"View from the summit of Little Round Top."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Little Round Top

"View from the summit of Little Round Top."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Side view of a pea blossom.

Pea blossom

Side view of a pea blossom.

View of a radish, illustrating the root-hairs, which absorb most of the water the plant needs.

Radish

View of a radish, illustrating the root-hairs, which absorb most of the water the plant needs.

A closer view of a stalk of Kentucky blue-grass.

Kentucky blue-grass

A closer view of a stalk of Kentucky blue-grass.

Front view of a hen-house.

Front view of a hen-house

Front view of a hen-house.

Scattered planting of trees pruned in artificial shapes in front of a farmhouse.

Side View of Farmhouse

Scattered planting of trees pruned in artificial shapes in front of a farmhouse.

A colt's nippers at five years of age (side view)

Nippers at five years

A colt's nippers at five years of age (side view)

Side view of a colt's nippers at six years of age.

Nippers at six years

Side view of a colt's nippers at six years of age.

Side view of a colt's nippers at seven years of age.

Nippers at seven years

Side view of a colt's nippers at seven years of age.

Side view of the nippers of an old horse.

Nippers of an Old Horse

Side view of the nippers of an old horse.

An aerial-view of Lake Alfred, Florida.

City

An aerial-view of Lake Alfred, Florida.

School building in Lake Alfred, with children playing in front.

School

School building in Lake Alfred, with children playing in front.

"Libby Prison, Richmond, Va."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Libby Prison Exterior

"Libby Prison, Richmond, Va."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"The great Prison Pen at Andersonville, Ga. The stockade was orginally eleven acres, which was increased to fifteen on July 2nd, 1864, which made it one thousand six hundred yards around, with fifty-two posts, or sentry boxes, reached by steps from the outside. Parallel with the stockade, and twenty feet distant, was the dead line, which consisted of posts six inches thick, with a strip of scantling nailed on the top to form a rail."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Prison Pen

"The great Prison Pen at Andersonville, Ga. The stockade was orginally eleven acres, which was increased…

"Wall side of the Prison Pen at Millen, Ga."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Prison Pen Wall

"Wall side of the Prison Pen at Millen, Ga."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Reception of Confederate prisoners at the Federal prison, Elmira, N. Y. The prison at Elmira, N. Y., was finely situated on an excellent piece of ground about a mile from Elmira, and though entirely closed, the prisoners were not deprived of a view of external nature, for on one side rose pine-clad hills high up into the air, visible from all parts of the prison. The prisoners were all provided with bunks in the same kind of rough barrack as were used for sheltering our own men at the various places of rendezvous before going into the field."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Prison Reception

"Reception of Confederate prisoners at the Federal prison, Elmira, N. Y. The prison at Elmira, N. Y.,…

"General McGowen addressing the Thirty-Fifth Abbeville (S. C.) Volunteers, in front of the Charleston Hotel. The gallant band of Confederates known as the Abbeville Volunteers was composed of a hundred of the wealthiest citizens of the district. A number of them were accompanied by their negro servants, as the barons of old were by their armed vassals. General McGowen made a strong speech, and was loudly cheered."— Frank Leslie, 1896

General McGowen

"General McGowen addressing the Thirty-Fifth Abbeville (S. C.) Volunteers, in front of the Charleston…

"Battle of Carrick's Ford, between the troops of General McClellan's command, under General Morris, and the Confederates under General Garnett, July 13th, 1861. After a long march through drenching rain, the Federal troops under General Morris reached Carrick's Ford, where they found the Confederates holding the cliff on the opposite bank of the river. Both sides began a heavy firing. Then the Seventh Indiana Regiment plunged into the river and scaled the cliff on the right of the enemy, while the others kept up the fight in front. As soon as the flanking party reached the top of the cliff the Confederates retreated, and were pursued for about two miles."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Carrick's Ford

"Battle of Carrick's Ford, between the troops of General McClellan's command, under General Morris,…

A black redstart perched on a branch in front of a stone building. It greatly resembles the redstart.

Black Redstart

A black redstart perched on a branch in front of a stone building. It greatly resembles the redstart.

"The head is rounded, the front convex instead of concave, and the nails on each hind-foot are three instead of four. It lives in large herds in Central and South Africa, where is it constantly hunted by the natives and also by Europeans." — S. G. Goodrich, 1885

African Elephant

"The head is rounded, the front convex instead of concave, and the nails on each hind-foot are three…

"The head and neck are rather short; the eye is small and lateral, and the snimal cannot see in front, more particularly when the horn is full grown, as it stands in the way of vision. The body is about nine feet long and give feet high; in its structure it is perculiarly massive, heavy, and hog-like, and often weighing six thousand pounds." — S. G. Goodrich, 1885

Indian Rhinoceros

"The head and neck are rather short; the eye is small and lateral, and the snimal cannot see in front,…

"Front Royal, Manassas Gap Railroad, Blue Ridge Mountains in the distance- the Federal army entering the town. Front Royal is situated on the Manassas Gap Railroad, on the banks of the Shenandoah, is ten miles from Strasburg and fifty-one miles from Manassas Junction. General Banks, at the head of his troops, dashed down the mountain and through the romantic village of Front Royal, which resounded with the rumble of wagons and clatter of hoofs, mingled with the music of the church bells calling to morning service. Hastening on toward the scene of conflict, to his surprise he brought up against his own pickets, and found that, instead of his own column, Fremont was upon the enemy."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Front Royal

"Front Royal, Manassas Gap Railroad, Blue Ridge Mountains in the distance- the Federal army entering…

"A profile view of the Heights of Charlestown, in the American Revolution."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Heights of Charlestown

"A profile view of the Heights of Charlestown, in the American Revolution."—E. Benjamin Andrews,…

"John Paul Jones' medal, front side."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Jones' Medal

"John Paul Jones' medal, front side."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Sectional view of Monitor through Turet and Pilot-House."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Monitor

"Sectional view of Monitor through Turet and Pilot-House."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

View of Palos. The pile of buildings in this view, standing upon the bluff, is the ancient Church of St. George.

Palos

View of Palos. The pile of buildings in this view, standing upon the bluff, is the ancient Church of…

This view is taken from near the house of Mr. Neilson, looking northwest. In the foreground, on the right, are seen the remains of the intrenchments which here crossed the road from Fort Neilson, the fortified long barn. The light field in the distance, toward the right of the picture, with a small house within it, is the ld clearing called 'Freeman's Farm.'

Battle-ground

This view is taken from near the house of Mr. Neilson, looking northwest. In the foreground, on the…

Fraser's burial-place. The hill on which the 'great redoubt' was erected, and where General Fraser was buried, is about one hundred feet high, and almost directly west from the house wherein he died. The relative situation of this eminence to the Hudson will be best understood by looking at the view of Burgoyne's encampment. The grave is within the inclosure on the summit of the hill.

Fraser Burial

Fraser's burial-place. The hill on which the 'great redoubt' was erected, and where General Fraser was…

View of the place where the British laid down their arms. The sketch here presented, of the place where the British army surrendered, was made from one of the canal bridges at Schuylerville, looking east-northeast.

British Surrender

View of the place where the British laid down their arms. The sketch here presented, of the place where…

Site of the first interview between Gates and Burgoyne. This view is taken from the turnpike, looking south. The old road was where the canal now is, and the place of meeting was about at the point where the bridge is seen.

first interview

Site of the first interview between Gates and Burgoyne. This view is taken from the turnpike, looking…

View below the Falls. This view was taken from under the bridge, looking down the river. The cave opens upon the river just below where the figures stand.

The Falls

View below the Falls. This view was taken from under the bridge, looking down the river. The cave opens…

William's Rock. This view is taken from the road, looking northward. In the distance is seen the highest point of the French Mountain, on the left of which is Lake George. From this commanding height the French scouts had a fine view of all the English movements at the head of the lake.

William's Rock

William's Rock. This view is taken from the road, looking northward. In the distance is seen the highest…

View from the top of Mount Defiance.

Mount Defiance

View from the top of Mount Defiance.

Site of Fort Anne. This view is from the bridge which crosses Wood Creek, looking south. The distant building on the right is the dwelling of Mr. Moore. Nearer is his store-house, and on the left are his out-houses. The fence, and so on to the barns and in their yards.

Fort Anne

Site of Fort Anne. This view is from the bridge which crosses Wood Creek, looking south. The distant…

View at Putnam's Rock.

Putnam's Rock

View at Putnam's Rock.

View from Shole's Landing. This is a view from Chipman's Point, or Sholes's Landing, looking north. The high ridge on the right, in the distance, is Mount Independence. The higher and more distant hill on the left, over the cedar, is Mount Defiance, and the elevation beyond is Mount Hope. Fort Ticonderoga is on the other side of Mount Independence, in a line with the highest part.

Sholes's Landing

View from Shole's Landing. This is a view from Chipman's Point, or Sholes's Landing, looking north.…

Chimney Point Landing. This view is taken from the green in front of the inn at Chimney Point, looking west-southwest. The first land seen across the lake is Crown Point, with the remaining barracks and other works of the fortress, and the dwellings and outhouses of Mr. Baker, and a resident farmer. Beyond the point is Bulwaggy Bay, a broad, deep estuary much wider than the lake at Chimney Point. Beyond the bay, and rising from its western shore, is a Bulwaggy mountain, varying in perpendicular height from four to nine hundred feet, and distant from the fort between one and two miles. A little to the right of the larger tree on the shore is the site of Fort St. Frederic, and at the edge of the circle on the left, along the same shore, is the locality of the <em>Grenadiers' Battery.</em> The wharf and bridge in the foreground form the steam-boat and ferry landing at Chimney Point.

Chimney Point

Chimney Point Landing. This view is taken from the green in front of the inn at Chimney Point, looking…

Military establishment at St. John's. This view is taken from the eastern side of the river, near the remains of a block-house erected by Montgomery when he besieged the fort in 1775. On the right is seen the fort, which incloses the magazine; in the center is the building occupied by the officers, on either side of which are the barracks of the soldiers. The large building on the left is the hospital, and the smaller one still further left is the dead-house. The river here is about a quarter of a mile wide. The present military works are upon the site of those of the Revolution.

St. John's

Military establishment at St. John's. This view is taken from the eastern side of the river, near the…

Fort at Chambly, this is a view of the south and west sides of the fort, looking toward the river. It stands directly upon the Richelieu, at the foot of the Chambly Rapids, and at the head of the navigation of the river up from the St. awrence. it is strongly built of stone, and, as seen in the picture, is in a state of excellent preservation.

Fort at Chambly

Fort at Chambly, this is a view of the south and west sides of the fort, looking toward the river. It…

View of Point Levi from Durham Terrace, Quebec. This sketch is taken from Durham Terrace, near the north wall of the Castle Garden. In the foreground are the tops of the houses below in Champlain, Notre Dame, and St. Peter's Streets, and in the distance, across the St. Lawrence, is seen Point Levi, with its pretty little village, its church and wharves. On the extreme left, in the distance, is the upper end of the island of Orleans, which divides the channel. The point seen is the place where Wolfe erected batteries.

Point Levi

View of Point Levi from Durham Terrace, Quebec. This sketch is taken from Durham Terrace, near the north…

Cape Diamond, this is a view of the spot where Montgomery was killed. The cliff is Cape Diamond, crowned with the citadel. The street at the foot of it is called Champlain, and is inhabited chiefly by a mixed population of French, Canadians, and Irish. It extends from Mountain Street south almost to Wolfe's Cove. This view is from Champlain Street, a few rods south of <em>Pres de Ville</em>, looking north. High upon the rocks Alfred Hawkins, Esq., of Quebec, has placed a board with this inscription: "Here Major-General Montgomery Fell, December 31st, 1775."

Cape Diamond

Cape Diamond, this is a view of the spot where Montgomery was killed. The cliff is Cape Diamond, crowned…

Place where Arnold was wounded. This view is in a narrow alley near the north end of <em>Sault au Matelot</em> Street, in the rear of St. Paul's Street. At the time in question St. Paul's Street did not exist, and the water, at high tide, came nearly up to the precipice. The first barrier and battery extended from the jutting rock seen in the picture, to the water. The present alley was then the beach. The circular wall on top of the rock is a part of the grand battery, one of the most formidable and commanding defenses in the world.

Arnold Wounded

Place where Arnold was wounded. This view is in a narrow alley near the north end of Sault au Matelot

Palace Gate, inside. This sketch is a view from within Palace Street, looking out upon the open country beyond the St. Charles. The river, with a few masts, is seen just over the top of the gate. Adjoining the gate, on the right, is seen a portion of the guard-house.

Palace Gate

Palace Gate, inside. This sketch is a view from within Palace Street, looking out upon the open country…

A male turkey, sitting in front of a barn.

Turkey

A male turkey, sitting in front of a barn.

1, Epyornis; 2, Ostrich; 3, Cassoway; 4, Wild Goose; 5, hen; 6, Pigeon; 7, Humming-bird; 8, Eagle; 9, Vulture; 10, Penguin; 11, Crocodile; 12, Python; 13, Fresh-water Tortoise; 14, Boa of St. Lucia; 15, Tortoise; 16, Ophidan; 17, Dog-fish; 18, Ray-fish. The figure in the background without a number represents the egg of the Moa (extinct).

Comparative view of the size of the eggs of different animals

1, Epyornis; 2, Ostrich; 3, Cassoway; 4, Wild Goose; 5, hen; 6, Pigeon; 7, Humming-bird; 8, Eagle; 9,…

Wind-mill Point. This view was sketched from the steam-boat, when a little below the wind-mill, looking west-north-west. The mill is a strong stone structure, and answered a very good purpose for a fort or block-house. Its narrow windows were used by the patriots as loop-holes for their muskets during the action.

Wind-Mill Point

Wind-mill Point. This view was sketched from the steam-boat, when a little below the wind-mill, looking…

Oswego in 1755. This view is looking north toward the lake. It is a reduced copy of the frontispiece to <em>Smith's History of New York</em>, first ediction, London, 1757, and represents the encampment of Shirley there at that time.

Oswego

Oswego in 1755. This view is looking north toward the lake. It is a reduced copy of the frontispiece…

View of Oswego and the Fort in 1798. This view is from the west side of the river, near the site of the present United States Hotel.

Fort Oswego

View of Oswego and the Fort in 1798. This view is from the west side of the river, near the site of…

View of Oswego Harbor, 1848. This view is from the top of the United States Hotel, looking east-northeast. It was hastily sketched during the approach of a thunder-storm, and the "huge herald drops" came down just as I traced the distant water-line of the lake. The objects by the figure in the foreground are the balustrade and chimney of the hotel, now (1848) a summer boarding-house for strangers. The first height beyond the water on the right is the point on which stands Fort Oswego. The land in the far distance, on the same side, is Four-mile point, behind which Montcalm landed his forces. On the left is seen the light-house upon one of the stone piers, and beyond it spread out the waters of Lake Ontario.

Oswego Harbor

View of Oswego Harbor, 1848. This view is from the top of the United States Hotel, looking east-northeast.…

Distant view of Fort Niagra. This view is from the west side of the Niagra River, near the light-house. The fort is on the east side (right side of the picture), at the mouth of the river. The steam-boat seen in the distance is out on Lake Ontario.

Fort Niagra

Distant view of Fort Niagra. This view is from the west side of the Niagra River, near the light-house.…

Part of Niagra Suspension Bridge. This view, looking up from the river, comprises about one half the bridge, a portion of the bank on the Canada side on the right, the American shore on the left, and a part of the Falls, seen under the bridge, in the extreme distance.

Niagra Bridge

Part of Niagra Suspension Bridge. This view, looking up from the river, comprises about one half the…

View at Little Falls. This view was taken from the rail-road near the village, looking down the river. On the right is seen the Erie Canal, and on the left, and more in the foreground, the Mohawk, at the foot of the falls, with the rail-road and the magnetic highway. The rugged bluff in the center is Moss Rock, at the lower extremity of which is the gulf, seen in the annexed engraving. This view is from the tow-path, below Moss Rock. On the left is the canal, and on the right are the gulf and a portion of the village in the distance. Moss Rock is an island, formed by the canal and the river. The summit of this amorphous pile has been suggested as an appropriate site for the proposed monument to the memory of Dewitt Clinton. It seems to me that the spot is singularly appropriate for that purpose. The Erie Canal, with its busy commerce, is his perpetual memorial; and here is the point where the most wonderful triumphs were achieved in the construction of that stupendous work. Here, too, pass all travelers to and from Niagara and the great West from the eastward, and the monument would be seen, if erected there, by more persons than at any other locality that may be named, out of the city of New York.

Little Falls

View at Little Falls. This view was taken from the rail-road near the village, looking down the river.…

Fort Plain block-house. There is considerable confusion in the accounts concerning Fort Plain, for which there is no necessity. There was a stockade about two miles southwest of Fort Plain, called Fort Clyde, in honor of Colonel Clyde, an officer in the Tryon county militia; and another about the same distance northwest, called Fort Plank, or Blank, from the circumstance that it stood upon land owned by Frederic Blank. The latter and Fort Plain have been confounded. Mr. Stone erroneously considered them as one, and says, in his <em>Life of Brant</em> (ii., 95), "The principal work of defense, then called Fort Plank, and subsequently Fort Plain, was situated upon an elevated plain overlooking the valley, near the site of the village still retaining the name of the fortress." Other writers have regarded the block-house as the fort, when, in fact, it was only a part of the fotifications. The drawing here given is from one published in Stone's Life of Brant, with a description from the Fort Plain Journal of December 26th, 1837. Mr. Lipe considered it a correct view, except the lower story, which, it was his impression, was square instead of octagonal, and had four port-holes for heavy ordinance.

Fort Plain

Fort Plain block-house. There is considerable confusion in the accounts concerning Fort Plain, for which…

Old Parsonage and Church. This view is from the high plain on the right of the block-house, looking north. The building upon the hill across the ravine is the old parsonage, which was immediately built upon the ruins of the one that was burned. On the left I have placed a church in its proper relative position to the parsonage, as indicated by Mr. Lipe. It was about half a mile northwest of the fort. On the right are seen the Mohawk River and Plain, a train of cars in the distance, and the hills that bound the view on the north side of the Mohawk Valley, in the direction of Stone Arabia and Klock's Field, where two battles were fought in 1780. These will be hereafter noticed.

Old Parsonage and Church

Old Parsonage and Church. This view is from the high plain on the right of the block-house, looking…

Distant view of Cherry Valley. Cherry Valley derived is name, according to Campbell, from the following circumstance: "Mr. Dunlop [the venerable pastor whose family suffered at the time of the massacre in 1778], engaged in writing some letters, inquired of Mr. Lindesay [the original proprietor of the soil] where he should date them, who proposed the name of a town in Scotland. Mr. Dunlop, pointing to the fine wild cherry-trees and to the valley, replied, 'Let us give our place an appropriate name, and call it Cherry Valley,' which was readily agreed to."

Cherry Valley

Distant view of Cherry Valley. Cherry Valley derived is name, according to Campbell, from the following…

Schuyler's Mansion. This view is from Schuyler Street. The edifice is of brick, having a closed octagonal porch or vestibule in front. It was built by Mrs. Schuyler while her husband was in England in 1760-1. The old family mansion, large and highly ornamented, in the Dutch style, stood nearly upon the site of the present City Hall, between State and Washington Streets. It was taken down in 1800.

Schuyler's Mansion

Schuyler's Mansion. This view is from Schuyler Street. The edifice is of brick, having a closed octagonal…

Washington's head-quarters at Morristown. This view is from the forks of the road, directly in front of the mansion. The house is of brick, covered with planks, and painted white. The rooms are large and well finished, and it was a fine mansion for the times.

Morristown

Washington's head-quarters at Morristown. This view is from the forks of the road, directly in front…

Mrs. Mathews' house. This sketch was made from the left bank of the Rahway, at the site of the old bridge. This is now the rear of the house, but, at the time of the battle, the road was upon this side of it, which formed the front. Remains of the abutments of the old bridge, where the British crossed, may still be seen.

Mrs. Mathews' house

Mrs. Mathews' house. This sketch was made from the left bank of the Rahway, at the site of the old bridge.…

Old Tavern at Elizabethport. This view is looking eastward. In the distance, on the right, is seen a vessel, at the entrance of Newark Bay, and the land beyond is the high ground intervening between it and Jersey City. In one of the rooms of the old tavern is a Franklin stove, which has probably been a tenant there ever since it came from the foundery. I give a sketch of it, not only because it is a relic of the time, but because it doubtless shows the form of the stove as invented by Dr. Franklin in 1742, beore an "improvement" was made. On its front, in raised letters, are the words "Ross and Bird's Hibernia Foundry, 1782." Ross had a foundery at Elizabethtown in 1774, as appears by the inscription upon the dinner-bell of Sir William Johnson, now in the belfry of the old Caughnawaga Chuch at Fonda.

Tavern at Elizabethport

Old Tavern at Elizabethport. This view is looking eastward. In the distance, on the right, is seen a…

Steuben's head-quarters. This view is from the field in front of the house, looking north. The dwelling is at the end of a lane several rods from the main road leading to Middlebrook from New Brunswick. It is on the western side of the Raritan, and about a mile from the bridge near Middlebrook. Only the center building was in existence at the time in question, and that seems to have been enlarged. Each wing has since been added. The interior of the old part is kept in the same condition as it was when Steuben occupied it, being, like most of the better dwellings of that time, neatly wainscoted with pine, wrought into moldings and panels.

Steuben's Head-Quarters

Steuben's head-quarters. This view is from the field in front of the house, looking north. The dwelling…