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An illustration of a human eye.

Human Eye

An illustration of a human eye.

An illustration of a human ear.

Human Ear

An illustration of a human ear.

An illustration of the head of a boy.

Head of a Boy

An illustration of the head of a boy.

"Gastrula of a Chalk-sponge (Olynthus). B, longitudinal section through the axis: g, primitive intestine; o, blastopore; i, inner cell-layer of the body-wall; e, outer cell-layer." -Whitney, 1911

Chalk Sponge Gastrula

"Gastrula of a Chalk-sponge (Olynthus). B, longitudinal section through the axis: g, primitive intestine;…

"Standing some four feet high on very long legs, this bird (Secretary Bird) gives the impression of a Heron or Crane, and is a striking object on its native plains. The short strong beak is greatly arched, and is not toothed, the neck is elongated, the body comparatively small, and the metatarsus boldly scutellated all around, the short straight toes with their blunt claws being joined anteriorly by small membranes The ample wings have eleven pointed primaries and seventeen secondaries. the graduated tail of twelve rectrices has the two obtuse median feathers drooping and much prolonged. Down is evenly distributed over the adults, and an after-shaft is present. The general colour is bluish-grey, with black wing-quills, lower back and vent; the loose pendent crest on the occiput and nape contains ten plumes in pairs, the longer being black and the shorter grey with black ends; the tail grey, subterminally barred with black and tipped with white, which sometimes shews on the short close flank-feathers. The long cere, naked sides of the face, and feet are yellow, the irides hazel. The sexes are similar." A. H. Evans

Secretary Bird

"Standing some four feet high on very long legs, this bird (Secretary Bird) gives the impression of…

"Milvus milvus, the Red Kite or Forked Tail Glead of the Old World, ranging from the Atlantic Islands-except, perhaps, the Azores-through most of Europe to Palestine, Asia, Minor, and Northern Africa, but leaving the northerly districts in autumn, is red-brown above and rusty-red beneath, the lower surface and whitish head being streaked with dark brown." A. H. Evans, 1900

Red Kite Resting on a Branch by a Body of Water

"Milvus milvus, the Red Kite or Forked Tail Glead of the Old World, ranging from the Atlantic Islands-except,…

"The Hoatzin (Opisthocomus cristatus) is curious and highly specialized. "The body is long and thin, the bill is strong with basal serrations on the maxilla; bristles surround the gape, and the eye-lids have distinct lashes- a rare fact among birds. The reticulated metatarsi are fairly stout; the toes are long; the hallux being unusually developed and the claws slightly curved. The short rounded wings have ten primaries and nine secondaries. The plumage in both sexes is olive above with white markings, and dull rufous below; the long loose crest and the tip of the tail are yellowish, and patch of bare bluish-black skin surrounds the eyes." A. H. Evans, 1900

Hoatzin

"The Hoatzin (Opisthocomus cristatus) is curious and highly specialized. "The body is long and thin,…

"Rhinochetus jubatus, the Kuga ... has powder-down patches that are profusely distributed over the whole body, except toward the remiges and rectrices. The plumage is slaty-grey, with indistinct dark bars on the wings and tail; while the former expanded rufous and white bands appear, varied by black markings; while a long, erectile whitish-grey crest adorns the occiput and nape. The bill and feet are orange and red." A. H. Evans, 1900

Kagu

"Rhinochetus jubatus, the Kuga ... has powder-down patches that are profusely distributed over the whole…

An illustration of a group of men lifting a body off the ground.

Men Lifting Body

An illustration of a group of men lifting a body off the ground.

An illustration of an eye.

Eye

An illustration of an eye.

An illustration of a human toes.

Toes

An illustration of a human toes.

An illustration of a rowboat.

Rowboat

An illustration of a rowboat.

"Cats purr, dogs bark, cocks crow, a cow lows, a donkey brays, an eagle screams, parrots talk, spiders tick, mankind laugh and cry." -Trowbridge, 1866

Animal Rebus

"Cats purr, dogs bark, cocks crow, a cow lows, a donkey brays, an eagle screams, parrots talk, spiders…

"Parotia sexpennis, the Six-wired Bird of Paradise, is bronzy- and purplish-black, having scale-like golden throat- and breast-feathers with green and blue reflections. A satiny white patch crosses the forehead; the occiput is green, blue, and purple, having two lateral tufts, from each of which spring three wires terminating in small black discs; while large, soft, erectile masses of black adorn each side of the body." A. H. Evans, 1900

Six-wired Bird of Paradise

"Parotia sexpennis, the Six-wired Bird of Paradise, is bronzy- and purplish-black, having scale-like…

"Activity of mind or body is the way to happiness, contentment, and prosperity." -Trowbridge, 1866

Happiness Rebus

"Activity of mind or body is the way to happiness, contentment, and prosperity." -Trowbridge, 1866

"Skeleton of the Limbs and Tail of a Carinate Bird. (The skeleton of the body is indicated by dotted lines.) F, digits; Fi, fibula; HW, carpus; MF, tarsometatarsus; MH, carpometacarpus; OA, humerus; OS, femur; Py, pygostyle; R, coracoid; Ul, ulna; Sch, scapula; St, sternum, with its keel (Cr); T, tibiotarsus; Rd, radius; Z, Z, digits of foot. (From Wiedersheim.)" A. H. Evans, 1900

Skeleton of the Limbs and Tail of a Carinate Bird

"Skeleton of the Limbs and Tail of a Carinate Bird. (The skeleton of the body is indicated by dotted…

"This man went unto Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus. And he took it down, and wrapped it in linen, and laid it in a sepulchre that was hewn in stone, wherein never man before was laid." Luke 23:52-53 KJV

The Burial of Christ

"This man went unto Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus. And he took it down, and wrapped it in linen,…

The common oat (Avena sativa) is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed. While oats are suitable for human consumption as oatmeal and rolled oats, one of the most common uses is as livestock feed. Oats make up a large part of the diet of horses and are regularly fed to cattle as well. Oats are also used in some brands of dog and chicken feed.

Oat

The common oat (Avena sativa) is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed. While oats are suitable…

The Scythe was an old method for cutting grass for hay. It was one of the severest labors on the farm. It called to play nearly every voluntary muscle in the body, requiring not only the more frequent and regular movements of the muscles, but also a great exertion of muscular power.

Scythe

The Scythe was an old method for cutting grass for hay. It was one of the severest labors on the farm.…

"An eagle's head erased, beaked, or. BEAKED. The beak of a bird being of a different tint from the body is said to be beaked." -Hall, 1862

Eagle Beaked

"An eagle's head erased, beaked, or. BEAKED. The beak of a bird being of a different tint from the body…

"Argent, a mermaid gules, crined or. CRINED. This is said of an animal whose hair is of a different tincture from its body." -Hall, 1862

Mermaid Crined

"Argent, a mermaid gules, crined or. CRINED. This is said of an animal whose hair is of a different…

The spotted Gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) is a primitive freshwater fish of the family Lepisosteidae, native to North America from the Lake Erie and southern Lake Michigan drainages south through the Mississippi River basin to Gulf Slope drainages, from lower Apalachicola River in Florida to Nueces River in Texas, USA. It has a profusion of dark spots on the body, head and fins. It occurs in quiet, clear pools and backwaters of lowland creeks, small to large rivers, oxbow lakes, swamps and sloughs. It occasionally enters brackish waters. The fish is a voracious predator feeding on various kinds of fishes and crustaceans. They are notable for being one of the few extant fish species with ganoid scales.

Garpikes Fish

The spotted Gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) is a primitive freshwater fish of the family Lepisosteidae, native…

Blood cell function is to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells; wastes and carbon dioxide to the organs responsible for their removal or breakdown; and also to defend the body against bacteria, viruses, and other organisms.

Blood cell

Blood cell function is to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells; wastes and carbon dioxide to…

Animal cells lining the body lining the body cavity.

Cell Sections

Animal cells lining the body lining the body cavity.

Amoung the simplest one-celled animals living in the ooze at the bottom of nearly every freshwater stream or pond is the Amoeba, whose body is barely visible to the unaided eye. Here we see the amoeba, highly magnified, showing(c.v.) pulsating vacuole; (f) food particle; (n) nucleus. (7B) The shape of the same individual 30 seconds later.

Amoeba

Amoung the simplest one-celled animals living in the ooze at the bottom of nearly every freshwater stream…

Infusoria is an obsolete collective term for minute aquatic creatures like ciliates, euglenoids, protozoa, and unicellular algae that exist in freshwater ponds. The first type exists in the common fresh-water organism known as Euglena. The spindle-shaped body is surrounded by a delicate cuticle perforated at one point, where a funnel-shaped depression, the gullet, leads into the soft protoplasmic interior. From the base of this depression the protoplasm is drawn out in the form of a delicate ship-like process known as the flagellum. Shown here is Flagellate Infusoria (fig 8A); (c) pulsating vacuole; (e) eye-spot; (g) gullet; (n) nucleus; (t) flagellum.

Flagellate Infusoria

Infusoria is an obsolete collective term for minute aquatic creatures like ciliates, euglenoids, protozoa,…

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds, and certain insects. is is a parasite living at the expense of the host in whose whose body it lives in. This is a Gregarinid (Actinocephalus oligacanthus) from the intestine of an insect.

Protozoan

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds,…

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds, and certain insects. It is a parasite living at the expense of the host in whose whose body it lives in. This is a spore forming by a Gregarinid (Cocidium oviforme) from the liver of a guinea-pig.

Protozoan

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds,…

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds, and certain insects. It is a parasite living at the expense of the host in whose whose body it lives in. This is a spore forming by a Gregarinid (Cocidium oviforme) from the liver of a guinea-pig.

Protozoan

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds,…

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds, and certain insects. It is a parasite living at the expense of the host in whose whose body it lives in. A stage in the conjugation and spore forming of Gregarina polymopha.

Protozoan

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds,…

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds, and certain insects. It is a parasite living at the expense of the host in whose whose body it lives in. A stage in the conjugation and spore forming of Gregarina polymopha.

Protozoan

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds,…

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds, and certain insects. It is a parasite living at the expense of the host in whose whose body it lives in. A stage in the conjugation and spore forming of Gregarina polymopha.

Protozoan

Gregarina, a protozoan, various species which live in the alimentary canal of crayfishes, centipeds,…

Fresh water Hydra, a jellyfish, is a many celled animal. The organs of defence, nettle cells or lasso cells , in the event of disturbance, the sac will discharge coiled thread an barbs into the body of the intruder.

Hydra Jellyfish

Fresh water Hydra, a jellyfish, is a many celled animal. The organs of defence, nettle cells or lasso…

Fresh water Hydra, a jellyfish, is a many celled animal. The organs of defence, nettle cells or lasso cells , in the event of disturbance, the sac will discharge coiled thread an barbs into the body of the intruder.

Hydra Jellyfish

Fresh water Hydra, a jellyfish, is a many celled animal. The organs of defence, nettle cells or lasso…

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds, or along the seacoast while a variety of other species are parasitic. The free forms are usually small, barely reaching a length greater than five or seven cetimeters (2 to 3 inches). Some of the parasitic species attain the great length of six to thirteen meters (20 to 40 feet). This is the flame-cell of the flatworm showing the flagellum (f), the nucleus (n), space among the organs of the body, (v) waste material.

Flatworm

Flatworms are flattened, leaf-like forms living in damp places on land, in freshwater streams of ponds,…

The cestodes or tapeworms (Toenia solium), are parasitic flatworms. The body is usually of great length up to 50 feet, and terminates in a head. From the head the body extends backwards in a ribbon-like body. Shown here is a tapeworm with the head showing in the upper lefthand corner.

Tapeworm

The cestodes or tapeworms (Toenia solium), are parasitic flatworms. The body is usually of great length…

Threadworm (Nematodes) or Roundworm is composed of many different species. In all the body is slender as in the "vinegar eel". This small worm, a millimeter or two in length, lives on the various forms of mold that grow in fermenting fruit juices. A tough cuticle surrounds the body, perserving its shape and at the same time protecting the delicate organs against the action of the acids in which it lives. In the treadworm the eggs develop within the body and the young are born with the form of the parent.

Threadworm

Threadworm (Nematodes) or Roundworm is composed of many different species. In all the body is slender…

The earthworms are also known as megadriles, in the families Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae, and Enchytraeidae, among others. The basic body plan is a tube, the digestive system, within a tube, the muscular slimy, moist outer body. The body is annular, formed of segments that are most specialized in the anterior and have a simple circulatory system. They have two main blood vessels that extend through the length of their body: a ventral blood vessel which leads the blood to the posterior end, and a dorsal blood vessel which leads to the anterior end. The dorsal vessel is contractile and pumps blood forward, where it is pumped into the ventral vessel by a series of "hearts" (aortic arches) which vary in number in the different taxa.

Earthworm

The earthworms are also known as megadriles, in the families Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae, and Enchytraeidae,…

The earthworms are also known as megadriles, in the families Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae, and Enchytraeidae. Earthworms have a pair of kidneys to every segment, each consisting of a coiled tube wrapped in a mass of small blood vessels, and at its inner end communicating with the body cavity by means of a funnel-shaped opening. Here is a diagram of an earthworm kidney., showing (b) blood vessel, (f) funnel opening into body cavity, (o) outer opening, (s)septum, (w) body wall

Earthworm Anatomy

The earthworms are also known as megadriles, in the families Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae, and Enchytraeidae.…

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along the sides of the body. These are Polychaetes or "many-bristle") worms, Nereis being one and a common form along the seashore. The body presents the same segmented apprerance as the earthworm. The head is provided with numerous sense organs, among which are four eyes and several tentacles or feelers. This figure the marine worm appearance at breeding season.

Marine Worm

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along…

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along the sides of the body. These are Polychaetes or "many-bristle") worms, Nereis being one and a common form along the seashore. The body presents the same segmented apprerance as the earthworm. The head is provided with numerous sense organs, among which are four eyes and several tentacles or feelers. A marine worm during normal seasons.

Marine Worm

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along…

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along the sides of the body. These are Polychaetes or "many-bristle") worms, Nereis being one and a common form along the seashore. The body presents the same segmented apprerance as the earthworm. The head is provided with numerous sense organs, among which are four eyes and several tentacles or feelers. A head of a marine worm is shown.

Marine Worm

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along…

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along the sides of the body. These are Polychaetes or "many-bristle") worms, Nereis being one and a common form along the seashore. The body presents the same segmented apprerance as the earthworm. The head is provided with numerous sense organs, among which are four eyes and several tentacles or feelers. The lateral appendage of a marine worm is shown.

Marine Worm

Marine worms, also known as Nereis, a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along…

Marine worms (Polynoe bevisetosa), a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along the sides of the body. These are common form along the seashore. The body presents the same segmented apprerance as the earthworm. The head is provided with numerous sense organs, among which are four eyes and several tentacles or feelers. Shown is a common marine worm with extended proboscis and overlapping plated covering the back.

Marine Worm

Marine worms (Polynoe bevisetosa), a worm with highly developed heads and many bristles arranged along…

The class of crustacea is divided into two sub-classes, Entomostraca and Malacostraca. The first, Entomostraca, contains the fairy-shrimps (Branchipus). A simple Crustacean, the fairy shrimp body is distinctly separated into head, thorax, and abdomen. This diagram shows parts of the fairy-shimp, (b) brood-pouch, (e,e') compound and simple eyes, (f) paddle-shaped feet, (h) tubular heart, and (i) intestine.

Fairy-shrimp

The class of crustacea is divided into two sub-classes, Entomostraca and Malacostraca. The first, Entomostraca,…

Cyclops, the representative of a number of lowly forms belonging to the order of Copepods, is one of the commest fresh-water Crustacea. The forward segments of the spindle-shaped body are covered by a large shield or carapace. The feet, are few in number, and like its fabled namesake, it bears an eye in the center of the forehead. Diagram of the cyclops shows the (e.s.) egs, (i) intestine, (ov) reproductive organ.

Cyclops

Cyclops, the representative of a number of lowly forms belonging to the order of Copepods, is one of…

The itch mite (Sarcoptes) is a genus of skin parasites, and part of the larger family of mites collectively known as "scab mites". Adult scabies mites are spherical, eyeless mites with four pairs of legs. They are recognizable by their oval, ventrally flattened and dorsally convex tortoise-like body and multiple cuticular spines. Females are 0.30 to .45 mm long and 0.25 to 0.35 mm wide, and males are just over half that size.

Itch Mite

The itch mite (Sarcoptes) is a genus of skin parasites, and part of the larger family of mites collectively…

A butterfly is an insect of the order Lepidoptera. Like all Lepidoptera, butterflies are notable for their unusual life cycle with a larval caterpillar stage, an inactive pupal stage, and a spectacular metamorphosis into a familiar and colourful winged adult form. A monarch butterfly is is a milkweed butterfly, perhaps the best known of all North American butterflies. The body of the crawling worm-like larva is greenish yellow in color, with broad bands of shining black.

Metamorphosis of a Monarch Butterfly

A butterfly is an insect of the order Lepidoptera. Like all Lepidoptera, butterflies are notable for…

Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which generally have a very short projecting tail. The body of the crab in its first larval stage is composed of short, globular portion, furnished with conspicuous long spines and a relaively long, jointed tail. This is call the zoëa stage.

Metamorphosis of a Crab

Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which generally have a very short projecting…

Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which generally have a very short projecting tail. After the first stage, the zoëa changes into a stage called the megalops, which has many characteristics of the adult crab condition. In this stage the crab looks very much like a tiny lobster or shrimp. In the final stage the tail disappears and the body widens.

Metamorphosis of a Crab

Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which generally have a very short projecting…

Flounder have both eyes situated on one side of the head, they are not born this way. Their life involves metamorphosis. During metamorphosis, one eye migrates to the other side of the body so that both eyes are situated on the upward-facing side of its body. After metamorphosis, flounder lie on one side on the ocean floor; either the left or right side might face upward depending on the species. This is the different stages of the flounder. Note the eyes in the young flounder are arranged one on each side of the head.

Metamorphosis of a Flounder

Flounder have both eyes situated on one side of the head, they are not born this way. Their life involves…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. The female is wingless and has a large waxen egg-sac (e.s.) attached to her body.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

Sacculina is a genus of barnacles that parasitize crabs. The female Sacculina larva finds a crab and walks on it until it finds a joint. It then molts, injecting its soft body into the crab while its shell falls off. The Sacculina grows in the crab, emerging as a sac, known as an externa, on the underside of the crab's rear thorax, where the crab's eggs would be incubated.

Crustacean Parasite

Sacculina is a genus of barnacles that parasitize crabs. The female Sacculina larva finds a crab and…

Sacculina is a genus of barnacles that parasitize crabs. The female Sacculina larva finds a crab and walks on it until it finds a joint. It then molts, injecting its soft body into the crab while its shell falls off. The Sacculina grows in the crab, emerging as a sac, known as an externa, on the underside of the crab's rear thorax, where the crab's eggs would be incubated. Here the parasite has been removed from the crab.

Crustacean Parasite

Sacculina is a genus of barnacles that parasitize crabs. The female Sacculina larva finds a crab and…

Ichneumon flies are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another insect which finally dies. As with all hymenopterans, ichneumons are closely related to ants and bees. The female finds a host and lays an egg on, near, or inside the host's body. Upon hatching, the larval ichneumon feeds either externally or internally, killing the host when they themselves are ready to pupate. The large ichneumon fly (Thakessa), with long flexable ovipositor. The various parts of ths ovipositor are spread aapart in the figure; naturally they lie together to form a single piercing organ.

Ichneumon Fly

Ichneumon flies are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another…

Ichneumon flies are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another insect which finally dies. As with all hymenopterans, ichneumons are closely related to ants and bees. The female finds a host and lays an egg on, near, or inside the host's body. Upon hatching, the larval ichneumon feeds either externally or internally, killing the host when they themselves are ready to pupate. The large ichneumon fly (Thakessa), with long flexable ovipositor, boring to deposit eggs.

Ichneumon Fly

Ichneumon flies are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another…

The Puss Moth (Cerura vinula) is a lepidoptera from the family Notodontidae. The puss moth is stinging caterpillar, Megalopyge opercularis, commonly called an asp. This is one of the most toxic caterpillars in North America. The mature larva is 1 to 1½ inches long with seven pairs of prolegs (suction-cup like claspers on the rear of the body). This larva of the puss moth shows as it appears when undisturbed.

Puss Moth

The Puss Moth (Cerura vinula) is a lepidoptera from the family Notodontidae. The puss moth is stinging…

The Puss Moth (Cerura vinula) is a lepidoptera from the family Notodontidae. The puss moth is stinging caterpillar, Megalopyge opercularis, commonly called an asp. This is one of the most toxic caterpillars in North America. The mature larva is 1 to 1½ inches long with seven pairs of prolegs (suction-cup like claspers on the rear of the body). This larva of the puss moth shows as it appears when disturbed and ready to sting. Intense, throbbing pain develops almost immediately witnin contact with the caterpillar.

Puss Moth

The Puss Moth (Cerura vinula) is a lepidoptera from the family Notodontidae. The puss moth is stinging…

"Gules, three bezants figured. FIGURED. Those bearings which are depicted with a human face, are said to be figured." -Hall, 1862

Bezants Figured

"Gules, three bezants figured. FIGURED. Those bearings which are depicted with a human face, are said…

"Azure, three unicorns' heads proper, erased, horned or. HORNED. This term is used to denote that the horn of a unicorn is of a different tincture from his body." -Hall, 1862

Unicorns Horned

"Azure, three unicorns' heads proper, erased, horned or. HORNED. This term is used to denote that the…