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Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants. Pictured here is the propagation of plants through cutting.

Leaf Cuttings

Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants. Pictured here is…

The leaf of Common Box (Buxus sempervirens) showing emarginations.

Common Box

The leaf of Common Box (Buxus sempervirens) showing emarginations.

An illustration of a disk-floret of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. The flower heads are normally rayed, completely yellow, and the heads are borne in branched clusters. Though of late the genus has been reviewed and split up, it still contains a vast number of species (about 1,500) of extremely wide form including leaf succulents, stem and tuber succulents, annuals, perennials, aquatic forms, climbers, shrubs and small trees. Some species produce natural pesticides (especially alkaloids) to deter or even kill animals that would eat them.

Disk-floret of the Senecio

An illustration of a disk-floret of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae)…

An longitudinal section view of a disk-floret of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. The flower heads are normally rayed, completely yellow, and the heads are borne in branched clusters. Though of late the genus has been reviewed and split up, it still contains a vast number of species (about 1,500) of extremely wide form including leaf succulents, stem and tuber succulents, annuals, perennials, aquatic forms, climbers, shrubs and small trees. Some species produce natural pesticides (especially alkaloids) to deter or even kill animals that would eat them.

Disk-floret of the Senecio (Longitudinal Section)

An longitudinal section view of a disk-floret of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy…

An illustration of a ray-floret of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. The flower heads are normally rayed, completely yellow, and the heads are borne in branched clusters. Though of late the genus has been reviewed and split up, it still contains a vast number of species (about 1,500) of extremely wide form including leaf succulents, stem and tuber succulents, annuals, perennials, aquatic forms, climbers, shrubs and small trees. Some species produce natural pesticides (especially alkaloids) to deter or even kill animals that would eat them.

Female ray-floret of the Senecio

An illustration of a ray-floret of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae)…

An illustration of the gynaeceum of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. The flower heads are normally rayed, completely yellow, and the heads are borne in branched clusters. Though of late the genus has been reviewed and split up, it still contains a vast number of species (about 1,500) of extremely wide form including leaf succulents, stem and tuber succulents, annuals, perennials, aquatic forms, climbers, shrubs and small trees. Some species produce natural pesticides (especially alkaloids) to deter or even kill animals that would eat them.

Gynaeceum of the Senecio

An illustration of the gynaeceum of the senecio flower. Senecio is a genus of the daisy family (Asteraceae)…

An illustration of the leaf of a potato plant.

Potato Plant Leaf

An illustration of the leaf of a potato plant.

"Strawberry False-worm (Emphytus maculatus). 1, 2 pupa, ventral and lateral views (line shows natural size); 3, fly, enlarged (wings on one side detached); 4, larva; 5, fly with wings closed; 6, larva curled up; 7, coccoon; 8, antenna; 9, egg. (4, 5, 6, and 7 natural size; 8 and 9 enlarged.)" -Whitney, 1911

Strawberry Sawfly

"Strawberry False-worm (Emphytus maculatus). 1, 2 pupa, ventral and lateral views (line shows natural…

An illustration of a plantain plant flower and bract. In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf. Bracts are ordinarily associated with reproductive structures (subtending flowers, inflorescence axes, or cone scales). They are ordinarily reduced in size relative to foliage leaves, or of a different color or texture from foliage leaves, or both.

Plantain Flower and Bract

An illustration of a plantain plant flower and bract. In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized…

Section of the stem from a palm tree, showing how endogens grow threw elongation internally. "1. Section of the stem of a palm: e, e, remains of leaf-stalks; f, bundles of woody fiber." -Whitney, 1911

Palm Stem

Section of the stem from a palm tree, showing how endogens grow threw elongation internally. "1. Section…

The image shows how endogens grow threw elongation internally. "Endogenous leaf, showing its parallel veins." -Whitney, 1911

Endogenous Leaf

The image shows how endogens grow threw elongation internally. "Endogenous leaf, showing its parallel…

"Part of Epiphyllospermous Frond. In botany, bearing the fruit or spores on the back of the leaves or fronds, as ferns." -Whitney, 1911

Epiphyllospermous Frond

"Part of Epiphyllospermous Frond. In botany, bearing the fruit or spores on the back of the leaves or…

Lphioglossum (adder's-tongue) is a genus of about 25-30 species of Ophioglossales in the family Ophioglossaceae, with a cosmopolitan but primarily tropical and subtropical distribution. The name Ophioglossum comes from the Greek, and means "snake-tongue". Adders-tongues are so-called because the spore-bearing stalk is thought to resemble a snake's tongue. Each plant typically sends up a small, undivided leaf blade with netted venation, and the spore stalk forks from the leaf stalk, terminating in sporangia which are partially concealed within a structure with slitted sides.

Adderstongue

Lphioglossum (adder's-tongue) is a genus of about 25-30 species of Ophioglossales in the family Ophioglossaceae,…

This erose leaf is so called such because of its margin's shape, as if eroded.

Erose Leaf

This erose leaf is so called such because of its margin's shape, as if eroded.

An illustration of the flower of a moss: ar, archegonium; an, antheridium; p, paraphysis; bl, leaf.

Flower of a Moss

An illustration of the flower of a moss: ar, archegonium; an, antheridium; p, paraphysis; bl, leaf.

The leaf of the coca plant (Erythroxylon coca) best known for its use in the drug cocaine.

Coca Leaf

The leaf of the coca plant (Erythroxylon coca) best known for its use in the drug cocaine.

A circular leaf border.

Circular Leaf Border

A circular leaf border.

A vine and leaf divider.

Vine Divider

A vine and leaf divider.

Common duckweed, <em>Lemna</em>. The entire plant is reduced to a leaf-like expansion which bears a long slender root and small flowers; forms green floating scum on ponds and stagnant pools.

Duckweed

Common duckweed, Lemna. The entire plant is reduced to a leaf-like expansion which bears a…

A leaf of arrowhead (<em>Sagittaria</em>), a member of the water-plantain family, growing abundantly in swamps.

Arrowhead

A leaf of arrowhead (Sagittaria), a member of the water-plantain family, growing abundantly…

"Exogen. 1. Section of a branch of three years' growth: a, medulla or pith; b b, medullary sheath; e e, medullary rays; c c c, circles of annual growth; d, bark. 2. Netted veined leaf (oak). 3. Dicotyledonous seed: a, cotyledon. 4. Germination of dicotyledonous seed: a a, seed-leaves or cotyledons; o, plumula. 5. Exogenous flower (crowfoot)." -Whitney, 1911

Section of Branch Showing Exogen

"Exogen. 1. Section of a branch of three years' growth: a, medulla or pith; b b, medullary sheath; e…

An decorative lead divider.

Decorative Leaf Divider

An decorative lead divider.

An illustration of a leaf divider.

Leaf Divider

An illustration of a leaf divider.

The image shows a fascicle (bundle or cluster) of flowers of a mallow plant (Malvaceae).

Fascicle of Mallow Flowers

The image shows a fascicle (bundle or cluster) of flowers of a mallow plant (Malvaceae).

A leaf which has "the form of a fiddle or violin; pandurate or panduriform: applied in botany to an obovate leaf which is contracted above the base." -Whitney, 1911

Fiddle-Shaped Leaf

A leaf which has "the form of a fiddle or violin; pandurate or panduriform: applied in botany to an…

The Grape Rootworm Beetle (Fidia viticida) is an insect in the Chrysomelidae family of leaf beetles.

Grape Rootworm Beetle

The Grape Rootworm Beetle (Fidia viticida) is an insect in the Chrysomelidae family of leaf beetles.

The Grapevine Flea Beetle (Altica chalybea). "a, leaf infested with larvae; b, larva; c, cocoon; d, beetle." -Whitney, 1911

Grapevine Flea Beetle

The Grapevine Flea Beetle (Altica chalybea). "a, leaf infested with larvae; b, larva; c, cocoon; d,…

"A case in the form of a book in which to keep fishing-flies. It has leaves of Bristol-board or other stiff material. At the ends of the leaf are small hooks or loops to which the fish-hooks are attached so that the flies may be carried without bending the gut." -Whitney, 1911

Fly Book for Fishing

"A case in the form of a book in which to keep fishing-flies. It has leaves of Bristol-board or other…

The tracery on the windows of La Sainte-Chapelle, in Paris, France shows foliations: a leaf pattern common in Gothic architecture. "Foliations in Tracery. Sainte Chapelle, Paris, A. D. 1240." -Whitney, 1911

Tracery Foliations

The tracery on the windows of La Sainte-Chapelle, in Paris, France shows foliations: a leaf pattern…

"The Scab-fungus (Venturia inaequalis). a, an infested apple, showing scabs caused by the fungus; b, portion of an infested leaf, showing the fungus in black patches; c, section of a diseased spot in the fruit, showing the spores of the fungus in position." -Whitney, 1911

Scab Fungus

"The Scab-fungus (Venturia inaequalis). a, an infested apple, showing scabs caused by the fungus; b,…

Galeruca notata is a beetle species in the Chrysomelidae family of leaf beetles.

Dorsal View of Leaf Beetle

Galeruca notata is a beetle species in the Chrysomelidae family of leaf beetles.

An illustration of a maple leaf.

Maple Leaf

An illustration of a maple leaf.

An illustration of a small doodad.

Small Doodad

An illustration of a small doodad.

An illustration of a small doodad.

Doodad

An illustration of a small doodad.

An illustration of a beetle on a leaf and a butterfly.

Beetle & Butterfly

An illustration of a beetle on a leaf and a butterfly.

An illustration of a fleur de leaf doodad.

Fleur de Leaf Doodad

An illustration of a fleur de leaf doodad.

An illustration of a full page border with simple leaves.

Leaf Border

An illustration of a full page border with simple leaves.

"And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth." Genesis 8:11 KJV

Return of the Dove to the Ark

"And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so…

The Floating Foxtail (Alopecurus geniculatus) has a stem ascending, bent, and forming knees at the lower joints. It has linear anthers and its upper leaf is as long as its sheath. The root is perennial and fibrous. Joints are smooth, long, and narrow, of a purple tinge. The leaves are flat, sharp, roughish on both sides and serrated on the edge. The Floating Foxtail is found in moist meadows, ditches, ponds, and slow streams, floating on the water.

Floating Foxtail Grass

The Floating Foxtail (Alopecurus geniculatus) has a stem ascending, bent, and forming knees at the lower…

The Floating Foxtail (Alopecurus geniculatus) has a stem ascending, bent, and forming knees at the lower joints. It has linear anthers and its upper leaf is as long as its sheath. The root is perennial and fibrous. Joints are smooth, long, and narrow, of a purple tinge. The leaves are flat, sharp, roughish on both sides and serrated on the edge. The Floating Foxtail is found in moist meadows, ditches, ponds, and slow streams, floating on the water. The floret of one palea, awn slender is shown here.

Floating Foxtail Grass

The Floating Foxtail (Alopecurus geniculatus) has a stem ascending, bent, and forming knees at the lower…

Wood Meadow Grass (Poa nemoralis) grows from eighteen inches to two feet high. It has a perennial, creeping root and an erect, slender, smooth stem. The upper sheath is no longer than its leaf, with a very short ligule, the base of the floret having a silky web suspending the calyx. The leaves are light green. The grass is common in light shady places and appears as a tall, rank grass, with a long, finely-arched panicle.

Wood Meadow Grass

Wood Meadow Grass (Poa nemoralis) grows from eighteen inches to two feet high. It has a perennial, creeping…

Wood Meadow Grass (Poa nemoralis) grows from eighteen inches to two feet high. It has a perennial, creeping root and an erect, slender, smooth stem. The upper sheath is no longer than its leaf, with a very short ligule, the base of the floret having a silky web suspending the calyx. The leaves are light green. The grass is common in light shady places and appears as a tall, rank grass, with a long, finely-arched panicle. It flowers in July. A magnified flower is seen here.

Wood Meadow Grass

Wood Meadow Grass (Poa nemoralis) grows from eighteen inches to two feet high. It has a perennial, creeping…

June grass (Poa prstensis) is also known as Green Meadow grass, Common Spear Grass, Kentucky Blue grass. The lower florets in the June Grass are connected at the base by a web of long silky filaments holding the calyx. The outter palea is five-ribbed with the marginal ribs hairy. The upper sheath is longer than its leaf. June Grass grows from ten to fifteen inches with and erect, smooth, round stem. The root is perennial and creeping. The plants grows a light greenish color while the spikelets are brownsh purple.

June Grass

June grass (Poa prstensis) is also known as Green Meadow grass, Common Spear Grass, Kentucky Blue grass.…

June grass (Poa prstensis) is also known as Green Meadow grass, Common Spear Grass, Kentucky Blue grass. The lower florets in the June Grass are connected at the base by a web of long silky filaments holding the calyx. The outter palea is five-ribbed with the marginal ribs hairy. The upper sheath is longer than its leaf. June Grass grows from ten to fifteen inches with and erect, smooth, round stem. The root is perennial and creeping. The plants grows a light greenish color while the spikelets are brownsh purple. Shown here is a magnified flower.

June Grass

June grass (Poa prstensis) is also known as Green Meadow grass, Common Spear Grass, Kentucky Blue grass.…

The Meadow Soft Grass (Holcus lanatus), also referred to as Velvet Grass, has its spikelets crowded in an open panicle, and an awn with the lower part perfectly smooth. It grows from one to two feet high with an erect smooth stem. The root is perennial and fibrous, with four to five leaves with soft, downy sheaths. The upper sheath much longer than its leaf with an inflated obtuse ligule. There are usually four joints with generally covered with soft downy hairs, the points of which are turned downwards. The leaves are pale-green, flat, broad, acute, soft on both sides, and covered with delicate slender hairs. It has hairy, oblate glumes tipped with a minute brislte. Inflorescence compound panicled of a greenish, reddish, or pinkish tinge. It flowers in June.

Meadow Soft Grass

The Meadow Soft Grass (Holcus lanatus), also referred to as Velvet Grass, has its spikelets crowded…

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of clover. The Red Clover can readily be distinguished by the arrangement and number of its leaves in three leaflets, and flowers in dense oblong or globular heads. It is widely grown as a fodder crop. There are many varities, some of which being, biennial an another perennial.

Red Clover

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of clover. The Red Clover can readily be distinguished…

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of clover. The Red Clover can readily be distinguished, as shown here, by the arrangement and number of its leaves in three leaflets, and flowers in dense oblong or globular heads. It is widely grown as a fodder crop. There are many varities, some of which being, biennial an another perennial.

Red Clover

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of clover. The Red Clover can readily be distinguished,…

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of clover. The Red Clover can readily be distinguished by the arrangement and number of its leaves in three leaflets, and flowers in dense oblong or globular heads. It is widely grown as a fodder crop. There are many varities, some of which being, biennial an another perennial. The fruit of the clover plant is shown here.

Red Clover

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of clover. The Red Clover can readily be distinguished…

The White Clover ((Trifolium repens) stems are spreading, slender and creeping. The leaves are are inversely heart-shaped, the flower-heads are small and white. The White Clover can easily accomadate itself to a great variety of soils, but grows most luxuriantly in moist grounds and moist or wet seasons.

White Clover

The White Clover ((Trifolium repens) stems are spreading, slender and creeping. The leaves are are inversely…

The White Clover ((Trifolium repens) stems are spreading, slender and creeping. The leaves are are inversely heart-shaped, the flower-heads are small and white. The White Clover can easily accomadate itself to a great variety of soils, but grows most luxuriantly in moist grounds and moist or wet seasons. This flower is magnified.

White Clover

The White Clover ((Trifolium repens) stems are spreading, slender and creeping. The leaves are are inversely…

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop. It is a wheat reguiring great heat and sunlight. It resembles clover with clusters of small purple or pale blue flowers that have two or three twirls. The leaflets are in threes, obovate, oblong, and toothed. The fruit n downy pods, and has two to three twirls.

Lucerne or Alfalfa Plant

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an…

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop. It is a wheat reguiring great heat and sunlight. It resembles clover with clusters of small purple or pale blue flowers, shown here, that have two or three twirls. The leaflets are in threes, obovate, oblong, and toothed. The fruit n downy pods, and has two to three twirls.

Lucerne or Alfalfa Plant

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an…

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop. It is a wheat reguiring great heat and sunlight. It resembles clover with clusters of small purple or pale blue flowers that have two or three twirls. The leaflets are in threes, obovate, oblong, and toothed. The fruit n downy pods, as shown here, have two to three twirls.

Lucerne or Alfalfa Plant

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. The free forms are usually small, barely reaching a length greater than five or seven cetimeters (2 to 3 inches). Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This is a fresh water flatworm.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. The free forms are usually small, barely reaching a length greater than five or seven cetimeters (2 to 3 inches). Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This is a marine flatworm.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. The free forms are usually small, barely reaching a length greater than five or seven cetimeters (2 to 3 inches). Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This is a fresh water flatworm. This is an anatomy of freshwater flatworm (Planaria), showing the excretory system, with flame-cell. The alimentary canal is stippled.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. The free forms are usually small, barely reaching a length greater than five or seven cetimeters (2 to 3 inches). Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This shows the nervous system of the flatworm.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. The free forms are usually small, barely reaching a length greater than five or seven cetimeters (2 to 3 inches). Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This is the flame-cell of the flatworm showing the flagellum (f), the nucleus (n), space among the organs of the body, (v) waste material.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This parasitic flatworm diagram shows the (m) mouth, the (o) opening of the reproductive system, and (s) sucker and spines for attachment. The digestive system is stippled and the nervous system is black.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. This is a bit of leaf with scales.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…