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Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop. It is a wheat reguiring great heat and sunlight. It resembles clover with clusters of small purple or pale blue flowers that have two or three twirls. The leaflets are in threes, obovate, oblong, and toothed. The fruit n downy pods, as shown here, have two to three twirls.

Lucerne or Alfalfa Plant

Alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an…

Sainfion (Hedysarum onobrychis), a hay, is a leguminous plant with many straggling, tapering, smooth, stems growing from two to three feet long. The leaves are in pairs of pointed, oblong leaflets with a slightly hairy underside. The flower stalks are higher than the leaves, ending in a spike of flowers. The flowers are succeeded by flat, hard pods, toothed on the edges and prickly on the sides. The root is perennial, hard, and woody. The Saifoin flowers in July. The fruit or seed is said to be more nutritious than oats.

Sainfoin

Sainfion (Hedysarum onobrychis), a hay, is a leguminous plant with many straggling, tapering, smooth,…

Sainfion (Hedysarum onobrychis), a hay, is a leguminous plant with many straggling, tapering, smooth, stems growing from two to three feet long. The leaves are in pairs of pointed, oblong leaflets with a slightly hairy underside. The flower stalks are higher than the leaves, ending in a spike of flowers. The flower is shown here. The flowers are succeeded by flat, hard pods, toothed on the edges and prickly on the sides. The root is perennial, hard, and woody. The Saifoin flowers in July. The fruit or seed is said to be more nutritious than oats.

Sainfoin

Sainfion (Hedysarum onobrychis), a hay, is a leguminous plant with many straggling, tapering, smooth,…

Sainfion (Hedysarum onobrychis), a hay, is a leguminous plant with many straggling, tapering, smooth, stems growing from two to three feet long. The leaves are in pairs of pointed, oblong leaflets with a slightly hairy underside. The flower stalks are higher than the leaves, ending in a spike of flowers. The flowers are succeeded by flat, hard pods, toothed on the edges and prickly on the sides. The root is perennial, hard, and woody. The Saifoin flowers in July. The fruit or seed, shown here, is said to be more nutritious than oats.

Sainfoin

Sainfion (Hedysarum onobrychis), a hay, is a leguminous plant with many straggling, tapering, smooth,…

Timothy Grass is commonly grown for cattle feed and, in particular, as hay for horses. It is relatively high in fibre, especially when cut late. It is considered part of the standard mix for grass hay and provides quality nutrition for horses. Timothy is a staple food for domestic pet rabbits, guinea pigs,chinchillas, and degus, often making up the bulk of their diet. Plants persist through the winter, but if my any means, the green portion is severed, at any season of the year, the result will be as we see in the picture here, the death of the plant. Dead, straw-colored flowering stems may persist, but only for a short time, and are recognized by the distinctive spike-like inflorescence.

Timothy Grass

Timothy Grass is commonly grown for cattle feed and, in particular, as hay for horses. It is relatively…

Illustration used to show how to divide a line into any number of equal parts by construction.

Construction Used to Divide a Line Into Equal Parts

Illustration used to show how to divide a line into any number of equal parts by construction.

"Barry of eight pieces, azure and argent. BARRY. A field divided transversely into several equal parts, and consisting of two different tinctures interchangeably disposed." -Hall, 1862

Barry Ordinary

"Barry of eight pieces, azure and argent. BARRY. A field divided transversely into several equal parts,…

Pecopteris, frond of an ancient tree fern, was a form genus of leaves from several unrelated plant groups that flourished the early Carboniferous period and on to c. 250 Ma. Pecopteris first appeared in the Devonian period, but flourished in the Carboniferous, especially the Pennsylvanian. Plants bearing these leaves went extinct around the beginning of the Permian period.

Pecopteris Tree Fern

Pecopteris, frond of an ancient tree fern, was a form genus of leaves from several unrelated plant groups…

Animal nerve cells are specialized cells called neurons. Figure 1C is a nerve cell with parts of its fiber.

Nerve Cell

Animal nerve cells are specialized cells called neurons. Figure 1C is a nerve cell with parts of its…

The class of crustacea is divided into two sub-classes, Entomostraca and Malacostraca. The first, Entomostraca, contains the fairy-shrimps (Branchipus). A simple Crustacean, the fairy shrimp body is distinctly separated into head, thorax, and abdomen. This diagram shows parts of the fairy-shimp, (b) brood-pouch, (e,e') compound and simple eyes, (f) paddle-shaped feet, (h) tubular heart, and (i) intestine.

Fairy-shrimp

The class of crustacea is divided into two sub-classes, Entomostraca and Malacostraca. The first, Entomostraca,…

Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing chelicerate arthropods. Trapdoor spiders, of family Ctenizidae, are medium-sized mygalomorph spiders that construct burrows with a cork-like trapdoor made of soil, vegetation and silk. The Trapdoor Spider is difficult to see when it is closed because the plant and soil materials effectively camouflage it. The trapdoor is hinged on one side with silk. The spiders, which are usually nocturnal, typically wait for prey while holding onto the underside of the door with the claws on their tarsi. Prey is captured when insects, other arthropods, or small vertebrates venture too close to the half-open trapdoor at night. The spider detects the prey by vibrations and when it comes close enough, the spider leaps out of its burrow and captures it.

Trapdoor Spider

Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing chelicerate arthropods. Trapdoor spiders, of family Ctenizidae,…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. The female is wingless and has a large waxen egg-sac (e.s.) attached to her body.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. Male scale insects are unusual in possessing only one pair of wings, thus making them resemble true flies (Diptera), though they lack the halteres (rudimentary hind wings) seen in flies, and have tail filaments, which do not occur in flies.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

Ichneumon flies are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another insect which finally dies. As with all hymenopterans, ichneumons are closely related to ants and bees. The female finds a host and lays an egg on, near, or inside the host's body. Upon hatching, the larval ichneumon feeds either externally or internally, killing the host when they themselves are ready to pupate. The large ichneumon fly (Thakessa), with long flexable ovipositor. The various parts of ths ovipositor are spread aapart in the figure; naturally they lie together to form a single piercing organ.

Ichneumon Fly

Ichneumon flies are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. This is a bit of leaf with scales.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. This is an adult female scale.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. This is the wax scale under which the female lives.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. This is a scale larva.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily Coccoidea. There are about 8,000 species of scale insects. Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system. This is an adult male scale.

Scale Insects

The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, generally classified as the superfamily…

The sense of taste enables us to test in some degree the chemical constitution of substances we take into the mouth as food. These organs are located in the mouth or on the mouth parts. This example shows a vertical section of large papilla on the tongue of a calf detailing the taste buds

Sense of Taste

The sense of taste enables us to test in some degree the chemical constitution of substances we take…

"Argent, a boar's head erect, and erased. ERECT. This is said of any animal or parts of animals, naturally horizontal, being placed in a perpendicular direction." -Hall, 1862

Boar's Head Erect

"Argent, a boar's head erect, and erased. ERECT. This is said of any animal or parts of animals, naturally…

"Argent, a fess humetty gules, between three mullets sable. HUMETTY. A term used to denote an ordinary, parts of which are couped or cut off, so that it does not touch the edges of the shield." -Hall, 1862

Fess Humetty

"Argent, a fess humetty gules, between three mullets sable. HUMETTY. A term used to denote an ordinary,…

"fig. 25 - Topography of a Bird. 1, forehead (frons). 2, lore. 3, circumocular region. 4, crown (vertex). 5, eye. 6, hind head (occiput). 7, nape (nucha). 8, hind neck (cervix). 9, side of neck. 10, interscapular region. 11, dorsum, or back proper, including 10. 12, notaeum, or upper part of body proper, including 10, 11, and 13. 13, rump (uropygium). 14, upper tail-coverts. 15, tail. 16, under tail-coverts (crissum). 17, tarsus. 18, abdomen. 19, hind toe (hallux). 20, gastraeum, including 18 and 24. 21, outer and fourth toe. 22, middle and third toe. 23, side of the body. 24, breast (pectus). 25, primaries. 26, secondaries. 27, tertiaries; nos. 25, 26, 27 are all coverts. 28, primary coverts. 29, alula, or bastard wing. 30, greater coverts. 31, median coverts. 32, lesser coverts. 33, the "throat," including 34, 37, 38. 34, jugulum or lower throat. 35, auriculars. 36, malar region. 37, gula, or middle throat. 38, mentum, or chin. 39, angle of commissure, or corner of mouth. 40, ramus of under mandible. 41, side of under mandible. 42, gonys. 43, apex, or tip of bill. 44, tomia, or cutting edges of the bill. 45, culmen, or ridge of upper mandible, corresponding to gonys. 46, side of upper mandible. 47, nostril. 48, passes across the bill a little in front of it base." Elliot Coues, 1884

Topography of a Bird

"fig. 25 - Topography of a Bird. 1, forehead (frons). 2, lore. 3, circumocular region. 4, crown (vertex).…

"Fig. 26 - Parts of a Bill. a, side of upper mandible; b, culmen; c, nasal fossa; d, nostril; e(see below); f, gape, or whole commissural line; g, rictus; h, commissural point or angle of the mouth; i, ramus of under jaw; j, tomia of under mandible (the reference lines e should have been drawn to indicate the correct tomia of upper mandible):k, angle of gonys; l, gonys; m, side of under mandible; n, tips of mandibles." Elliot Coues, 1884

The Parts of a Bird Bill

"Fig. 26 - Parts of a Bill. a, side of upper mandible; b, culmen; c, nasal fossa; d, nostril; e(see…

"Paly of four, argent and gules. PALY. A field divided by perpendicular lines into several equal parts of metal and tincture interchangeably disposed." -Hall, 1862

Paly

"Paly of four, argent and gules. PALY. A field divided by perpendicular lines into several equal parts…

"PARTED PER PALE AND PER BEND SINISTER Counterchanged, or and gules. PARTY or PARTED signifies divided, and applies to the several parts of an escutcheon parted by a line, which always runs in the direction of one or more of the honourable ordinaries." -Hall, 1862

Parted Per Pale and Per Bend Sinister

"PARTED PER PALE AND PER BEND SINISTER Counterchanged, or and gules. PARTY or PARTED signifies divided,…

"PARTED PER PALE AND PER CHEVRON Gules and or, counter changed. PARTY or PARTED signifies divided, and applies to the several parts of an escutcheon parted by a line, which always runs in the direction of one or more of the honourable ordinaries." -Hall, 1862

Parted Per Pale and Per Chevron

"PARTED PER PALE AND PER CHEVRON Gules and or, counter changed. PARTY or PARTED signifies divided, and…

"QUARTERED. A shield divided into four equal parts by a cross is said to be quartered. The quarter occupying the dexter chief is marked 1, or the first quarter; that occupying the sinister chief, 2; the dexter base, 3; the sinister base, 4; as in the annexed example." -Hall, 1862

Quartered

"QUARTERED. A shield divided into four equal parts by a cross is said to be quartered. The quarter occupying…

"Seeds Germinating. The central figure shows a plant which has newly appeared above ground." -Whitney, 1911

Germination

"Seeds Germinating. The central figure shows a plant which has newly appeared above ground." -Whitney,…

"Gill of Fish. A, first branchial arch of left side of black-bass: 1, gill-rakers; 2, branchial lamellae. C, same, in cross-section: 7, branchial lamellae; 8, a gill-raker. B, same arch of striped-bass, with appendages removed: 3, 4, 5, and 6, pharyngobranchial, epibranchial, ceratobranchial, and hypobranchial segments." -Whitney, 1911

Parts of Fish Gills

"Gill of Fish. A, first branchial arch of left side of black-bass: 1, gill-rakers; 2, branchial lamellae.…

The Bowman's Root (Gillenia trifoliata) is an ornamental plant in the rose family, Rosaceae.

Bowman's Root

The Bowman's Root (Gillenia trifoliata) is an ornamental plant in the rose family, Rosaceae.

The Ginger plant (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant in the Zingiberaceae family.

Ginger Plant

The Ginger plant (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant in the Zingiberaceae family.

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. a, branchlet with male flowers." -Whitney, 1911

Ginkgo Biloba Branchlet

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. a, branchlet with male flowers." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. b, branchlet with female flowers." -Whitney, 1911

Ginkgo Biloba Branchlet

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. b, branchlet with female flowers." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. c, naked seed, immature." -Whitney, 1911

Immature Ginkgo Seed

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. c, naked seed, immature." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. d, naked seed, mature." -Whitney, 1911

Mature Ginkgo Seed

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. d, naked seed, mature." -Whitney, 1911

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. e, naked seed, mature, deprived of the outer fleshy testa." -Whitney, 1911

Mature Ginkgo Seed

"Gingko biloba, or Salisburia adiantifolia. e, naked seed, mature, deprived of the outer fleshy testa."…

"Branch and Root of Ginseng (Aralia ginseng)." -Whitney, 1911

Ginseng Branch and Root

"Branch and Root of Ginseng (Aralia ginseng)." -Whitney, 1911

"The camelopard, Giraffa camelopardalis or Camelopardalis giraffa, a ruminant animal inhabiting various parts of Africa, and constituting the only species of its genus and family." -Whitney, 1911

Giraffe

"The camelopard, Giraffa camelopardalis or Camelopardalis giraffa, a ruminant animal inhabiting various…

"Flowering Branch of Glaux maritima. GLAUX. A primulaceous genus of plants, consisting of a single species, G. maritima, known as sea-milkwort or black saltwort." -Whitney, 1911

Sea Milkwort

"Flowering Branch of Glaux maritima. GLAUX. A primulaceous genus of plants, consisting of a single species,…

"Branch and Pod of Honey-locust (Gleditschia triacanthos). GLEDITSCHIA. A genus of leguminous thorny trees, with abruptly once or twice pinnate leaves, inconspicuous greenish and polygamous flowers, and flat pods." -Whitney, 1911

Honey Locust

"Branch and Pod of Honey-locust (Gleditschia triacanthos). GLEDITSCHIA. A genus of leguminous thorny…

"Globe-flower (Trollius Europaeus). The Trollius Europaeus, a ranunculaceous plant of Great Britain and the mountains of central Europe, with deeply lobed leaves and pale-yellow flowers." -Whitney, 1911

Globe Flower

"Globe-flower (Trollius Europaeus). The Trollius Europaeus, a ranunculaceous plant of Great Britain…

"Flower of Gloriosa superba. GLORIOSA. A genus of tuberous-rooted liliaceaous plants, with opposite or whorled leaves terminating in tendrils by which they climb, and with large and beautiful red or yellows flowers. There are three species, of tropical Asia and Africa, cultivated in greenhouses." -Whitney, 1911

Gloriosa

"Flower of Gloriosa superba. GLORIOSA. A genus of tuberous-rooted liliaceaous plants, with opposite…

"Glycrrhiza glabra. GLYCYRRHIZA. A plant with a sweet root, licorice, also spelled liquorice. A genus of leguminous perennial herbs, nearly allied to Astragalus, and including a dozen species, which are widely distributed through temperate regions." -Whitney, 1911

Licorice

"Glycrrhiza glabra. GLYCYRRHIZA. A plant with a sweet root, licorice, also spelled liquorice. A genus…

"Flower of Gordonia pubescens. GORDONIA. A ternstroemiaceous genus, of two species, very ornamental evergreen shrubs or small trees of the southern United States, with large white flowers." -Whitney, 1911

Gordonia

"Flower of Gordonia pubescens. GORDONIA. A ternstroemiaceous genus, of two species, very ornamental…

"Fig. 19 - A partly pennaceous, partly plumulaceous feather, from Argus pheasant; after Nitzsch. ad, main stem; d, calamus; a, rhachis; c, c, c, vanes, cut away on left side in order not to interfere with b, the after-shaft, the whole of the right vane of which is likewise cut away." Elliot Coues, 1884

Feather from a Argus Pheasant

"Fig. 19 - A partly pennaceous, partly plumulaceous feather, from Argus pheasant; after Nitzsch. ad,…

"Fig. - 20 - Two barbs, a, a, of a vane, bearing anterior, b, b, and posterior, c, barbules; enlarged; after Nitzsch." Elliot Coues, 1884

Structure of a Feather

"Fig. - 20 - Two barbs, a, a, of a vane, bearing anterior, b, b, and posterior, c, barbules; enlarged;…

"Fig. 21. -A single barbule, baring barbicels and hooklets; magnified; after Nitzsch. ...barbicels (another dimin. of barba), also called cilia, or lashes (fig. 21); and hamuli, or hooklets (Lat. hamulus, a little hook; fig 21). These are simply a sort of fringe to the barbules, just as if the lower edge of the barbules were frayed out, and only differ from each other in that barbicels are plain hair like processes, while hamuli are hooked at the end; they are not found on all feathers, nor on all parts of some feathers." Elliot Coues, 1884

Single Barbule

"Fig. 21. -A single barbule, baring barbicels and hooklets; magnified; after Nitzsch. ...barbicels (another…

"Fig. 24. - Pterylosis of Cyoselus apus, drawn by Coues after Nitzsch; right hand upper, left hand lower, surface. 1 spinal tract; 2. humeral; 3. femoral; 4. capital; 5. alar; 6. caudal; 7. crural; 8. ventral." Elliot Coues, 1884

Pterylosis of Cypselus Apus

"Fig. 24. - Pterylosis of Cyoselus apus, drawn by Coues after Nitzsch; right hand upper, left hand lower,…

"Fig 27. - Bones of the right wing of a duck, Clangula islandica, A, shoulder, omos; B, elbow, ancon; C, wrist, carpus; D, end of principal finger; E, end of hand proper, metacarpus. AB, upper arm, brachium; BC, fore-arm, antibrachium; CD, whole hand or pinion, manus; composed of CE, hand proper or metacarpus, excepting d2; ED, or d2, d3, d4, fingers, digits, digiti, h, humerus; rd, radius; ul, ulna; sc, outer carpal, scapholunare or radiale; cu, inner carpal, cuneiforme or ulnare; these two composing wrist or carpus. mc, the compound hand-bone or metcarpus, composed of three metacarpal bones, bearing as many digits - the outer digit seated upon a protuberance at the head of the metacarpal, the other two situated at the end of the bone. d2, the outer or radial digit, commonly called the thumb or pollex, composed or two phalanges; d3, the middle digit, of two phalanges; d4, the inner or ulnar digit, of one phalanx d2 is the seat of the feathers of the bastard wing or alula. D to C (whole pinion), seat of the flight feathers called primaries; C to B (fore-arm), seat of the secondaries; at B and above it in direction of A, seat of tertiaries proper; below A, in direction of B, seat of scapularies (upon pteryla humeralis), often called tertiaries. The wing shown half-spread: complete extension would bring A B C D into a right line; in complete folding C goes to A, and D to B; all these motions nearly in the plane of the paper. The elbow-joint and wrist are such perfect hinges, that, in opening or closing the wing, C cannot sink below the paper, nor D fly up above the paper, as would otherwise be the effect of the pressure of the air upon the flight-feathers. Observe also rd and ul are two rods connecting B and C; the construction of their joining at B and C, and with each other, is such, that they can slide lengthwise a little upon each other. Now when the point C, revolving about B, approaches A in the arc of a circle, rd pushes on sc, while ul pulls back cu; the motion is transmitted to D, and makes this point approach B. conversely, in opening the wing, rd pulls back sc, and ul pushes on cu, making D recede from B. In other words, the angle A B C cannot be increased or diminished without similarly increasing or diminishing the angle B C D; so that no part of the wing can be opened or shut without automatically opening or shutting the rest..." Elliot Coues, 1884

The Bones of the Right Wing of a Duck

"Fig 27. - Bones of the right wing of a duck, Clangula islandica, A, shoulder, omos; B, elbow, ancon;…

"Fig. 28. - Mechanism of elbow-joint. ..., where rc and uc show respectively the size, shape, and position of the radial condyle and ulnar condyle of the humerus. It is evident that in the flexed state of the elbow, as shown in the middle figure, the radius, rd, is do pushed upon that its end projects beyond ul, the ulna; while in the opposite condition of extension, shown in the lower figure, rd is pulled back to a corresponding extent." Elliot Coues, 1884

Mechanism of the Elbow-Joint

"Fig. 28. - Mechanism of elbow-joint. ..., where rc and uc show respectively the size, shape, and position…

"Fig. 29., from a young grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus, six months old), is designed to show the composition of the carpus and metacarpus before the elements of these bones fuse together: r, radius; u, ulna; s, scapholunar or radiale; c, cuneiform or ulnare; om, a carpal bone believed to be os magnum, later fusing with the metacarpus; z, a carpal bone, supposed to be unciform, later fusing with metacarpus; 8, an unidentified fifth carpal bone, which may be called pentosteon, later fusing with the metacarpus; 7, radial or outer metacarpal bone, bearing the pollex or outer digit, consisting of two phalanges, d and k; 9', principal (median) metacarpal bone, bearing the middle finger, consisting of the two phalanges, d', d"; 9, inner or ulnar metacarpal, bearing a digit of one phalanx, d'". The pieces marked om, z, 7, 8, 9,. all fuse with 9'. (From nature by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U.S.A.)."Elliot Coues, 1884

The Wing Bones of a Young Grouse

"Fig. 29., from a young grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus, six months old), is designed to show the…

"Fig. 30., Feathers of a sparrow's wing. pc, covers of the primaries; msc, median upper secondary coverts; bc, tectrices minores; b, primaries; s, secondaries; t, tertiaries." Elliot Coues, 1884

Feathers of a Sparrow's Wing

"Fig. 30., Feathers of a sparrow's wing. pc, covers of the primaries; msc, median upper secondary coverts;…

"Fig. 31. - Ulna of Colaptes mexicanus, showing points of attachment of the secondaries. (Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U. S. A.)." Elliot Coues, 1884

Red Shafted Woodpecker Ulna

"Fig. 31. - Ulna of Colaptes mexicanus, showing points of attachment of the secondaries. (Dr. R. W.…

"Robin: Upper parts slate-color, with a shade of olive. Head black, the eyelids and a spot before the eye white, and the throat streaked with white. Quills of the wings dusky, edged with hoary ash, and with the color of the back. Tail blackish, the outer feather usually tipped with white. Underparts, to the vent, including the under wing-coverts and tibiae white, showing more or less plumbeous. Bill yellow, often with a dusky tip. Mouth yellow. Eyes dark brown. Feet blackish, the soles yellowish." Elliot Coues, 1884

Robin

"Robin: Upper parts slate-color, with a shade of olive. Head black, the eyelids and a spot before the…

"Wood Thrush. Upper parts, including the surface of the closed wings, tawny-brown, purest and deepest on the head, shading insensibly into olivaceous on the rump and tail. Below, pure white, faintly tinged on the breast with buff, and everywhere, rounded or subtriangular blackish spots. Inner webs and ends of quills fuscous, with a white or buffy edging toward the base. Greater under wing-coverts mostly white. Auriculars sharply streaked with dusky and white. Bill blackish-brown, with flesh-colored or yellowish base. Feet like this part of the bill." Elliot Coues, 1884

Wood Thrush

"Wood Thrush. Upper parts, including the surface of the closed wings, tawny-brown, purest and deepest…

Illustration used to show how to divide a given straight line into any number of equal parts.

Line Divided Into Equal Parts

Illustration used to show how to divide a given straight line into any number of equal parts.

Illustration used to show the various parts of a triangle: sides, angles, medians, altitudes, bisectors, and segments.

Parts Of A Triangle

Illustration used to show the various parts of a triangle: sides, angles, medians, altitudes, bisectors,…

This lady's large hat is curved to the shape of the head with a ribbon and small plant leaves in the center.

Lady's Large Hat

This lady's large hat is curved to the shape of the head with a ribbon and small plant leaves in the…

"Graminae. Flower of a Grass, the glumes are removed. GRAMINAE. In botany, the largest order among endogenous plants except the orchids." -Whitney, 1911

Grass Flower

"Graminae. Flower of a Grass, the glumes are removed. GRAMINAE. In botany, the largest order among endogenous…