exposure of the Gasserian ganglion and middle meningeal artery though a flap incision of the scalp and skull. The dura mater and brain are retracted upwards. The (*) points to the Foramen spinosum through which the middle meningeal artery passes as it enters the cranial cavity.

Incision of the Head Showing Gasserian Ganglion

Exposure of the Gasserian ganglion and middle meningeal artery though a flap incision of the scalp and…

Section of the head through lower portion of orbit.

Cross Section of Head Through Lower Portion of Orbit

Section of the head through lower portion of orbit.

Section two inches above supraorbital border. Upper surface. The (*) on right indicates subaponeurotic tissue. (*) on left indicates pia mater.

Cross Section of Head

Section two inches above supraorbital border. Upper surface. The (*) on right indicates subaponeurotic…

Frontal section of the head passing through the parietal and occipital cerebral lobes and he cerebellar hemispheres, viewed from behind.

Frontal Section of the Head

Frontal section of the head passing through the parietal and occipital cerebral lobes and he cerebellar…

Section of the head showing the greater scythe, the horizontal apophysis of the dura mater between the brain and the cerebellum and other parts under the middle line of the head.

Head, Section of

Section of the head showing the greater scythe, the horizontal apophysis of the dura mater between the…

Section through the Head and Neck on the Median Line. 1. Medulla Oblongata 2. Pons 3. Right lobe of cerebrum 4. Cerebellum in section 5. Blood vessel 6. Corpus Striatum 7. Nasal Passage 8. Nasal bone 9. Soft Palate 10. Hard Palate 11. Tongue 12. Epiglottis 13. Os Hyoides 14. Oesaphagus 15. Spinal 16. Larynx 17. Windpipe

Sectional view of the Head

Section through the Head and Neck on the Median Line. 1. Medulla Oblongata 2. Pons 3. Right lobe of…

Part of frontal section across left hippocampus and gyrus dentatus, showing arrangement of cell layers.

Frontal Section Through Hippocampus and Gyrus and Dentatus

Part of frontal section across left hippocampus and gyrus dentatus, showing arrangement of cell layers.

"The Brain is the encephalon, or center of the nervous system and the seat of consciousness and volition in man and the higher animals. Median Longitudinal Section through Head and Upper Part of Neck, to Show relation of Brain to Cranium and the Spinal Cord. <em>c,</em> cerebrum; <em>cb,</em> cerebellum; <em>sc,</em> spinal cord; <em>spc,</em> spinal column; <em>mo,</em> medulla oblongata passing, through foramen magnum, into the spinal cord; <em>pv,</em> pons Varolii; <em>cp,</em> cerebral peduncles or crura cerebri; <em>cqa,</em> anterior corpora quadrigemina; <em>cqp,</em> posterior corpora quadrigemina; <em>pg,</em> pineal gland; <em>pb,</em> pituitary body; <em>cc,</em> corpus collosum, divided transversely; <em>f,</em> fornix; <em>mg,</em> marginal gyrus; <em>gf,</em> gyrus fornicatus; <em>cmg,</em> calloso-marginal suleus; <em>O,</em> occipital lobe; <em>po,</em> parieto-occipital fissure; <em>cf,</em> calcarine fissure; <em>dm,</em>dura mater, separating cerebrum from cerebellum."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Human Brain

"The Brain is the encephalon, or center of the nervous system and the seat of consciousness and volition…

Diagrammatic representation of the internal capsule (as seen in horizontal section).

Internal Capsule

Diagrammatic representation of the internal capsule (as seen in horizontal section).

Dorsal or posterior view of the medulla, fourth ventricle, and mesencephalon. Labels: p.n., line of the posterior roots of the spinal nerves; p.m.f., posterior median fissure; f.g., funiculus gracilis; cl., its clava; f.c., funiculus cuneatus; f.R., funiculus of Rolando; r.b., restiform body; c.s., calamus scriptorius; l, section of ligula or taenia; part of choroid plexus is seen beneath t; l.r., lateral recess of the ventricle; str., striae acusticae; i.f., inferior fossa; s.f., posterior fossa; between it and the median sulcus is the fasciculus teres; cbl., cut surface of the cerebellar hemisphere; nd., central or gray matter; s.m.v., superior medullary velum; lng., ligula; s.c.p., superior cerebellar peduncle cut longitudinally; cr., combined section of the three cerebellar peduncles; c.q.s., c.q.i., corpora quadrigemina (superior and inferior); fr., fraenulum; f; f., fibers of the fillet seen on the surface of the tegmentum; c, crusti; l.g., lateral groove; c.g.i, corpus geniculum internus; th., posterior part of the thalamus; p., pineal body. The Roman numbers indicate the corresponding cranial nerves.

Medulla

Dorsal or posterior view of the medulla, fourth ventricle, and mesencephalon. Labels: p.n., line of…

Transverse section through the human medulla in the lower olivary region.

Section Through Medulla in Olivary Region

Transverse section through the human medulla in the lower olivary region.

Transverse section through the the middle of the olivary region of the human medulla or bulb.

Section Through Medulla in Olivary Region

Transverse section through the the middle of the olivary region of the human medulla or bulb.

Medulla Oblongata

"The spinal cord and medulla oblongata. A, from the ventral, and B, from the dorsal aspect; C to H,…

The medulla oblongata (brain stem).

The Medulla Oblongata

The medulla oblongata (brain stem).

Anterior or dorsal section of the medulla oblongata in the region of the superior pyramidal decussation. a.m.f, anterior median fissure; f.a., superficial arciform fibers emerging from the fissure; py., pyramid, n.ar., nuclei of arciform fibers; f.a., deep arciform becoming superficial; o, lower end of olivary nucleus; n.l., nucleus lateralis; f.r., formatio reticularis; f.a. 2, arciform fibers proceeding from the formatio reicularis; g, substantia gelatinosa of Rolando; a.V., ascending root of fifth nerve; n.c., nucleus cuneatus; n.c.', external cuneate nucleus; n.g., nucleus gracilis; f.g., funiculus gracilis; p.m.f., posterior median fissure; c., central canal surrounded by gray matter, in which are n. XI., nucleus of the spinal accessory, and n. XII., nucleus of the hypoglossal; s.d., superior pyramidal decussation.

Medulla Oblongata

Anterior or dorsal section of the medulla oblongata in the region of the superior pyramidal decussation.…

Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olivary body. f.l.a., anterior median fissure; n.ar., nucleus arciformis; p., pyramid; XII., bundle of hypoglossal nerve emerging from the surface; at b, it is seen coursing between the pyramid and the olivary nucleus, o.; f.a.e., external arciform fibers; n.l., nucleus lateralis; a., arciform fibers passing towards restiform body, partly through the substantia gelatinosa, g., partly superficial to the ascending root of the fifth nerve, a.V.; X., bundle of vagus root emerging; f.r., formatio reticularis; c.r., corpus restiform, beginning to be formed, chiefly by arciform fibers, superficial and deep; n.c., nucleus of the funiculus teres; n.am., nucleus ambiguus; r., raphe; A., continuation of the anterior column of cord; o', o", accessory olivary nucleus; p.o., pedunculus olivae.

Medulla Oblongata

Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olivary body. f.l.a., anterior median fissure;…

Section of the medulla oblongata at the pyramidal tracts.

Section of the Medulla Oblongata

Section of the medulla oblongata at the pyramidal tracts.

Section of the medulla oblongata at the lower end of the olives

Section of the Medulla Oblongata

Section of the medulla oblongata at the lower end of the olives

Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive.

Section of the Medulla Oblongata

Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive.

Transverse section through the closed part of the human medulla immediately above the decussation of the pyramids.

Transverse Section Through Closed Part of Medulla

Transverse section through the closed part of the human medulla immediately above the decussation of…

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the inferior quadrigeminal body.

Section of Mesencephalon at Inferior Quadrigeminal Body

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the inferior quadrigeminal body.

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the superior quadrigeminal body.

Section of Mesencephalon at Superior Quadrigeminal Body

Transverse section through the mesencephalon at the level of the superior quadrigeminal body.

Diagrammatic view of the cut surface of a transverse section through the upper part of the mesencephalon.

Section of Mesencephalon

Diagrammatic view of the cut surface of a transverse section through the upper part of the mesencephalon.

Section of the midbrain through the level of the inferior quadrigeminal body.

Section Through the Midbrain

Section of the midbrain through the level of the inferior quadrigeminal body.

Section of the midbrain through the level of the superior quadrigeminal body.

Section Through the Midbrain

Section of the midbrain through the level of the superior quadrigeminal body.

Transverse section of one of the trunk muscles of the Hippocampus, stained in chloride gold.

Muscle of the Hippocampus

Transverse section of one of the trunk muscles of the Hippocampus, stained in chloride gold.

Forms of nerve cells. Labels: A, from spinal ganglion; B, from ventral horn of spinal cord; C, pyramidal cell from cerebral cortex; D, Purkinje cell from cerebellar cortex; E, Golgi cell of type II from spinal cord; F, fusiform cell from cerebral cortex; G, sympathetic; a, axon; d, dendrites; c, collateral branches; ad, apical dendrites; bd, basal dendrites; c, central process; p, peripheral process.

Nerve Cells

Forms of nerve cells. Labels: A, from spinal ganglion; B, from ventral horn of spinal cord; C, pyramidal…

This illustration shows nerve cells from spinal ganglia.

Nerve Cells from Spinal Ganglia

This illustration shows nerve cells from spinal ganglia.

Nerve Ganglia (Spinal)

Nerve Ganglia, or Knots (sing. Ganglion; Knot) occur as collections of nerve cells on the course of…

"The spinal cord and nerve-roots. A, a small portion of the cord seen from the ventral side; B, the same seen laterally; C, a cross-section of the cord; D, the two roots of a spinal nerve; 1, ventral fissure; 2, dorsal fissure; 3, surface groove along the line of attachment of the ventral nerve-roots; 4, line of origin of the dorsal roots; 5, ventral root filaments of spinal nerve; 6, dorsal root filaments; 6', ganglion of the dorsal root; 7, 7', the first two divisions of the nerve-trunk after its formation by the union of the two roots. The grooves are much exaggerated." —Martin, 1917

Nerve Roots

"The spinal cord and nerve-roots. A, a small portion of the cord seen from the ventral side; B, the…

Throughout the dorsal region, the spinal cord presents a uniform girth and a very nearly circular outline when seen in transverse section. Shown is the roots and origin of the seventh dorsal nerve.

Seventh Dorsal Nerve

Throughout the dorsal region, the spinal cord presents a uniform girth and a very nearly circular outline…

The cord-like structures composed of delicate filaments by which sensation or stimulative impulses are transmitted to and from the brain and other organs.

Nerves

The cord-like structures composed of delicate filaments by which sensation or stimulative impulses are…

Nervous System

Part of the nervous system viewed from in front.

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