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(1818-1905) Representative and Senator from Texas. He served in the cabinet of Jefferson Davis as Postmaster General.

John Henninger Reagan

(1818-1905) Representative and Senator from Texas. He served in the cabinet of Jefferson Davis as Postmaster…

A tool used by joiners to hold work to the table or to secure two pieces together.

Clamp Screw

A tool used by joiners to hold work to the table or to secure two pieces together.

A tool used by joiners to hold work to the table or to secure two pieces together.

Clamp Screw

A tool used by joiners to hold work to the table or to secure two pieces together.

A strong pin, or contrivance, used to fasten or hold something in place.

Bolt

A strong pin, or contrivance, used to fasten or hold something in place.

A concave vessel to hold liquids.

Bowl

A concave vessel to hold liquids.

A frame with branches to hold a number of lights for the purpose of illumination.

Chandelier

A frame with branches to hold a number of lights for the purpose of illumination.

"The <em>trachea</em> has in its walls stiff rings of cartilage that hold it open so that the air can pass freely through it to and from the lungs. At its base the trachea divides and sends a great branch to each lung." &mdash; Ritchie, 1918

Trachea and lungs

"The trachea has in its walls stiff rings of cartilage that hold it open so that the air can…

A hand holding a tube, with one end in a bowl.

Hand with tube

A hand holding a tube, with one end in a bowl.

"The Savart wheel consists of a heavy metal toothed wheel that may be put in rapid revolution by pulling a cord wound upon its axis. Set such a wheel in rapid motion and hold the edge of a card against its teeth. As the speed of the wheel diminishes, the shrill tone produced by the rapid vibrations of the card correspondingly falls in pitch." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Savart wheel

"The Savart wheel consists of a heavy metal toothed wheel that may be put in rapid revolution by pulling…

A hand with bar demonstrating the attractive properties of static electricity.

Demonstration of Static Electricity

A hand with bar demonstrating the attractive properties of static electricity.

A hand holding a disk connected to a stick.

Hand with disk

A hand holding a disk connected to a stick.

Cotton Wagons on Elm Street, in Dallas, Texas.

Dallas

Cotton Wagons on Elm Street, in Dallas, Texas.

Court-house in Fort Worth, Texas.

Fort Worth

Court-house in Fort Worth, Texas.

"No one but a good surgeon is able to set a broken bone successfully. However, if a person with a fracture must be moved from the place of accident it is wise to hold the broken bone in place by binding firmly on either side of the fracture, wrapped in a clean cloth, a narrow board, or flat stick." &mdash;Davison, 1910

Splint

"No one but a good surgeon is able to set a broken bone successfully. However, if a person with a fracture…

"Plait the ribbon a distance from the end to allow for a streamer or bow end. Hold the plaits with the thumb and first finger of the right hand; with the left hand measure the length of the first loop; plait, and hold all plaits by twisting the second end of ribbon around them, drawing it through this twist or loop you have just made, from the direction it was taking when it formed the last loop. If you put this end through the twist from the opposite direction, no knot will be made and your bow will tumble." &mdash;Kinne, 1920

Cravat bow

"Plait the ribbon a distance from the end to allow for a streamer or bow end. Hold the plaits with the…

"For the uneven bow, measure a long loop, plait, and hold with right hand. Opposite this, measure, plait, and hold a much shorter loop. Parallel with the first loop measure, plait, and hold a loop a little shorter than the first one Opposite, measure another loop a little shorter than loop No. 2. Parallel with loop No. 1 make a fifth loop. Continue until you have as full a bow as you wish." &mdash;Kinne, 1920

Uneven bow

"For the uneven bow, measure a long loop, plait, and hold with right hand. Opposite this, measure, plait,…

Ladder bracket on the back of a ladder. These are made in various styles. Some fasten to rungs. This one attaches to the siderails. It is not, therefore, likely to depend upon a defective rung and so it is safer. They are used as shown on the outside of the ladder to hold a plank at the top of two extension ladders in painting roof cornices. It is possible to swing these brackets to a position on the under side of the ladders. There they make an excellent scaffold from which to work on a wall or window frame.

Ladder Bracket

Ladder bracket on the back of a ladder. These are made in various styles. Some fasten to rungs. This…

Ladder bracket on top rung of ladder. These are made in various styles. Some fasten to rungs. This one attaches to the siderails. It is not, therefore, likely to depend upon a defective rung and so it is safer. They are used as shown on the outside of the ladder to hold a plank at the top of two extension ladders in painting roof cornices. It is possible to swing these brackets to a position on the under side of the ladders. There they make an excellent scaffold from which to work on a wall or window frame.

Ladder Bracket

Ladder bracket on top rung of ladder. These are made in various styles. Some fasten to rungs. This one…

These hooks are of hand forged steel and are tested to stand a tensile strain of 1800 pounds. The rings in the upper ends of these cornice hooks are used to tie a rope into. The rope is then made fast to a chimney or other safe hold while the hooks rest on the cornice of the roof.

Cornice Hook

These hooks are of hand forged steel and are tested to stand a tensile strain of 1800 pounds. The rings…

A fairly flexible, flat steel blade 1 1/4 inches wide. Used for glazing- that is, placing putty on to window sash to hold the glass in place. Also a general utility tool used for cleaning and scraping off paint, dirt, etc. on all work.

Putty Knife

A fairly flexible, flat steel blade 1 1/4 inches wide. Used for glazing- that is, placing putty on to…

A missive weapon formed by a bow fixed athwart a stock in which there is a groove or barrel to direct the missile, a notch or catch to hold the string when the bow is bent, and a trigger to release it.

French Crossbow

A missive weapon formed by a bow fixed athwart a stock in which there is a groove or barrel to direct…

The official seal of the U.S. state of Texas in 1889.

Texas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Texas in 1889.

A plant whose leaves hold water.

Fuller's Teazel

A plant whose leaves hold water.

The United States seal of Texas with the Alamo in the background.

Texas

The United States seal of Texas with the Alamo in the background.

The second class Battleship Texas.

Battleship Texas

The second class Battleship Texas.

A pair of tongs used to grab and hold items.

Pinch Tongs

A pair of tongs used to grab and hold items.

The proper way to hold a pen.

Penmanship

The proper way to hold a pen.

The proper way to hold a pen.

Penmanship

The proper way to hold a pen.

The first position to be taken, when placing the hand in correct position for writing.

Penmanship

The first position to be taken, when placing the hand in correct position for writing.

The hand elevated upon the two lower fingers, with the pen placed in correct position for writing.

Penmanship

The hand elevated upon the two lower fingers, with the pen placed in correct position for writing.

Another view of the correct position to hold a pen.

Penmanship

Another view of the correct position to hold a pen.

The correct position when the pen is at the bottom of an extended letter below the line, the pen being, as shown, nearly perpendicular.

Penmanship

The correct position when the pen is at the bottom of an extended letter below the line, the pen being,…

The front view of the hand showing the position of the forefinger, which should rest squarely on the top of the holder.

Penmanship

The front view of the hand showing the position of the forefinger, which should rest squarely on the…

An incorrect way to hold a pen. The result is stiff, heavy, cramped penmanship, and rough marks.

Incorrect Penmanship

An incorrect way to hold a pen. The result is stiff, heavy, cramped penmanship, and rough marks.

An incorrect way to hold a pen. The large finger should be straightened, and the end caused to drop lightly beneath the holder.

Incorrect Penmanship

An incorrect way to hold a pen. The large finger should be straightened, and the end caused to drop…

An incorrect way to hold a pen. The result of dropping the hand too heavily upon the wrist and allowing it to roll to one side.

Incorrect Penmanship

An incorrect way to hold a pen. The result of dropping the hand too heavily upon the wrist and allowing…

An incorrect way to hold a pen. Another position when the pen is held too tightly.

Incorrect Penmanship

An incorrect way to hold a pen. Another position when the pen is held too tightly.

A pouch to hold the household silverware.

Silverware Pocket

A pouch to hold the household silverware.

"A printing frame that is well adapted to sheets not over 17 in. x 21 in. The frame is placed face downwards and the back A is removed by unhooking the brass spring clips B, B, and lifting it out. The tracing is laid on the glass C, with the inked side touching the glass. A sheet of the prepared paper, perfectly dry, is laid on the tracing with the yellow side downwards." — Hallock, 1905. The painting frame is used to hold the original in contact with the light-sensitive paper in the blueprint reproduction process.

Painting Frame

"A printing frame that is well adapted to sheets not over 17 in. x 21 in. The frame is placed face downwards…

"A genus of insects, the type of a very numerous family, which forms the order Parasita or Auoplura. The body is flattened, almost transparent; the segments both of the thorax and abdomen very distinct; the mouth is small and tubular, enclosing a sucker; there are no wings; the legs are short, and are terminated by a claw adapted for taking hold of hairs or feathers. The eyes are simple, one or two on each side of the head. All the species are small, and live parasitically, on human beings, terrestrial mammalia, and birds." &mdash; Chambers, 1881

Magnified Louse

"A genus of insects, the type of a very numerous family, which forms the order Parasita or Auoplura.…

"A massive square framework of wood, mounted on six sarp disc wheels, each about two feet in diameter, which cut deep into the ground, and on the lightest land they can hold as effectually to resist the pull of the rope which is passed around the sheave beneath." &mdash; Chambers, 1881

Fowler's Anchor

"A massive square framework of wood, mounted on six sarp disc wheels, each about two feet in diameter,…

"The anchor is represented in the position in which it lies on the ground just before taking hold. The shank is made in one forging, is of rectangular section, having a shoulder for the stock to fit against, and is increased both in thickness and area at the crown; the arms with the palms are forged in one piece, and then bent to the required shape; one of the arms is passed through a hole in the crown and is kept in position by a bolt screwed through the end of the crown, so that its point reaches a little way into an indent made for it in the round part at the back of the arms." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Martin's Anchor

"The anchor is represented in the position in which it lies on the ground just before taking hold. The…

"The Hesperidae or Skippers, so called from their jerky hesitating mode of flight, show, in the thickness of their bodies, the only partially erect way in which they hold their wings when at rest, and the enclosure of their pupa in a cacoon, a distinct approach to the other great division of the Lepidoptera." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica; 1893

Skipper

"The Hesperidae or Skippers, so called from their jerky hesitating mode of flight, show, in the thickness…

"The Hesperidae or Skippers, so called from their jerky hesitating mode of flight, show, in the thickness of their bodies, the only partially erect way in which they hold their wings when at rest, and the enclosure of their pupa in a cacoon, a distinct approach to the other great division of the Lepidoptera." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica; 1893

Skipper

"The Hesperidae or Skippers, so called from their jerky hesitating mode of flight, show, in the thickness…

"The Geometrina in the larval condition have only four prolegs, the usual number being ten, and in moving these are brought close up to the last pair of thoracic limbs, thus giving the caterpillar a looped appearance, hence the term "loopers" usually applied to these moths; they then hold on by the prolegs, and releasing those in front carry the body forward until the arched appearance is gone. They thus move by an alternate process of looping and straightening their bodies. The larva of Geometers have also the curious havit of fixing themselves by their hind feet to the branch of a shrub, throwing the remainder of their bodies out, and remaining motionless in this position for hours, thus exhibiting an enormous amount of muscular energy." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica; 1893

Geometrina

"The Geometrina in the larval condition have only four prolegs, the usual number being ten, and in moving…

"The Geometrina in the larval condition have only four prolegs, the usual number being ten, and in moving these are brought close up to the last pair of thoracic limbs, thus giving the caterpillar a looped appearance, hence the term "loopers" usually applied to these moths; they then hold on by the prolegs, and releasing those in front carry the body forward until the arched appearance is gone. They thus move by an alternate process of looping and straightening their bodies. The larva of Geometers have also the curious havit of fixing themselves by their hind feet to the branch of a shrub, throwing the remainder of their bodies out, and remaining motionless in this position for hours, thus exhibiting an enormous amount of muscular energy." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica; 1893

Geometrina

"The Geometrina in the larval condition have only four prolegs, the usual number being ten, and in moving…

"The dredges on this pattern, used in Britain for ten years after their first introduction, about the year 1838, were usually small and rather heavy, not more than 12 to 15 inches in length, by 4 or 4.5 inches in width at the mouth. Two scrapers, the length of the dredge-frame, and 1.5 to 2 inches wide, were set at an angle of about 110 degrees to the plane of the dredge's mouth, so that when the dredge was gently hauled along it took hold of the ground and secured anything loose on its surface." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Ball's Naturalists' Dredge

"The dredges on this pattern, used in Britain for ten years after their first introduction, about the…

A vice used to hold wood in place.

Vice

A vice used to hold wood in place.

A form of pen used for drawing lines of even thickness. It commonly consists of two blades which hold ink between them. The distance apart of the points being adjusted by a screw to conform to the desired width of the line.

Ruling Pen

A form of pen used for drawing lines of even thickness. It commonly consists of two blades which hold…

"Probably no other insect has been the subject of so many and widespread legends and superstitions as the common "praying mantis," Mantis religiosa. The ancient Greeks endowed it with supernatural powers; the Turks and Arabs hold that it prays constantly with its face turned towards the mecca; the Provencals call it Prega-Diou; and numerous more or less similar names &mdash;preacher, saint, nun, medicant, soothsayer, etc., widely diffused throughout southern Europe. Children ask it to show them the way, and Mouffet assures us that it rarely or never deceives them; and it is even recorded that one specimen, which aligted on the hand of St. Francis Xavier, and which he commanded to sing the praise of God, loudly intoned a very beautiful canticle." &mdash;The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Praying Mantis

"Probably no other insect has been the subject of so many and widespread legends and superstitions as…

Tips of a tendril, showing the disks by which they hold fast to walls.

Virginia Creeper Tendrils

Tips of a tendril, showing the disks by which they hold fast to walls.

The site of the historic 1836 battle in Texas.

The Alamo

The site of the historic 1836 battle in Texas.

(1793-1836) Known as the "Father of Texas," he led the Anglo-American colonization of the region.

Stephen F. Austin

(1793-1836) Known as the "Father of Texas," he led the Anglo-American colonization of the region.

(1793-1863) 19th century American politician who was a key figure in the history of Texas and President of the Republic of Texas, Senator of Texas, and Governor of Texas.

Sam Houston

(1793-1863) 19th century American politician who was a key figure in the history of Texas and President…

An example of Native American picture writing. One interpretation: "The chiefs Black Wolf, Raven, Fast Bear, and Standing Bear hold a war council round the fire where grass was high. They dig up the hatchet, have plenty of arrows, and start on foot to a Cheyenne village (cut arm, Cheyenne sign) on Beaver Creek, where they expect to have a fight, and stampede the herd of fat ponies." &mdash;Scott, 1884

Picture Writing

An example of Native American picture writing. One interpretation: "The chiefs Black Wolf, Raven, Fast…

The basis for funding for the college was established by the Morrill Act, passed by the US Congress in 1862, which provides for donation of public land (land grants) to the states. The land could then be sold at public auction to establish a permanent fund to support a college where the "leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and mechanical arts...in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life."

Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas

The basis for funding for the college was established by the Morrill Act, passed by the US Congress…

John Tyler, the tenth president of the United States.

John Tyler

John Tyler, the tenth president of the United States.

"Get a lamp-chimney, preferably cylindrical. With a diamond or a steel glass-cutter, cut a disk of window glass a little larger than the cross-section of the lamp-chimney. Pour some fine emery powder on the disk, and rub one end of the chimney upon it, thus grinding them until they fit accurately...place [the chimney] under the water as shown. the upward pressure of the water will hold the disk in place. Pour water carefully into the tube; the disk will fall as soon as the weight of the water in the chimney plus the weight of th disk, exceeds the upward pressure of the water." -Avery 1895

Water Pressure Experiment

"Get a lamp-chimney, preferably cylindrical. With a diamond or a steel glass-cutter, cut a disk of window…

"From one end of a scale-beam, suspend a cylindrical metal bucket, b, with a solid cylinder, a, that fits accurately into it hanging below. Conterpoise with weights (shot or sand) in the opposite scale-pan. Immerse a in water, and the counterpoise will descend, as if a had lost some of its weight. Carefully fill b with water. It will hold exactly the quantity displaced by a. Equilibrium will be restored." -Avery 1895

Archimedies Principle

"From one end of a scale-beam, suspend a cylindrical metal bucket, b, with a solid cylinder, a, that…

"Tie one end of a soft cotton rope about 20 feet long to a fixed support, and hold the other end in the hand. Move the hand up and down with a quick, sudden motion, so as to set up a series of waves in the rope, as shown, in which each curved line may be considered an instantaneous photograph of a rope thus shaken." -Avery 1895

Form of Waves

"Tie one end of a soft cotton rope about 20 feet long to a fixed support, and hold the other end in…