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A frontal section through the left hip joint of a boy. Front view.

Frontal Section Through Hip Joint

A frontal section through the left hip joint of a boy. Front view.

A human skeleton from the back.

Back View of a Human Skeleton

A human skeleton from the back.

A front view of the superficial muscles of the body. Labels: 1, The frontal swells of the occipito-frontalis. 2, The orbicularis palpebrarum. 3, The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi. 4, The zygomaticus major. 5, The zygomaticus minor. 6, The masseter. 7, The orbicularis oris. 8, The depressor labii inferioris. 9, The latysma myoides. 10, The deltoid. 11, The pectoralis major. 12, The latissimus dorsi. 13, The serratus major anticus. 14, The biceps flexor cubiti. 15, The triceps extensor cubiti. 16, The supinator radii longus. 17, The pronator radii teres. 18, The extensor carpi radialis longior. 19, The extensor ossis metacarpi pollicis. 20, The annular ligament. 21, The palmar fascia. 22, The obliquus externus abdominis. 26, The psoas magnus. 27, The abducter longus. 28, The sartorius. 29, The rectus femoris. 30, The vastus externus. 31, vastus internus. 32, The tendo patellae. 33, The gastrocnemius. 34, The tibialis anticus. 35, The tibia. 36, The tendons of the extensor communis.

Front View of the Superficial Muscles of the Body

A front view of the superficial muscles of the body. Labels: 1, The frontal swells of the occipito-frontalis.…

A side view of the lacteal and thoracic duct. Labels: 1, Small intestine. 2, Lacteals. 3, Thoracic duct. 4, Stomach. 5, Colon. 6, Pancreas. 7, Liver. 8, Diaphragm. 9 Heart. 10, Lungs. 11, Large vein into which the thoracic duct opens. 12, Spinal column.

A Side View of the Lacteals and Thoracic Duct

A side view of the lacteal and thoracic duct. Labels: 1, Small intestine. 2, Lacteals. 3, Thoracic duct.…

View of the great lymphatic trunks. Labels: 1, 2 Thoracic duct. 4, The right lymphatic duct. 5, Lymphatics of the thigh. 6, Iliac lymphatics. 7, Lumbar lymphatics. 8, Intercostal lymphatics. a, Descending cava. b, Left innominate vein. c, Right innominate vein. d, Aorta. e, Ascending cava.

View of the Great Lymphatic Trunks

View of the great lymphatic trunks. Labels: 1, 2 Thoracic duct. 4, The right lymphatic duct. 5, Lymphatics…

A side view of the cartilages of the larynx. Labels: *, The front side of the thyroid cartilage. 1, The os hyoides (bone at the base of the tongue). 2, The ligament that connects the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage. 3, 4, 5, The thyroid cartilage. 6, The cricoid cartilage. 7, The trachea.

A Side View of the Cartilages of the Larynx

A side view of the cartilages of the larynx. Labels: *, The front side of the thyroid cartilage. 1,…

A back view of the cartilages and ligaments of the larynx. Labels: 1, The posterior face of the epiglottis. 3, The os hyoides. 4, The lateral ligaments which connect the os hyoides and thyroid cartilage. 5, The posterior face of the thyroid cartilage. 6, The arytenoid cartilages. 7, The cricoid cartilage. 8, The junction of the cricoid and the arytenoid cartilages. 12, The first ring of the trachea.

A Back View of the Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx

A back view of the cartilages and ligaments of the larynx. Labels: 1, The posterior face of the epiglottis.…

A front view of the chest and abdomen in respiration. Labels: 1, The position of the walls of the chest in inspiration. 2, The position of the diaphragm in inspiration. 3, The position of the walls of the chest in expiration. 4, The position of the diaphragm in expiration. 5, The position of the walls of the abdomen in inspiration. 6, The position of the abdominal walls in expiration.

A Front View of the Chest and Abdomen in Respiration

A front view of the chest and abdomen in respiration. Labels: 1, The position of the walls of the chest…

A side view of the chest and abdomen in respiration. Labels: 1, The cavity of the chest. 2, The cavity of the abdomen. 3, The line of direction for the diaphragm when relaxed in expiration. 4, The line of direction for the diaphragm when contracted in inspiration. 5, 6, The position of the front walls of the chest and abdomen in inspiration. 7, 8, The position of the front walls of the abdomen and chest in expiration.

A Side View of the Chest and Abdomen in Respiration

A side view of the chest and abdomen in respiration. Labels: 1, The cavity of the chest. 2, The cavity…

A view of the larynx showing the vocal ligaments. Labels: 1, The anterior edge of the larynx. 4, The posterior face of the thyroid cartilage. 5, The arytenoid cartilages. 6, The vocal ligaments. 7, The origin within the angle of the thyroid cartilage. 9, 10, The glottis.

A View of the Larynx Showing the Vocal Ligaments

A view of the larynx showing the vocal ligaments. Labels: 1, The anterior edge of the larynx. 4, The…

A back view of the brain and spinal cord. Labels: 1, The cerebrum. 2, The cerebellum. 3, The spinal cord. 4, Nerves of the face. 5, The brachial plexus of nerves. 6, 7, 8, 9, Nerves of the arm. 10, Nerves that pass under the ribs. 11, The lumbar plexus of nerves. 12, The sacral plexus of nerves. 13, 14, 15, 16, Nerves of the lower limbs.

A Back View of the Brain and Spinal Cord

A back view of the brain and spinal cord. Labels: 1, The cerebrum. 2, The cerebellum. 3, The spinal…

A side view of the passage of the nostrils. 4, The distribution of the first olfactory pair of nerves. 5, The fine divisions of this nerve on the membrane of the nose. 6, A branch of the fifth pair of nerves. 9, Upper jawbone and roof of the mouth.

A Side View of the Passage of the Nostrils

A side view of the passage of the nostrils. 4, The distribution of the first olfactory pair of nerves.…

View of the lachrymal gland and nasal duct. Labels: 1, The lachrymal gland. 2, Ducts leading from the lachrymal gland to the upper eyelid. 3, The "tear points". 4, The nasal sac. 5, The termination of the nasal duct.

View of the Lachrymal Gland and Nasal Duct

View of the lachrymal gland and nasal duct. Labels: 1, The lachrymal gland. 2, Ducts leading from the…

A view of all the parts of the ear, Labels: 1, The tube that leads to the internal ear. 2, The membrana tympani. 3, 4, 5, The bones of the ear. 7, The central part of the labyrinth, names the vestibule. 8, 9, 10, The semicircular canals. 11, 12, The channels of the cochlea. 13, The auditory nerve. 14, The channel from the middle ear to the throat (Eustachian tube). 15, A nerve. 16, A process. 17, The seventh pair of nerves (facial). 18, A process of the temporal bone.

Parts of the Ear

A view of all the parts of the ear, Labels: 1, The tube that leads to the internal ear. 2, The membrana…

"Fault scarps of Orenaug Hill (floating block topography). The view is taken from the top of a cliff in the eastern twin hill." -Walcott, 1901

Fault Scarps

"Fault scarps of Orenaug Hill (floating block topography). The view is taken from the top of a cliff…

"View of the southeastern slope of the eastern twin of Orenaug Hill. Fault scarps bound the hummocky surface of the block on the northeast and west; the courses of the scarps follow the fringes of trees." -Walcott, 1901

Fault Scarp Slope

"View of the southeastern slope of the eastern twin of Orenaug Hill. Fault scarps bound the hummocky…

"The principal working parts of the apparatus are the sheet of boiler plate a (fig. 100), the cylinder c, the piston head p, the screw s, and conduit plate d...f, frame." -Walcott, 1901

Intrusion Machine

"The principal working parts of the apparatus are the sheet of boiler plate a (fig. 100), the cylinder…

A view of the labyrinth laid open. Labels: 1, The cochlea. 2, 3, Two channels that wind two and half turns around a central point (5). 7, The central portion of the labyrinth called the vestibule. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, The semicircular canals.

View of the Labyrinth Laid Open

A view of the labyrinth laid open. Labels: 1, The cochlea. 2, 3, Two channels that wind two and half…

A view of the auditory nerve. Labels: 1, The spinal cord. 2, The medulla oblongata. 3, The lower part of the brain. 4, The auditory nerve. 5, A branch to the semicircular canals. 6, A branch to the cochlea.

View of the Auditory Nerve

A view of the auditory nerve. Labels: 1, The spinal cord. 2, The medulla oblongata. 3, The lower part…

A thin slice of bone, highly magnified, showing the lacunae, the tiny tubs (canaliculi) radiating from them, and four Huversian canals, three seen crosswise and one lengthwise.

A Magnified View of a Bone

A thin slice of bone, highly magnified, showing the lacunae, the tiny tubs (canaliculi) radiating from…

A microscopic view of a muscle showing, at one end, the fibrillae; and at the other, the disk, or cells of the fiber.

Microscopic View of a Muscle

A microscopic view of a muscle showing, at one end, the fibrillae; and at the other, the disk, or cells…

Magnified views of the cuticle. Labels: A, represents a vertical section of the cuticle. B, the lateral view of the cells. C, flat side of scales like d, magnified, showing the nucleated cells transformed into broad scales.

Magnified View of the Cuticle

Magnified views of the cuticle. Labels: A, represents a vertical section of the cuticle. B, the lateral…

A magnified view of corpuscles of human blood compared to animal blood. Labels: A, corpuscles of human blood; B, corpuscles in the blood of an animal (a non-mammal).

Corpuscles of Human and Animal Blood

A magnified view of corpuscles of human blood compared to animal blood. Labels: A, corpuscles of human…

Two nerve fibers of the sciatic nerve. Labels: A. Node of Ranvier. B. Axis cylinder. C. Sheath of Schwann with nuclei.

Nerve Fibers of the Sciatic Nerve

Two nerve fibers of the sciatic nerve. Labels: A. Node of Ranvier. B. Axis cylinder. C. Sheath of Schwann…

Several fibers of a bundle of medullated nerve fibers acted upon by silver nitrate to show peculiar behavior of nodes of Ranvier, N, towards this reagent. The silver has penetrated at the nodes, and has stained the axis cylinder, M, for a short distance. S, the white substance.

Behavior of the Nodes of Ranvier

Several fibers of a bundle of medullated nerve fibers acted upon by silver nitrate to show peculiar…

Different forms of ganglion cells. A, a, round ball-shaped unipolar cell from the human Gasserian ganglion. Two cells only show the process f; b, spindle shaped; c, multipolar ganglion cell from he spinal cord of the ox. d, D, Purkinjee ganglion cells from human cerebellum; ax, axis cylinder process; p, protoplasmic process; h, h, two cells surrounded with a nucleated sheath.

Different Forms of Ganglion Cells

Different forms of ganglion cells. A, a, round ball-shaped unipolar cell from the human Gasserian ganglion.…

The Pacinian bodies or corpuscles are elongated oval bodies situated on some of the cerebrospinal and sympathetic nerves, especially the cutaneous nerves of the hands and feet; and on branches of the large sympathetic plexus about the abdominal aorta. Shown is a Pacinian corpuscle of the cat's mesentery. The stalk consist of a nerve fiber (N) wit its think outer sheath. The peripheral capsules of the Pacinian corpuscle are narrower near the entrance of the axis cylinder into the clear central mass. A hook-shaped termination with the end bulb; it possesses a sheath which is the continuation of the peripheral capsules of the Pacinian corpuscle.

Pacinian Corpuscle of a Cat

The Pacinian bodies or corpuscles are elongated oval bodies situated on some of the cerebrospinal and…

End-bulbs are oval or spheroidal, and are composed of medullated nerve fibers, which terminate in corpuscles of various shaped, with a capsule containing a transparent or striated mass, in the center of which terminates the axis cylinder of the nerve fiber, the ending of which is somewhat clubbed. End-bulb of Krause. Labels: a, medullated nerve fibers. b, capsule of corpuscle.

End-bulb of Krause

End-bulbs are oval or spheroidal, and are composed of medullated nerve fibers, which terminate in corpuscles…

View of heart and lungs in situ. The front portion of the chest wall, and the outer or parietal layers of the pleurae and pericardium have been removed. The lungs are partly collapsed.

Heart and Lungs

View of heart and lungs in situ. The front portion of the chest wall, and the outer or parietal layers…

The left auricle and ventricle opened and a part of their anterior and left walls removed. The pulmonary artery has been divided at its commencement; the opening into the left ventricle is carried a short distance into the aorta between two of the segments of the semilunar valves; and the left part of the auricle with its appendix has been removed. The right auricle is out of view. Labels: 1, the two right pulmonary veins cut short; their opening are seen within the auricle; 1' , placed within the cavity of the auricle on the left side of the septum and on the right side and on the part which forms the remains of the valve of the foramen ovale, of which the crescentic fold is seen towards the left hand of 1'; 2, a narrow portion of the wall of the auricle and ventricle preserved round the auriculo-ventricular orifice; 3, 3', the cut surface of the walls of the ventricle, seen to become very much thinner towards 3", at the apex; 4, a small part of the anterior wall of the left ventricle which has been preserved with the principle anterior columna carnea or musculus papillaris attached to it; 5. ,musculi papillares; 5', the left side of the septum, between the two ventricles, within the cavity of the left ventricle; and above the three segments of its semilunar valve which are hanging loosely together; 7', the exterior of the great aortic sinus; 8, the root of the pulmonary artery and its semilunar valves; 8' the separated portion of the pulmonary artery remaining attached to the aorta by 9, the cord of the ductus arteriosus; 10, the arteries rising from the summit of the aortic arch.

A Diagram of the Heart

The left auricle and ventricle opened and a part of their anterior and left walls removed. The pulmonary…

Surface view of an artery from the mesentery of a frog, ensheathed in a perivascular lymphatic vessel. Labels: a, The artery, with its circular muscular coat (media) indicated by broad transverse markings, with an indication of the adventitia outside. 1. Lymphatic vessel: its wall is a simple endothelial membrane.

Surface View of an Artery

Surface view of an artery from the mesentery of a frog, ensheathed in a perivascular lymphatic vessel.…

The heart of a frog (Rana esculenta) from the front. Labels: V, ventricle, Ad, right auricle; As, left auricle; B, bulbus arteriosus, dividing into right and left aorta.

Heart of a Frog

The heart of a frog (Rana esculenta) from the front. Labels: V, ventricle, Ad, right auricle; As, left…

Outline showing the general form of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, as seen from front. Labels: h, the great cornu of the hyoid bone; e,epiglottis; t, superior and inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage; c, middle of the cricoid cartilage; tr, the trachea, showing sixteen cartilaginous rings; b, the right bronchus; b1, the left bronchus.

Front View of Respiratory Apparatus

Outline showing the general form of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, as seen from front. Labels: h,…

Outline showing the general form of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, as seen from behind. Labels: h, the great cornu of the hyoid bone; e,epiglottis; t, superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage ; t1, inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage; a, points to the back of both the arytenoid cartilages, which are surmounted by the cornicula; c, the middle ridge on the back of the cricoid cartilage; tr, the posterior membranous part of the trachea; b, b1, right and left bronchi.

Back View of Respiratory Apparatus

Outline showing the general form of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, as seen from behind. Labels: h,…

The papillar surface of the tongue, with the fauces and tonsils. Labels: 1, circumvallate papillae, in front of 2, the foramen caecum; 3, fungiform papillae; 4, filiform and conical papillae; 5, transverse and oblique rugae; 6, mucous glands at the base of the tongue and in the fauces; 7, tonsils; 8, part of the epiglottis; 9, median glosso-epiglottidean fold (fraenum epiglottidis).

Tongue

The papillar surface of the tongue, with the fauces and tonsils. Labels: 1, circumvallate papillae,…

Diagrammatic representation of the nerves of the alimentary canal. Oe to Rct, the various parts of the alimentary canal from esophagus to rectum: L.V, left vagus, ending in front of stomach; rl, recurrent laryngeal nerve, supplying upper part of esophagus; R.V, right vagus, joining left vagus in esophageal plexus; oe.pl., supplying the posterior part of the stomach , and continues at R'V' to join the solar plexus, here represented by a single ganglion, and connected with the inferior mesenteric ganglion m.gl.: a, branches from the solar plexus to stomach and small intestine , and from the mesenteric ganglia and rami communicantes; r.c., belonging to dorsal nerves from the 6th to the 9th (or 10th); Spl.min., small splanchnic nerve similarly from the 10th and 11th dorsal nerves. These both join the solar plexus, and thence make their way to the alimentary canal; c.r., nerves from the ganglia, &c., belonging to 11th and 12th dorsal and 1st and 2nd lumbar nerves, proceeding to the inferior mesenteric ganglia (or plexus), m.gl., and thence by the hypogastic nerve, n.hyp., and the hypogastric nerve, n.hyp., and the hypogastric plexus, pl.hyp., to the circular muscles of the rectum; 1.r., nerves from the 2nd and 3rd sacral nerves, S.2, S.3 (nervi erigentes) proceeding by the hypogastric plexus to the longitudinal muscles of the rectum.

Nerves of the Alimentary Canal

Diagrammatic representation of the nerves of the alimentary canal. Oe to Rct, the various parts of the…

Cartilages from the larynx seen from the front. Labels: 1, vertical ridge of pomum Adami; 2, right ala; 3, superior cornu; 4, inferior cornu; 5, 6, cricoid cartilage; 5, inside of the posterior part; 6, anterior narrow part of the ring; 7, arytenoid cartilages.

Cartilages from the Larynx

Cartilages from the larynx seen from the front. Labels: 1, vertical ridge of pomum Adami; 2, right ala;…

Three laryngoscopic view of the superior aperture of the larynx and surrounding parts. Labels: A, the glottis during the emission of a high note in singing; B, in easy and quite inhalation of air; C, in the state of widest possible dilation, as in inhaling a very deep breath. The diagrams A', B', and C', show in horizontal sections of the glottis in position of the vocal ligaments and arytenoid cartilages in the three several states represented in the other figures. In all the figures, so far as marked, the letters indicate the parts as follows, viz. : l, the base of the tongue; e, the upper free part of the epiglottis; e', the tubercle or cushion of the epiglottis; p h, part of the anterior all of the pharynx behind the larynx; in the margin of the aryteno-epiglottisdean fold w, the swelling of the membrane caused by the cartilages of Wrisberg; s. that of the cartilages of Santorini: a, the tip or summit of the arytenoid cartilages; c v, the true vocal cords r lips of the rima glottidis; c v s, the superior or false vocal cords; between them the ventricle of the larynx; in C, tr, is placed on the anterior wall of the receding trachea, and b indicated the commencement of the two bronchi beyond the bifurcation which may be brought into view in this state of extreme dilation.

Movement of the Vocal Cords

Three laryngoscopic view of the superior aperture of the larynx and surrounding parts. Labels: A, the…

View of the upper part of the larynx as seen by means of the laryngoscope during the utterance of a grave note. Labels: c, epiglottis; s, tubercles of the cartilages of Santorini; a, arytenoid cartilages; z, base of the tongue; ph, the posterior wall of the pharynx.

Upper Part of the Larynx

View of the upper part of the larynx as seen by means of the laryngoscope during the utterance of a…

View of the cerebrospinal axis of the nervous system. The right half of the cranium and trunk of the body have been removed by a vertical section; the membranes of the brain and spinal cord have also been removed, and the roots and first part of the fifth and ninth cranial, and of all the spinal nerves of the right side, have been dissected out and laid separately on the wall of the skull and on the several vertebrae opposite to the place of their natural exit from the craniospinal cavity.

Central Nervous System

View of the cerebrospinal axis of the nervous system. The right half of the cranium and trunk of the…

Different views of a portion of the spinal cord from the cervical region, with the roots of the nerves. A, the anterior surface of the specimen is shown; the anterior nerve root of its right side being divided. B, a view of the right side. C, the upper surface. D, the nerve roots and ganglion are shown from below. Labels: 1, The anterior median fissure; 2, posterior median fissure; 3, anterior lateral depression, over which the anterior nerve roots are seen to spread; 4, posterior lateral groove, into which the posterior roots are seen to sink; 5, anterior roots passing the ganglion; 5', the anterior root divided; 6, the posterior roots, the fibers of which pass into the ganglion 6'; 7, the united or compound nerve; 7', the posterior primary branch, seen is A and D to be derived in part from the anterior and in part from the posterior root.

Views of a Spinal Cord

Different views of a portion of the spinal cord from the cervical region, with the roots of the nerves.…

Section of gray matter of anterior cornu of a calf's spinal cord; a, nerve fibers of white matter in transverse section, showing axis cylinder in the center of each; r, large stellate nerve cells with nuclei and three prolongations.

Gray Matter of Spinal Cord

Section of gray matter of anterior cornu of a calf's spinal cord; a, nerve fibers of white matter in…

Dorsal or posterior view of the medulla, fourth ventricle, and mesencephalon. Labels: p.n., line of the posterior roots of the spinal nerves; p.m.f., posterior median fissure; f.g., funiculus gracilis; cl., its clava; f.c., funiculus cuneatus; f.R., funiculus of Rolando; r.b., restiform body; c.s., calamus scriptorius; l, section of ligula or taenia; part of choroid plexus is seen beneath t; l.r., lateral recess of the ventricle; str., striae acusticae; i.f., inferior fossa; s.f., posterior fossa; between it and the median sulcus is the fasciculus teres; cbl., cut surface of the cerebellar hemisphere; nd., central or gray matter; s.m.v., superior medullary velum; lng., ligula; s.c.p., superior cerebellar peduncle cut longitudinally; cr., combined section of the three cerebellar peduncles; c.q.s., c.q.i., corpora quadrigemina (superior and inferior); fr., fraenulum; f; f., fibers of the fillet seen on the surface of the tegmentum; c, crusti; l.g., lateral groove; c.g.i, corpus geniculum internus; th., posterior part of the thalamus; p., pineal body. The Roman numbers indicate the corresponding cranial nerves.

Medulla

Dorsal or posterior view of the medulla, fourth ventricle, and mesencephalon. Labels: p.n., line of…

Section across the pons, about the middle of fourth ventricle. py., pyramidal bundles; po., transverse fibers passing po1, behind, po2, in front of py.; r., raphe; o.s., superior olive; a.V., bundles of ascending root of V. nerve enclosed in a prolongation of the substance of Rolando; VI., the sixth nerve, nVI., its nucleus; VII., facial nerve; VIII., auditory nerve, n.VIII., lateral nucleus of the auditory.

Section across the Pons

Section across the pons, about the middle of fourth ventricle. py., pyramidal bundles; po., transverse…

Diagram of the motor tract as shown in a diagrammatic horizontal section through the cerebral hemispheres Crura, Pons, and Medulla. Fr., frontal lobe; Oc., occipital lobe; AF., ascending frontal, AP., ascending parietal convolutions; PCF., pre-central fissure in front of the ascending frontal, AP., ascending parietal convolution; FR., fissure of Rolando; IPF., interparietal fissure, a section of crus is lettered on the left side. SN., substantia nigra; Py., pyramidal motor fiber, which on the right is shown as continuous lines converging to pass through the posterior limb of IC. internal capsule ( the knee or elbow of which is shown thus) upwards into the hemisphere and downwards through the pons to cross the medulla in the anterior pyramids.

Cerebral Hemisphere

Diagram of the motor tract as shown in a diagrammatic horizontal section through the cerebral hemispheres…

Lateral view of the brain. F, Frontal lobe; P, Parietal lobe; O, Occipital lobe; T, Temporal lobe; S, fissure of Sylvius; S', horizontal; S", ascending ramus of the same; c, sulcus centralis (fissure of Rolando); A, ascending frontal convolutions; fr, superior, f2, inferior frontal sulcus; f3, precentral sulcus; P1, superior parietal lobule; P2, inferior parietal lobule consisting of P2, supramarginal gyrus, and P2', angular gyrus; ip, interparietal sulcus; cm, termination of callosomarginal fissure; O1, first O2, second, 03, third occipitals inferior; T1, first T2, second, T3, third temporal convolutions; tr, first , t2, second temporal fissures.

Lateral View of the Brain

Lateral view of the brain. F, Frontal lobe; P, Parietal lobe; O, Occipital lobe; T, Temporal lobe; S,…

View of brain from above. F, Frontal lobe; P, Parietal lobe; O, Occipital lobe; T, Temporal lobe; S, fissure of Sylvius; S', horizontal; S", ascending ramus of the same; c, sulcus centralis (fissure of Rolando); A, ascending frontal convolutions; fr, superior, f2, inferior frontal sulcus; f3, precentral sulcus; P1, superior parietal lobule; P2, inferior parietal lobule consisting of P2, supramarginal gyrus, and P2', angular gyrus; ip, interparietal sulcus; cm, termination of callosomarginal fissure; O1, first O2, second, 03, third occipitals inferior; T1, first T2, second, T3, third temporal convolutions; tr, first , t2, second temporal fissures. Sr, end of horizontal ramus of fissure of Sylvius.

View of Brain from Above

View of brain from above. F, Frontal lobe; P, Parietal lobe; O, Occipital lobe; T, Temporal lobe; S,…

View of the right hemisphere in the median aspect. CC, corpus callosum longitudinally divided; Gf, gyrus fornicatus; H, gyrus hippocampi; h, sulcus hippocampi; U, uncinate gyrus; cm, calloso marginal fissure; F1, median aspect of first frontal convolution; c, terminal portion of sulcus centralis (fissure of Rolando); A, ascending frontal; B, ascending parietal convolution; P1', praecuneus; Oz, cuneus; po, parieto-occipital fissure; o, sulcus occipitalis transversus; oc, calcarine fissure; oc', superior; oc", inferior ramus of the same; D, gyrus descendens; T4, gyrus occipito-temporalis lateralis (lobulus fusiformis) ; T5, gyrus occipito-temporalis medialis (lobulus lingualis).

Right Hemisphere of the Brain

View of the right hemisphere in the median aspect. CC, corpus callosum longitudinally divided; Gf, gyrus…

Diagrammatic horizontal section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front of this is the fore-, and what lies behind, the hindbrain; Lt, lamina terminalis; Olf, olfactory lobes; Hmp, hemispheres; Th. E, thalamencephalon; Pn, pineal gland; Py, pituitary body; F. M., foramen of Munro; cs, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; CC, crura cerebri; the mass lying above the canal represents the corpora quadrigemina; Cb, cerebellum; I-IX, the nine pairs of cranial nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle; +, iter a tertio ad quartum ventriculum.

Horizontal Section of a Vertebrate Brain

Diagrammatic horizontal section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front of this is the…

Longitudinal and vertical diagrammatic section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front of this is the fore-, and what lies behind, the hindbrain; Lt, lamina terminalis; Olf, olfactory lobes; Hmp, hemispheres; Th. E, thalamencephalon; Pn, pineal gland; Py, pituitary body; F. M., foramen of Munro; cs, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; CC, crura cerebri; the mass lying above the canal represents the corpora quadrigemina; Cb, cerebellum; I-IX, the nine pairs of cranial nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle; +, iter a tertio ad quartum ventriculum. Lamina terminalis is represented by the strong black line joining Pn and Py.

Vertical Section of a Vertebrate Brain

Longitudinal and vertical diagrammatic section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front…

The Medieval bedstead of the 13th century was richly decorated with turned posts and carved sides. The front was often furnished with an opening to allow of getting into the bed.

Medieval Bedstead

The Medieval bedstead of the 13th century was richly decorated with turned posts and carved sides. The…

The Medieval bedstead of the 12th century was richly decorated with turned posts and carved sides. The front was often furnished with an opening to allow of getting into the bed.

Medieval Bedstead

The Medieval bedstead of the 12th century was richly decorated with turned posts and carved sides. The…

The modern decorative easel is a sloping frame with three or four legs. The front and rear are often connected by hinges to enable the angle of the slope to be altered. The front has a small board that can be adjusted to different heights by pins. Painters and sculptors used it, but it was often made as a decorative piece of furniture to hold pictures and portfolios.

Modern Decorative Easel

The modern decorative easel is a sloping frame with three or four legs. The front and rear are often…

Diagrammatic view of the Sympathetic cord of the right side, showing its connections with the principal cerebrospinal nerves and the main prae-aortic plexuses. Cerebrospinal nerves. VI, a portion of the sixth cranial as it passes through the cavernous sinus, receiving two twigs from the carotid plexus of the sympathetic nerve; O, opthalmic ganglion connected by a twig with the carotid plexus; M, connection of the spheno-palatine ganglion by the Vidian nerve with the carotid plexus; C, cervical plexus; Br, brachial plexus; D 6, sixth intercostal nerve; D 12, twelfth; L 3, third lumbar nerve; S 5, fifth; Cr, anterior crural nerve winding round the subclavian artery. Sympathetic Cord. c, superior cervical ganglion; c', second or middle; c", inferior; from each of these ganglia cardiac nerves (all deep on this side) are seen descending to the cardiac plexus; d 1, placed immediately below the first dorsal sympathetic ganglion; d 6, is opposite he sixth; l 1, first lumbar ganglion. Preaortic and Visceral Plexuses. p, pharyngeal, and, lower down, laryngeal plexus; pl, post-pulmonary plexus spreading from the vagus on the back of the right bronchus; c a,on the aorta , the cardiac plexus, towards which , in addition to the cardiac nerves from the three cervical sympathetic ganglia, other branches are seen descending from the vagus and recurrent nerves; co, right or posterior and co1, left or an. coronary plexus; o, esophageal plexus in long meshes on the gullet; sp, great splanchnic nerve formed by branched from the fifth, sixth, seventh, eight, and ninth dorsal ganglia; +, small splanchnic from the ninth and tenth; ++, smallest or third splanchnic from the eleventh: the first and second of theses are shown joining the solar plexus, s o; the third descending to the renal plexus, r e; connecting branches between the solar plexus and the vagi are also represented; pn', above the place where the right vagus passes to the lower or posterior surface of the stomach; pn", the left distribution on the anterior side or upper surface of the cardiac portion of the organ: from the solar plexus large branches are seen surrounding the arteries of the coeliac axis, and descending from the solar and sup. mesenteric plexuses and from the lumbar ganglia; mi, the inf. mesenteric plexus surrounding the corresponding artery; hy, hypogastric plexus; pl, the right pelvic or inf. hypogastric plexuses; pl, the right pelvic plexus; from this the nerves descending are joined by those from the plexus on the sup. hemorrhoidal vessels, mi', by nerves from the third and fourth sacral spinal nerves, and there are thus formed the rectal, vesical, and other plexuses, which ramify upon the viscera, ,as towards ir, and v, the rectum and bladder.

Sympathetic System

Diagrammatic view of the Sympathetic cord of the right side, showing its connections with the principal…

The hammer-bone or malleus, seen from the front. 1, the head; 2, neck; 3, short process; 4, long process.

Malleus

The hammer-bone or malleus, seen from the front. 1, the head; 2, neck; 3, short process; 4, long process.

Interior view of the tympanum, with membrana tympani and bones in natural position. 1, Membrana tympani; 2, Eustachian tube; 3, tensor tympani muscle; 4, lig. mallei super; 6, corda-tympani nerve; a, b, and c, sinuses about ossicula.

Tympanum

Interior view of the tympanum, with membrana tympani and bones in natural position. 1, Membrana tympani;…

View of the interior of the left labyrinth. The bony wall of the labyrinth is removed superiorly and externally. Labels: 1, fovea hemielliptica; 2m fovea hemispherica; 3, common opening of the superior and posterior semicircular canals; 4, opening of the aqueduct of the vestibule; 5, the superior, 6, the posterior, and 7, the external semicircular canals; 8, spiral tube of the cochlea (scala tympani); 9, opening of the aqueduct of the cochlea; 10, placed on the lamina spiralis in the scala vestibuli.

Interior of the Left Labyrinth

View of the interior of the left labyrinth. The bony wall of the labyrinth is removed superiorly and…

View of the osseous cochlea divided through the middle. Labels: 1, central canal of the modiolus; 2, lamina spiralis ossea; 3, scala tympani; 4, scala vestibuli; 5, porous substance of the modiolus near one of the sections of the canalis spiralis modioli.

Osseous Cochlea

View of the osseous cochlea divided through the middle. Labels: 1, central canal of the modiolus; 2,…

Surface view of part lamella of kitten's cornea, prepared first with caustic potash and then with nitrate of silver. By this method the branched cornea-corpuscles with their granular protoplasm and large oval nuclei are brought out.

Lamella of Kitten's Cornea

Surface view of part lamella of kitten's cornea, prepared first with caustic potash and then with nitrate…

View of a section of the ovary of the cat. Labels: 1, outer covering and free border of the ovary; 1', attached border; 2, the ovarian stroma, presenting a fibrous and vascular structure; 3, granular substance lying external to the fibrous stroma; 4, blood-vessels; 5, ovigerms in their earliest stages occupying part of the granular layer near the surface; 6, ovigerms which have begun to enlarge and to pass more deeply into the ovary; 7, ovigerms round which the Graafian follicles and tunica granulosa are now formed and which have passed somewhat deeper into the ovary and are surrounded by the fibrous stroma; 8, more advanced Graafian follicle with the ovum imbedded in the layer of cells constituting the proligerous disc; 9, the most advanced follicle containing the ovum; 9', a follicle from which the ovum has accidentally escaped; IO, corpus luteum.

Ovary of the Cat

View of a section of the ovary of the cat. Labels: 1, outer covering and free border of the ovary; 1',…