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"Boone's Fort. This sketch is from a drawing by Colonel Henderson, and published in Collin's <em>Historical Collections of Kentucky</em>, page 417. It was composed of a number of long-houses disposed in the form of an oblong square. Those at each corner, intended particularly for block-houses, were larger and stronger than the others. The length of the fort was about two hundred and fifty feet, and the width about one hundred and fifty feet."—Lossing, 1851

Boone's Fort

"Boone's Fort. This sketch is from a drawing by Colonel Henderson, and published in Collin's Historical…

"The <em>Chiton Chilensis</em> has a smooth border; it is found in crevices of rocks under stones, near Valparaiso." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Chiton chilensis

"The Chiton Chilensis has a smooth border; it is found in crevices of rocks under stones, near…

"Henry VIII (1509-1547) came to the throne in 1509, inheriting a vast treasure which he owed to the avarice of his father. A young and active man, he was ambitious in the early part of his reign for military distinction and several times he took part in the wars on the continent. These wars gave England small glory and no practical advantage. The only brilliant military achievement of the reign was gained when Henry was abroad; this was the battle of Flodden Field in 1513, where the English defeated the Scotch army which was sent across the border to plunder the northern counties."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Henry VIII

"Henry VIII (1509-1547) came to the throne in 1509, inheriting a vast treasure which he owed to the…

No leaf-sheaths present; flower cluster consisting of one to several showy, irregular, yellow, or purple blossoms.

Utricularia

No leaf-sheaths present; flower cluster consisting of one to several showy, irregular, yellow, or purple…

Leaves with blunt lobes; flower conspicuous, purple, not on a fleshy axis enclosed in a leaf-like sheath.

Pontederia

Leaves with blunt lobes; flower conspicuous, purple, not on a fleshy axis enclosed in a leaf-like sheath.

"a poisonous plant, monk's-hood, wolf's-bane."-Whitney, 1902

Aconite

"a poisonous plant, monk's-hood, wolf's-bane."-Whitney, 1902

"Red Baneberry, showing flowering plant and fruiting raceme."-Whitney, 1902

Actaea

"Red Baneberry, showing flowering plant and fruiting raceme."-Whitney, 1902

calyx of flower bearing a crest above.

Scutellaria

calyx of flower bearing a crest above.

"&AElig;sculus Hippocastanum (a, flower; b, seed; c, seed cut longitudinally."-Whitney, 1902

Aesculus

"Æsculus Hippocastanum (a, flower; b, seed; c, seed cut longitudinally."-Whitney, 1902

"Agrimony (Agrimonia Eupatoria) showing branch, flowering spray, and fruit."-Whitney, 1902

Agrimensor

"Agrimony (Agrimonia Eupatoria) showing branch, flowering spray, and fruit."-Whitney, 1902

"Seeds cut vertically, showing their Embryos and Albumen."-Whitney, 1902

Seeds

"Seeds cut vertically, showing their Embryos and Albumen."-Whitney, 1902

"Aloe Vulgaris, with flower entire and cut longitudinally."-Whitney, 1902

Aloe

"Aloe Vulgaris, with flower entire and cut longitudinally."-Whitney, 1902

"Of genus Amaryllis- A genus of bulbous plants, natural order amaryllidac&aelig;, with large, bright colored, lily-shaped flowers upon a stout scape."-Whitney, 1902

Belladonna Lily

"Of genus Amaryllis- A genus of bulbous plants, natural order amaryllidacæ, with large, bright…

"Ament-A kind of inflorescence consisting of unisexual apetalous flowers growing in the axils of scales or bracts ranged along a talk or axis."-Whitney, 1902

Willow

"Ament-A kind of inflorescence consisting of unisexual apetalous flowers growing in the axils of scales…

"The working bee, for collecting wax, enters a flower, the stamens of which are loaded with pollen. This dust attaches itself to the brush-like hairs covering the body of the bee, when, by rubbing itself with the brushes with which the tarsi are furnished, the insect collects it into little parcels, which it places on small palettes, hollowed out on the surface of its hund limbs." &mdash Goodrich, 1859

Drone Bee

"The working bee, for collecting wax, enters a flower, the stamens of which are loaded with pollen.…

""The working bee, for collecting wax, enters a flower, the stamens of which are loaded with pollen. This dust attaches itself to the brush-like hairs covering the body of the bee, when, by rubbing itself with the brushes with which the tarsi are furnished, the insect collects it into little parcels, which it places on small palettes, hollowed out on the surface of its hund limbs." &mdash Goodrich, 1859

Working Bees

""The working bee, for collecting wax, enters a flower, the stamens of which are loaded with pollen.…

"Tubular Androphore and section of flower of Malva Sylvestris."-Whitney, 1902

Androphore

"Tubular Androphore and section of flower of Malva Sylvestris."-Whitney, 1902

"Common Wood-Anemone."-Whitney, 1902

Anemone

"Common Wood-Anemone."-Whitney, 1902

"Section of Head of Sunflower. a, receptacle, or anthoclinium."-Whitney, 1902

Sunflower

"Section of Head of Sunflower. a, receptacle, or anthoclinium."-Whitney, 1902

"Flower of the grape vine; Anticuous Anthers."-Whitney, 1902

Grapevine Flower

"Flower of the grape vine; Anticuous Anthers."-Whitney, 1902

"Inflorescence of Aquilegia vulgaris (garden columbine). a, flower; b, same, cut vertically; c, pistils."-Whitney, 1902

Aquilegia

"Inflorescence of Aquilegia vulgaris (garden columbine). a, flower; b, same, cut vertically; c, pistils."-Whitney,…

"The Foficulina includes the Earwig, <em>Forficula</em>, which appears to live principally upon vegetable substances. As this trie often attack the petals of flowers, they are regarded as enemies by the gardener." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Earwigs

"The Foficulina includes the Earwig, Forficula, which appears to live principally upon vegetable…

"Cloves are a very pungent and aromatic spice, the dried flower-buds of a tree a native of the Molucca Islands, belonging to the myrtle tribe, now cultivated in Sumatra, Mauritius, Malacca, Jamaica, etc. Every part of the plant abounds in the volatile oil for which the flower-buds are prized."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Cloves

"Cloves are a very pungent and aromatic spice, the dried flower-buds of a tree a native of the Molucca…

"Mountain-Tobacco (Arnica montana)."-Whitney, 1902

Mountain Tobacco

"Mountain-Tobacco (Arnica montana)."-Whitney, 1902

"Arnotto-extremely common in Jamaica and other parts of the West Indies, and has been introduced into tropical regions of the old world."-Whitney, 1902

Arnotto

"Arnotto-extremely common in Jamaica and other parts of the West Indies, and has been introduced into…

"The Corn flower is a well-known composite weed of cornfields, universally known and admired for the beauty of its wreath-like circle of outer barren florets, and the splendid deep azure of their hue."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Corn flower

"The Corn flower is a well-known composite weed of cornfields, universally known and admired for the…

"The Corn flower is a well-known composite weed of cornfields, universally known and admired for the beauty of its wreath-like circle of outer barren florets, and the splendid deep azure of their hue."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Corn flower

"The Corn flower is a well-known composite weed of cornfields, universally known and admired for the…

"Cotton is a vegetable hair or filament constituting the wing of the seed of the different species of Gossypium, a plant growing both in the temperate and tropical climates, indigenous in Asia, Africa, and south America. All the varieties of the plant require a dry and sandy soil. In general it flourishes most luxuriantly and yields produce of the best quality on the coast. In the United States a large proportion of the crop is grown W. of the Mississippi."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Cotton Plant

"Cotton is a vegetable hair or filament constituting the wing of the seed of the different species of…

"Cotton is a vegetable hair or filament constituting the wing of the seed of the different species of Gossypium, a plant growing both in the temperate and tropical climates, indigenous in Asia, Africa, and south America. All the varieties of the plant require a dry and sandy soil. In general it flourishes most luxuriantly and yields produce of the best quality on the coast. In the United States a large proportion of the crop is grown W. of the Mississippi."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Cotton Flower

"Cotton is a vegetable hair or filament constituting the wing of the seed of the different species of…

"Cotton is a vegetable hair or filament constituting the wing of the seed of the different species of Gossypium, a plant growing both in the temperate and tropical climates, indigenous in Asia, Africa, and south America. All the varieties of the plant require a dry and sandy soil. In general it flourishes most luxuriantly and yields produce of the best quality on the coast. In the United States a large proportion of the crop is grown W. of the Mississippi."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Cotton Flower

"Cotton is a vegetable hair or filament constituting the wing of the seed of the different species of…

"Daffodil is the popular name of a plant which is one of the earliest ornaments of our gardens, being favorite objects of cultivation."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Daffodil

"Daffodil is the popular name of a plant which is one of the earliest ornaments of our gardens, being…

"Tuberose (Polianthus) is a genus of plants of the natural order Liliace&aelig;. The plant is in high esteem for the beauty and fragrance of its flowers, the odor of which is most powerful after sunset. The fading flowers emit, in certain states of the atmosphere, an electric light and sparks. The native country of the tuberose is Mexico. They are very extensively grown by American and British florists, who, by planting the roots successionally, manage to keep up a supply of flowers at all seasons. There are several varieties."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Double Tuberose

"Tuberose (Polianthus) is a genus of plants of the natural order Liliaceæ. The plant is in high…

"The Water Lily is an exogenous aquatic plant including eight genera, and all possessing submerged root stocks. They are found in all temperate climates, and attain great size in the tropics. The white water lily is the familiar flower of ponds and placid streams throughout North America, its large and chaste flowers claiming precedence for beauty among the indigenous flora."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

White Water Lily

"The Water Lily is an exogenous aquatic plant including eight genera, and all possessing submerged root…

"Which is without a central peduncle, yet has numerous long appendages hanging from its border." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Cuvieria carisochroma

"Which is without a central peduncle, yet has numerous long appendages hanging from its border." —…

"Iguana is a genus of saurian reptiles, natives of Brazil, Cayenne, the Bahamas, and neighboring localities in the New World. It was formerly very common in Jamaica, but is now becoming gradually rarer. It has a lizard-like form, with a long tail, and an average length of about four feet, though it sometimes reaches a length of fully six feet. Its head is large and covered with large scales. The food of the Iguana consists almost entirely of fruits, fungi, and other vegetable substances, though it occasionally feeds on eggs, insects, and various animal substances. When domesticated it eats leaves and flowers. Along the whole length of the back to the tip of the tail there is a crest of elevated, compressed, pointed scales, while over the lower part of the head and neck there is a deep, thin dewlap or throat pouch, the border describing a curved line and dentilated at the part nearest the chin."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Iguana

"Iguana is a genus of saurian reptiles, natives of Brazil, Cayenne, the Bahamas, and neighboring localities…

"Lady's Slipper is a genus of plants. The genus is remarkable for the large inflated lip of the corolla. Several very beautiful species are natives of the colder parts of North America."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Lady's Slipper

"Lady's Slipper is a genus of plants. The genus is remarkable for the large inflated lip of the corolla.…

"Concave or Adherent Surface of the Nail. <em>A</em>, border of the root; <em>B</em>, whitish portion of semi-lunar shape; <em>C</em>, body of nail. The continuous line around border represents the free edge." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Surface of a nail

"Concave or Adherent Surface of the Nail. A, border of the root; B, whitish portion…

"Lotus is a name given to various flowers, including several beautiful species of water lily, especially the blue water lily, and the Egyptian water lily which grow in stagnant and slowly running water in the S. of Asia and N. of Africa. The latter grows in the Nile and adjacent rivulets and has a large white flower. The root is eaten by the people who live near the lake Manzaleh. It was the rose of ancient Egypt, the favorite flower of the country, and was often made into wreaths or garlands."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Egyptian Water Lily

"Lotus is a name given to various flowers, including several beautiful species of water lily, especially…

"The Marsh Mallow is a softly pubescent plant, with axillary cymes of large rosy leaves. <em>a,</em> flower, <em>b,</em> fruit."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Marsh Mallow

"The Marsh Mallow is a softly pubescent plant, with axillary cymes of large rosy leaves. a,…

"Myrtle is a genus of plants, natural order Myrtace&aelig;, consisting of aromatic trees or shrubs, with simple opposite leaves sprinkled with pellucid glandular points, and having axillary or terminal white or rose colored flowers. One species, common myrtle, is a native of the south of Europe and countries bordering on the Mediterranean."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Myrtle Flower

"Myrtle is a genus of plants, natural order Myrtaceæ, consisting of aromatic trees or shrubs,…

"Narcissus is an extensive genus of bulbous plants. The species are numerous, and from their hardiness, delicate shape, gay yellow or white flowers, and smell, have long been favorite objects of cultivation, especially the daffodil, the jonquil, polyanthus, narcissus, and white narcissus."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Narcissus

"Narcissus is an extensive genus of bulbous plants. The species are numerous, and from their hardiness,…

"Nelumbium is the typical and only genus of the order Nelumbiace&aelig;. The species are remarkable for the beauty of their flowers. N. speciosum has magnificent flowers, magenta or white. It does not now grow in Egypt, but is found in India. The rhizome, stalks, and seeds are eaten by the Hindus. A fiber derived from the stalk is used as a wick for lamps in Hindu temples, the plant being considered sacred. The North American Indians eat the rhizomes of N. luteum."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Nelumbium

"Nelumbium is the typical and only genus of the order Nelumbiaceæ. The species are remarkable…

"A Nurse for the Sick Room." — Blaisedell, 1904

Nurse

"A Nurse for the Sick Room." — Blaisedell, 1904

"Pasiflora is the passion-flower. Generally climbing herbs or shrubs. Fruit succulent, seeds many. Found chiefly in tropical America. The three stigmas seemed to the devout Roman Catholics of South America to represent nails; one transfixing each hand, and one the feet of the crucified Saviour; the five anthers, His five wounds; the rays of the corona, His crown of thorns, or the halo of glory around His head; the digitate leaves, the hands of those who scourged Him; the tendrils, the scourge itself; while, finally, the 10 parts of the perianth were the 10 apostles&ndash; that is, the 12 wanting Judas who betrayed, and Peter who denied, his Lord."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Passion Flower

"Pasiflora is the passion-flower. Generally climbing herbs or shrubs. Fruit succulent, seeds many. Found…

Women playing a lyre.

Greek border

Women playing a lyre.

"signifies, literally, a goat skin. According to ancient mythology, the aegis worn by Jupiter was the hide of the goat Amaltheia, which had suckled him in his infancy. Homer always represents it as part of the armour of Jupiter, whom on this account he distinguishes by the epithet aegis-bearing. He, however, asserts, that it was borrowed on different occasions, both by Apollo and Minerva. The aegis was connected with the shield of Jupiter, either serving as a covering over it, or as a belt by which it was suspended from the right shoulder. Homer accordingly uses the word to denote not only the goat-skin, which it properly signified, but also the shield to which it belonged. The aegis was aorned in a style corresponding to the might and majesty of the father of the gods. In the middle of it was fixed the appalling Gorgon's head, and its border was surrounded with golden tassels, each of which was worth a hecatomb. The aegis is usually seen on the statues of Minerva, in which it is a sort of scarf falling obliquely over the right shoulder, so as to pass round the body under the left arm. The serpents of the Gorgon's head are transferred to the border of the skin. The later poets and artists represent the aegis as breastplate covered with metal in the form of scales." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Aegis

"signifies, literally, a goat skin. According to ancient mythology, the aegis worn by Jupiter was the…

"Poppy is a genus of plants, of which there are numerous species, mostly natives of Europe and Asia, some of them found in the very N. regions, but most of them in the warmer temperate parts. By far the most important species is that known as the opium poppy, also called the white poppy and the oil poppy. But the same species is important on account of the bland fixed oil of the seeds, and is much cultivated as an oil plant. Poppy oil is as sweet as olive oil, and is used for similar purposes. It is imported into the United States in considerable quantities from India. A variety with double flowers is cultivated in flower gardens, under the name of carnation poppy. <em>a,</em> whole plant"&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Opium Poppy

"Poppy is a genus of plants, of which there are numerous species, mostly natives of Europe and Asia,…

"The rim or border of anything, especially of a shield or chariot. The trim of the large round shield of the ancient Greeks, was thinner than the part which it enclosed: but on the other hand, the antyx of a chariot must have been thicker than the body to which it gave both form and strength. In front of the chariot the antyx was often raised above the body, into the form of a curvature, which served the purpose of a hook to hang the reins upon." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Antyx

"The rim or border of anything, especially of a shield or chariot. The trim of the large round shield…

"A cap worn by the flamines and salii at Rome. The essential part of the apex, to which alone the name properly belonged, was a pointed piece of olive-wood, the base of which was surrounded with a lock of wool. This was worn on the top of the head, and was held there either by fillets only, or, as was more commonly the case, by the aid of a cap which fitted the head, and was also fastened by means of two strings or bands." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Apex

"A cap worn by the flamines and salii at Rome. The essential part of the apex, to which alone the name…

"Ranunculus, buttercup, crowfoot; the typical genus of the order Ranunculace&aelig;. Known species about 160, from temperate regions. Many have much divided leaves."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ranunculus

"Ranunculus, buttercup, crowfoot; the typical genus of the order Ranunculaceæ. Known species about…

Flower design

Flower

Flower design

Flower design

Flowers

Flower design

Girl holding flowers

Girl with Flowers

Girl holding flowers

Flowers

Flowers

Flowers

Bee wishing it were a Primrose, from "Wishing."

Bee

Bee wishing it were a Primrose, from "Wishing."

"Caryae was a city in Arcadia, near the Laconian border, the inhabitants of which joined the Persians after the battle of Thermopylae. On the defeat of the Persians the allied Greeks destroyed the town, slew the men, and led the women into captivity; and Praxiteles and other Athenian artists employed female figures, representing Caryatidae, or women of Caryae, instead of columns in architecture. This account is illustrated by a bas-relief with a Greek inscription, mentioning the conquest of the Caryatae." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Caryatides

"Caryae was a city in Arcadia, near the Laconian border, the inhabitants of which joined the Persians…

Bee on a flower

Bee

Bee on a flower

Flower

Flower

Flower

"The Taj Mahal, or Mehal, ('Gem of Buildings'), is a famous mausoleum, erected at Agra, India, by Shah Jehan for his favorite wife. It is 186 feet square with the corners cut off, and consists of two tiers of arches, with a single-arched porch in the middle of each side, the whole surmounted by a dome 58 feet in diameter and about 210 feet in height, flanked by four octagonal kiosks. The interior is divided into four domed chambers in the corners, and a large central arcaded octagon, all connecting by corridors. The central octagon contains two cenotaphs surrounded by a very noticeable openwork marble rail. The only light admitted enters through the delicately pierced marble screens of the windows. The decoration is especially noticeable for the stone mosaics of flower themes and arabesques, much of them in agate, jasper, and bloodstone. The entire structure stands on a white marble platform 18 feet high and 313 feet square, with tapering cylindrical minarets 133 feet high at the corners."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Taj Mahal

"The Taj Mahal, or Mehal, ('Gem of Buildings'), is a famous mausoleum, erected at Agra, India, by Shah…

"Tansy is a genus of Composit&aelig;, numbering about 50 species of strong-scented herbs, often shrubby below, with alternate usually much-divided leaves, and solitary or corymbose heads of rayless yellow flowers. The genus is represented in North America, Europe, North and South Africa, temperate and cold Asia. Common tansy has long had a reputation as a medicinal herb, causing it to be much grown in gardens in the past."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Tansy

"Tansy is a genus of Compositæ, numbering about 50 species of strong-scented herbs, often shrubby…