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"Federal artillery taking up position at the Battle of South Mountain. The Federal movement was admirably executed in face of the well-directed fire from the Confederates, who had the advantage of position and could contest almost every inch of the steep, wooded and rocky approach. By four o'clock (September 14th, 1862) the engagement became general, and the entire ground was vigorously contested until the crest was reached and darkness put an end to the fight. In this engagement the total loss on both sides in killed, wounded and missing was nearly 3,000. General Jesse L. Reno was killed while at the head of his command, and was replaced by General Cox, General Hatch and Colonel Wainwright being severely wounded."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of South Mountain

"Federal artillery taking up position at the Battle of South Mountain. The Federal movement was admirably…

"'The Forlorn Hope.' Volunteers storming party, consisting of portions of the Seventh Michigan and Nineteenth Massachusetts crossing the Rappahannock in advance of the Grand Army, to drive off the Confederate riflemen who were firing upon the Federal pontioniers, Wednesday, December 10th, 1862. We illustrate one of those numerous acts of daring which have raised the character of the Federal soldier to the highest position in the military world. When the fire of the enemy from the rifle pits on the south side of the Rappahannock became so deadly that the pontoniers could not carry on their work, General Burnside called for 100 volunteers to cross and dislodge, at the bayonet's point, the concealed sharpshooters. Thousands sprang forward, but only the number required was chosen. These consisted of men from the Seventh Michigan and Nineteenth Massachusetts Regiments. With the utmost alacrity this gallant 'forlorn hope' sprang into the boats, and, on reaching the other side, drove the Confederates from their posts at the point of the bayonet, capturing 39 prisoners. Only one man was killed and give wounded in this desperate duty. The bridge was soon finished, and a sufficient force passed over to hold the town."— Frank Leslie, 1896

The Forlorn Hope

"'The Forlorn Hope.' Volunteers storming party, consisting of portions of the Seventh Michigan and Nineteenth…

"Naval action between the United States war steamer <em>Mississippi</em> and the Confederate iron-cased floating battery ram and other steamers, off the mouth of the Pass A L'outre, New Orleans, January 1st, 1862."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Naval Battle

"Naval action between the United States war steamer Mississippi and the Confederate iron-cased…

"Bird's-eye view of the burning of a Confederate schooner in Quantico or Dumfries Creek, Potomac River, on the night of October 11th, 1861. On the 10th of October, 1861, Lieutenant Harrell, commanding the steamer <em>Union</em>, of the Potomac Flotilla, stationed at the mouth of Aquia Creek, learning that the Confederates had fitted out a large schooner in Quantico or Dumfries Creek, and had collected a considerable body of troops there, with the intention of crossing the Potomac, determined that the vessel should be destroyed. He accordingly organized an expedition, and with one boat and two launches entered the mouth of the creek about half-past two o'clock on the morning of the 11th. The schooner was discovered some distance up, in charge of a single sentry, who fled and gave the alarm. She was immediately boarded and set on fire; and when her destruction was rendered certain Lieutenant Harrell's men returned to their boats and pulled again for the steamer. Their position was fully revealed by the light of the burning schooner, and they were fired upon continuously from both banks of the narrow stream, but not one of them was injured, though their clothing in many instances was perforated with bullets. The success of the enterprise was complete."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Confederate Schooner

"Bird's-eye view of the burning of a Confederate schooner in Quantico or Dumfries Creek, Potomac River,…

"Encampment of Colonel Max Weber's German Turner Rifle Regiment, Twentieth New York Volunteers, at Hampton Creek, Va.- officers' quarters at the summer residence of Ex-President Tyler."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Encampment of Colonel Max Weber's Rifle Regiment

"Encampment of Colonel Max Weber's German Turner Rifle Regiment, Twentieth New York Volunteers, at Hampton…

"Thoroughfare Gap, Va., a pass in the mountains on the Manassas Gap Railroad, near Strasburg, held by General Geary. This famous natural break in that part of the mountain ridge called Bull Run Mountain is about nine miles northeast of Warrenton, forty-seven miles southwest of Washington, and one hundred and twenty-four miles from Richmond. The western side is of granite, covered with soil, on which trees grow up to the summit. On the east side is the Gap, which has been called the Virginia Thermopylae, since a few determined men might hold it against thousands. This splendid defense caught the eye of General Geary, and had there been a necessity to act on the defensive he had resolved there to make his stand. The rocks lie scattered around in such wild confusion as to suggest the idea of being the result of some convulsion of nature. Near the Gap is a spring, issuing from under an immense rock, of the purest and coldest water, which is neither increased nor diminished in any season. It stands on the roadside, and is called by travelers 'The Diamond Spring in Palestine.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Thoroughfare Gap

"Thoroughfare Gap, Va., a pass in the mountains on the Manassas Gap Railroad, near Strasburg, held by…

"The campaign in Kentucky, Federal troops under General Johnston, advancing on the Louisville and Nashville Turnpike, overtaken by the equipage and baggage train on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Campaign in Kentucky

"The campaign in Kentucky, Federal troops under General Johnston, advancing on the Louisville and Nashville…

"Confederate position near Centreville, Va., at the crossing of the Orange and Alexandria Railway over Bull Run, showing Confederate encampment, fortifications, etc. Our illustration of the Confederate position near Centreville, the scene of the first battle of Bull Run, cannot fail to interest our readers. The advance of the Federal army into Virginia is thus described by our correspondent: 'About noon Generals McClellan and McDowell, with their staffs, and two thousand cavalry for an escort, came up and took the road to Manassas. All along, to the left of the road, was one continuous string of huts, tents and forts, all empty now. The tree-tops bear the evidence of the way the shot and shell flew around. Large limbs were cut off, and tree-tops twisted in a hundred directions, as though struck by lightning."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Confederate Position

"Confederate position near Centreville, Va., at the crossing of the Orange and Alexandria Railway over…

"Erecting stockades at Newport News, Va., by the Federal Troops, June 1861."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Stockades at Newport News

"Erecting stockades at Newport News, Va., by the Federal Troops, June 1861."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Interior of the principal Confederate fortifications near New Berne, N. C., after their capture by the Federal forces under General Burnside, March 14th, 1862. In our previous parts we have given so complete a narrative of the New Berne Expedition that a very few words will suffice to explain our sketch. Fort Thompson was one of the forts situated on the Neuse to defend the city against a naval force. Of the appearance after its capture our artist said: 'Had the garrison been worthy of the fortification this place might have given our gunboats some trouble; but, after receiving a few of the well-directed shells sent by Commodore Rowan, the place was ours.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Confederate Fortifications

"Interior of the principal Confederate fortifications near New Berne, N. C., after their capture by…

"Destruction of the famous Confederate privateer <em>Nashville</em>, in the Ogeechee River, Ga., by the Federal ironclad <em>Montauk</em>, Captain Worden, February 28th, 1863. Captain Worden's report: 'The enemy's steamer <em>Nashville</em> was observed by me in motion above the battery known as for McAllister. A reconnoissance immediately made proved that in moving up the river she had grounded in that part known as Seven' Miles Reach. Believing that I could, by approaching close to the battery, reach and destroy her, I moved up at daylight this morning, accompanied by the blockading fleet in these waters. By moving up close to the obstructions I was enabled, although under a very heavy fire from the battery, to appraoch the <em>Nashville</em> still aground, within the distance of twelve hundred yards. A few well-directed shells determined the range, and I soon succeeded in striking her with 11-inch and 15-inch shells. The other gunboats maintained a fire from an enfilading position upon the battery and the <em>Nashville</em> at long range. I soon had the satisfaction of observing that the <em>Nashville</em> had caught fire from the shells xploding in her in several places, and in less than twenty minutes she was caught in flames forward, aft and amidships. At 9:20 A. M. a large pivot gun mounted abaft her foremast exploded from the heat; at 9:40 her smoke chimney went by the board, and at 9:55 her magazine exploded with terrific violence, shattering her in smoking ruins. nothing remains of her. The battery kept up a continuous fire upon this vessel, striking her but five times, and doing no damage whatever.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Destruction of Nashville

"Destruction of the famous Confederate privateer Nashville, in the Ogeechee River, Ga., by…

"The Confederate privateer steamer <em>Alabama</em> (290). Captain Raphael Semmes. Our illustration of the <em>Alabama</em> was taken from a photograph while she was at Liverpool, where she was facetiously termed the Emperor of China's yacht. The <em>Alabama</em> was built at Birkenhead; she was about 1,200 tons burden, with draught of about 14 feet; her engines built by Laird & Sons, of Birkenhead, 1862. She was a wooden vessel propelled by a screw, copper bottom, about 210 feet long, rather narrow, painted black outside and drab inside; had a round stern, billethead, very little sheer, flushed deck fore and aft; a bridge forward of the smokestack; carried two large black boats on cranes amidships forward of the main rigging; two black quarter boats between the main and mizzen masts, one small black boat over the stern on cranes; the square spars on a gallows between the bridge and foremast showed above the rail. She carried three long 32-pounders on a side, and was pierced for two more amidships; had a 100-pound rifled pivot gun forward of the bridge, and a 68-pound pivot on the main track; had tracks laid forward for a pivot bow gun, and tracks aft for a pivot stern chaser; her guns were of the Blakely pattern, and were manufactured by Wesley & Preston, Liverpool, 1862. She took her armament and crew and most of her officers on board near Terceira. Wester Islands, from an English vessel. Her commander was Raphael Semmes."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Steamer Alabama

"The Confederate privateer steamer Alabama (290). Captain Raphael Semmes. Our illustration…

"Extempore musical and terpischorean entertainment at the United States arsenal, Baton Rouge, La., under the patronage of the Forty-First Massachusetts, the one hundred and Thirty-First New York and the Twenty-Fifth Connecticut Volunteers- contraband children dancing the breakdown. If anything were necessary to show the sensuous nature of music, it would be found in the eagerness with which the contraband race pursued it. The Federals, with that love of fun which ever distinguishes the brave soldier off duty, got up, a few evenings after their arrival at Baton Rouge, an extempore musical and terpsichorean entertainment, in which the darky element was largely and loudly represented. The hall was one of the extensive rooms in the United States Arsenal building, and prominent among the promoters were the Forty-first Massachusetts, One Hundred and Thirty-first New York and the Twenty-fifth Cennecticut Volunteers. One of the features was a breakdown, which was dance, or rather jumped, with great vigor by a couple of contraband juveniles."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Civil War Musical Entertainment

"Extempore musical and terpischorean entertainment at the United States arsenal, Baton Rouge, La., under…

"Return of a foraging party of the Twenty-fourth Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers, with their spoils, to Baton Rouge, having captured horses, carts, wagons, mules, contrabands, provisions, etc. On January 29th, 1863, General Grover, who commanded at Baton Rouge, having received intelligence that a large quantity of supplies had been gathered at a place some miles away, sent a foraging party, consisting of the Twenty-fourth Connecticut Regiment, to capture them. This was happily accomplished without losing a man, the Confederate guard flying at the first sight of the Federal party. The spoils were several horses, carts, wagons, mules, corn and potatoes, saying nothing of a few 'contrabands' who came to enjoy 'Massa Linkum's' proclomation."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Foraging spoils

"Return of a foraging party of the Twenty-fourth Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers, with their spoils,…

"Federal Hill, Baltimore, taken from the North side basin, occupied by the Federal Troops."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Federal Hill

"Federal Hill, Baltimore, taken from the North side basin, occupied by the Federal Troops."— Frank…

"Exterior view of Fort Clinch, on Amelia Island, Fla., commanding the Harbor of Fernandina, captured by the Federal Land and Naval forces under Commodore Dupont and General Wright, March 4th, 1862. On the 4th of March, 1862, the Federal forces, under the command of Commodore Dupont and General H. G. Wright, took full possession of Fernandina, the chief, indeed almost the only, port on the Atlantic side of Florida. Fernandina is situated on the northwest part of Amelia Island, which forms part of the Atlantic seaboard of Florida. The northern and principal approach to it is through Cumberland Sound, defended by Fort Clinch, which is situated on the northwest point of Amelia Island, and about three miles north of Fernandina. Fernandina is the Atlantic terminus of the Florida Railroad, which runs to Cedar Keys, in the Gulf of Mexico. Fort Clinch is a casemated building, and by its capture and the surrounding earthworks twelve heavy guns fell into the hands of the Federals."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Fort Clinch

"Exterior view of Fort Clinch, on Amelia Island, Fla., commanding the Harbor of Fernandina, captured…

"Encampment of the First Vermont Regiment, Colonel Phelps, at Newport News, Va."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Vermont Regiment

"Encampment of the First Vermont Regiment, Colonel Phelps, at Newport News, Va."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Interior view of Fort Clinch, on Amelia Island, Fla., commanding the Harbor of Fernandina, captured by the Federal Land and Naval forces under Commodore Dupont and General Wright, March 4th, 1862. Commodore Dupont, in speaking of the fortifications, said: 'I visited the town, Fort Clinch, and the earthworks on the sea face of the island. It is impossible to look at these preparations for a vigorous defense without being surprised that they should have been voluntarily deserted. The batteries on the north and northeast shores are as complete as art can make them. Six are well concealed, and protected by ranges of sandhills in front of them, and contain perfect shelter for the men, and are so small and thoroughly covered by the natural growth and the various contours of the land, that to strike them from the water would be the mere result of chance. A battery of six guns, though larger and affording, therefore, a better mark, is equally well sheltered and masked. These batteries, and the heavy guns mounted on Fort Clinch, commanded all the turnings of the main ship channel, and raked an approaching enemy.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Fort Clinch

"Interior view of Fort Clinch, on Amelia Island, Fla., commanding the Harbor of Fernandina, captured…

"Federal Volunteers crossing from Cincinnati to Covington on a bridge of coal boats, constructed for the occasion, on their way to defend Kentucky from the Confederates under General Kirby Smith, September 5th, 1862. The Confederate army under command of General Kirby Smith was variously estimated from 15,000 to 30,000 men. They were poorly clad, but well armed, and considering their organization were tolerably well disciplined. Their officers were bitter desperadoes, and they united in their expressed determination to pillage Cincinnati, against which city they pretended to have some terrible grudge to settle. General Kirby Smith, the Confederate commander, was much trusted by his troops, and was a cool and daring leader. Our sketch represents the Federal volunteers crossing from Cincinnati to Covington to defend Kentucky."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Federals Crossing

"Federal Volunteers crossing from Cincinnati to Covington on a bridge of coal boats, constructed for…

"Battle of Antietam, Burnside's Division, left wing- brilliant and decisive bayonet charge of Hawkins's Zouaves on the Confederate battery on the hill, right bank of Antietam Creek, near Sharpsburg, September 17th, 1862, utter route of the Confederates. This brilliant and decisive charge was made about five o'clock in the afternoon of Wednesday, September 17th. Our correspondent thus described the charge: 'On the left, during the afternoon, Burnside carried the bridge after an obstinate contest of several hours duration, and a loss of about five hundred killed and wounded. Hawkins's Zouaves then crossed and found the enemy ready drawn up under cover of the hills, and advanced in line of battle on the enemy's new position, about a half a mile distant. The ground over which they advanced was open clover and plowed fields, the latter very difficult and fatiguing to march in, owing to the softness of the ground. The enemy's guns, fourteen in number, kept up a terrible fire on our advancing line, which never wavered, but slowly toiled along, receiving shelter, however, when they were in the hollows. They were halted a few moments to rest in the hollow nearest the enemy's position, and then were ordered to charge with a yell. As they came up the hill in front of the enemy's batteries, they received a heavy volley from a large force of infantry behind a stone wall, about two hundred feet in front of the enemy's batteries. Our men, though terribly decimated, gave a volley in return, and then went on with the bayonet. The enemy did not stay to contest the ground, and, although two to one, broke and ran, leaving their guns.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Antietam

"Battle of Antietam, Burnside's Division, left wing- brilliant and decisive bayonet charge of Hawkins's…

"General Ord, born in Cumberland, Md., October 18th, 1818, died in Havana, Cuba, July 22nd, 1883, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1839, and assigned to the Third Artillery. He served with distinction in the Florida and Mexican Wars and during the war for the Union. The battle of Dranesville, in 1861, was won under his leadership, and he was severely wounded at the battle of Hatchie and at the assault on Fort Harrison. Having been several times promoted for gallant and meritous conduct, he became commander of the Department of Virginia and North Carolina in 1865, and led the Army of the James in the victorious engagements that ended the war. In March, 1865, he received the brevet of major general in the regular army, and he subsequently held successive command of the Departments of Arkansas, California, Texas and the Platte."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Edward O. C. Ord

"General Ord, born in Cumberland, Md., October 18th, 1818, died in Havana, Cuba, July 22nd, 1883, was…

"General Barlow, born in Brooklyn, N. Y., October 18th, 1834, was graduated at Harvard in 1855. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in the Twelfth Regiment, New York State National Guard, and went to the front of the first call for troops to defend the capital. At the end of the three months' term of service he had been promoted lieutenant. He at once re-entered the service as lieutenant colonel of the Sixty-first New York Volunteers, was promoted colonel during the siege of Yorktown, and distinguished himself at the battle of Fair Oaks, May 31st and June 1st, 1862, for which he was severely wounded and taken prisoner; but he was exchanged, and recovered in time to take the field again the following spring. He also participated inthe final campaigns of the Potomac Army under General Grant."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Francis C. Barlow

"General Barlow, born in Brooklyn, N. Y., October 18th, 1834, was graduated at Harvard in 1855. In 1861…

"General Sharpe, born in Kingston, N. Y., February 26th, 1828, was graduated at Rutgers in 1847; studied law at Yale College; was admitted to the bar in 1854, and practiced until he entered the army in 1861 as captain in the Twentieth New York Infantry. He became colonel of the One Hundred and Twentieth New York Infantry in 1862, and took part in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac. He served upon the staffs of Generals Hooker, Meade and Grant, and was brevetted brigadier general in 1864 and major general in 1865. He was attached to the United States Legation at Vienna in 1851, and was a special agent of the State Department in Europe in 1867. In 1870-'73 he was United States Marshal for the Southern District of New York, and took the census that demonstrated the great election frauds of 1868 in New York city, which led to the enforcement of the Federal election laws for the first time in 1871."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General George H. Sharpe

"General Sharpe, born in Kingston, N. Y., February 26th, 1828, was graduated at Rutgers in 1847; studied…

"Battle of Antietam- the opening of the fight- Hooker's division fording the Great Antietam Creek to attack the Confederate army under General lee, ten o'clock A. M., September 17th, 1862."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Antietam

"Battle of Antietam- the opening of the fight- Hooker's division fording the Great Antietam Creek to…

A squirrel-like rodent common to parts of South America and usually raised to its soft, pale gray fur.

Chinchillas

A squirrel-like rodent common to parts of South America and usually raised to its soft, pale gray fur.

"Confederate cavalry driving stragglers and skulkers back to their duty at the Battle of Antietam. One of the greatest evils in a volunteer army is the practice of straggling. This decreases under the elevating process of discipline; but all our artists agree in declaring that they have seen nearly one-fourth of a regiment, including officers, dropping off one by one at convenient opportunities. In some cases this may have proceeded from sheer exhaustion, but generally it was for the purpose of cooking their rations, taking a nap, or for shirking a battle. Federal discipline was very lax in this respect, and more stringent regulations were imperatively demanded. The Confederate generals, whom no consideration of humanity ever restrained from making the most cruel examples, treated stragglers without mercy, and hundreds of these miserable men were cut down or shot by their own officers in their attempts to evade the stern necessity of battle. The result was that the Confederate troops very often fought with a desperation unknown in the modern warfare. Our artist, who from a hill at Antietam had a capital view of the field of battle, saw many instances in which some mounted Confederate officers rode amid a body of stragglers and drove them back into the conflict. Our sketch illustrates this peculiar mode of Southern drilling."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Confederate Cavalry

"Confederate cavalry driving stragglers and skulkers back to their duty at the Battle of Antietam. One…

"Bombardment of Fredericksburg, Va., by the army of the Potomac, commanded by General Burnside, Thursday, December 11th, 1862. Our correspondent's report of this event: 'At ten o'clock General Burnside gives the order, "Concentrate the fire of all your guns on the city and batter it down!" You may believe they were not loath to obey. The artillery of the right- eight batteries- was commanded by Colonel Hays; Colonel Tompkins, right centre, eleven batteries; Colonel Tyler, left centre, seven batteries; Captain De Russy, left, nine batteries. In a few moments these thirty-five batteries forming a total of one hundred and seventy-nine guns, ranging from 10-pounder Parrotts to 41-inch siege guns, posted along the convex side of the arc of the circle formed by the bend of the river and land opposite Fredericksburg, opened on the doomed city. The effect was, of course, terrific, and, regarded merely as a phenomenon, was among the most awfully grand conceivable. Perhaps what will give you the liveliest idea of its effect is a succession, absolutely without intermission, of the very loudest thunder peals. It lasted thus for upward of an hour, fifty rounds being fired from each gun, and I know not how many hundred tons of iron were thrown into the town. The congregate generals were transfixed; mingled satisfaction and awe was upon every face. But what was tantalizing was, that though a great deal could be heard, nothing could be seen, the city being still eveloped in fog and mist. Only a denser pillar of smoke defining itself on the background of the fog indicated where the town had been fired by our shells. Another and another column showed itself, and we presently saw that at least a dozen houses must be on fire. Toward noon the curtain rolled up, and we saw that it was indeed so. Fredericksburg was in conflagration. Tremendous though this firing had been, and terrific though its effect obviously was on the town, it had not accomplished the object intended. It was found by our gunners almost impossible to obtain a sufficient depression of their pieces to shell the front part of the city, and the Confederate sharpshooters were still comparatively safe behind the thick stone walls of the houses.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Bombardment of Fredericksburg

"Bombardment of Fredericksburg, Va., by the army of the Potomac, commanded by General Burnside, Thursday,…

"Land practice of sailors with the Dahlgren Howitzer Boat Gun, sponging out the gun."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Land Practice

"Land practice of sailors with the Dahlgren Howitzer Boat Gun, sponging out the gun."— Frank Leslie,…

"Artillery practice with the Dahlgren Howitzer boat gun- loading."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Artillery Practice

"Artillery practice with the Dahlgren Howitzer boat gun- loading."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Artillery practice with the Dahlgren Howitzer boat gun- officer giving the word of command to fire."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Artillery Practice

"Artillery practice with the Dahlgren Howitzer boat gun- officer giving the word of command to fire."—…

"'The Pirate's Decoy' Captain Semmes, of the Confederate privateer <em>Alabama</em>, decoying ships toward him by burning a prize vessel. The plan that Captain Semmes adopted to bring fish to his net was as follows: Whenever he captured a ship, after taking from her all that he and his officers wanted, he lay by her until dark, and then set her on fire. The light of the burning ship could be seen many miles, and every other ship within seeing distance stood toward the light, thinking to rescue a number of poor fellows from destruction. The pirate kept in the immediate vicinity, awaiting the prey that was sure to come, and the next morning the poor fellows who to serve the cause of humanity had gone many miles out of their course found themselves under the guns of the <em>Alabama</em>, with the certainty that before another twenty-four hours they would share the fate of the ship they went to serve."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

The Pirate's Decoy

"'The Pirate's Decoy' Captain Semmes, of the Confederate privateer Alabama, decoying ships…

"The <em>Quaker City</em>, one of the Potomac Flotilla, engaging Confederate dragoons in Lynn Haven Bay, near Cape Henry, Va. The <em>Quaker City</em>, Commander Carr, one of the United States Flotilla of the Potomac, while cruising in Lynn Haven Bay, near Cape Henry, picked up a man named Lynch, a refugee from Norfolk, who represented that the master plumber of the Norfolk Navy Yard was ashore and wished to be taken off. An armed boatd which was sent for the purpose was fired upon when near the shore, mortally wounding James Lloyd, a seaman of Charlestown, Mass. A few 32-pound shells dispersed the Confederates." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Quaker City

"The Quaker City, one of the Potomac Flotilla, engaging Confederate dragoons in Lynn Haven…

"The harbor of Charleston, S. C.- Fort Moultrie, on Sullivan's Island."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Charleston Harbor

"The harbor of Charleston, S. C.- Fort Moultrie, on Sullivan's Island."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Exterior view of fortifications erected by the Federal troops at Hilton Head, Port Royal. S. C. Hilton Head is from five to seven miles in width, and about fifteen miles long. The fortifications which we illustrate were built under the direction of Captain Gilmore of the engineers. A correspondent observes of them: 'According to the lay of the land here, there is a space of about half a mile between the woods on the outskirts of our camp, which runs all along the beach to within five hundred yards of the fort, before you come to the bayou or creek, and extends about one mile distant inland from the beach. Here Captain Gilmore has dug an entrenchment reaching over and filling the entire space between the woods and the bayou, which makes us completely shaded from any enemy who might try to surprise us or retake the fort.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Hilton Head

"Exterior view of fortifications erected by the Federal troops at Hilton Head, Port Royal. S. C. Hilton…

"The harbor of Charleston, S. C.- Fort Pinckney."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Fort Pinckney

"The harbor of Charleston, S. C.- Fort Pinckney."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Reception of Brigadier General Corcoran by Mayor Opdyke and the citizens of New York, at Castle Garden, August 22nd, 1862. Mayor Opdyke escorting the general to his carriage. The 22nd of August, 1862, will be a memorable day for our Irish citizens, for on that day the people of New York turned out to give a hearty welcome to- not a victorious soldier, but to the true and patient man who had for thirteen months endured the worst of captivities to a brave soldier, compulsory inaction, when he knows his gallant companions are fighting for a great cause almost within cannon shot of his dungeon. And the reception was not given alone to the released general, but to everyone of those patient thousands who have suffered an equally cruel ordeal, although their names are unwept, unhonored and unsung. In this view, the oration which greeted the brave Corcoran was a noble and remarkabe one, and worthy of the great city that gave it."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Castle Garden

"Reception of Brigadier General Corcoran by Mayor Opdyke and the citizens of New York, at Castle Garden,…

"The 'Grand Skedaddle' of the inhabitants from Charleston, S. C., when threatened by an attack from the Federal troops. When General Brannan made his daring and successful dash upon the railroad between Pocotaligo and Coosawhatchie the terror both in Savannah and Charleston was very great. Despite the fact that General Beauregard with thirty thousand troops was stationed midway between the cities a restless desire for flight took possession of thousands, and for three days the roads to the interior were crowded with as miscellaneous a group as that which marched into Noah's ark. Lieutenant Kirby, of the Forty-seventh Massachusetts Regiment, being then a prisoner, had an excellent opportunity of sketching this motley stream of humanity. But our sketch renders all further description unnecessary."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Grand Skedaddle

"The 'Grand Skedaddle' of the inhabitants from Charleston, S. C., when threatened by an attack from…

"Battle of Baker's Creek, May 16th, 1862- Defeat of the Confederates under Pemberton, by General Grant. On the 12th General Grant overtook General Gregg at Raymond, and after a stubborn fight defeated him, Gregg retreating with a loss of 7,000 men. Having been joined by reinforcements under General Walker, Gregg made a stand the next day at Mississippi Springs, but Grant again defeated him. On the 14th, in a still warmer engagement, he utterly defeated Gregg, who lost 400 men and 17 cannon, and fled through Jackson, firing the Capitol and many depots, storehouses and dwellings. On the 16th he met General Pemberton, with the whole garrison of Vicksburg, at Baker's Creek, and defeated him, driving him back toward Vicksburg, with a loss of 29 pieces of artillery and 4,000 men, and cutting him off from all hopes of relief. Pressing rapidly on, Grant, on the 17th, overtook Pemberton at Big Black River Bridge, and again defeated him, with a loss of 2,600 men and 17 guns. Pemberton then retired into the city, which Grant invested."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Baker's Creek

"Battle of Baker's Creek, May 16th, 1862- Defeat of the Confederates under Pemberton, by General Grant.…

"General Arthur, twenty-first President of the United States, born in Fairfield, Franklin County, Vt., October 5th, 1830; died in New York City, November 18th, 1896."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Chester A. Arthur

"General Arthur, twenty-first President of the United States, born in Fairfield, Franklin County, Vt.,…

"General Hooker, born in Hadley, Mass., November 13th, 1814, died in Garden City, N. Y., October 31st, 1879."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Joseph Hooker

"General Hooker, born in Hadley, Mass., November 13th, 1814, died in Garden City, N. Y., October 31st,…

"Edward's Ferry, Md., below Harrison's Island, on the Potomac River, the place of the passage of General Banks's division, October 22nd, 1861."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Edward's Ferry

"Edward's Ferry, Md., below Harrison's Island, on the Potomac River, the place of the passage of General…

"Bird's-eye view of Camp Douglas, Chicago, Ill., used for the detention of Confederate prisoners in 1862. At the commencement of the Civil War, in 1861, a Camp of Instruction was formed near Chicago, which, in honor of the 'Little Giant,' was called Camp Douglas. Here many of the Western regiments were drilled to that state of efficiency which has borne such glorious fruits as the victories of Fort Donelson and Pittsburg Landing. In the latter part of 1862 it was converted into a prison for Confederate prisoners, over eight thousand having been confined there at one time. They were chiefly Alabamians, Mississippians and Texans. Our sketch shows the vast barracks erected on the drill grounds in 1862."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Camp Douglas

"Bird's-eye view of Camp Douglas, Chicago, Ill., used for the detention of Confederate prisoners in…

"Firing on the schooner <em>Shannon</em>, laden with ice, from the battery on Morris Island, Charleston Harbor, S. C., April 3rd, 1861."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Shannon

"Firing on the schooner Shannon, laden with ice, from the battery on Morris Island, Charleston…

"Tybee Island, Savannah River, Ga.- Views of the lighthouse and barracks- destruction of the lighthouse by the Confederates. Among the numerous structures erected by the United States on the long line of the stormy Atlantic coast for the benefit of the commerce of the world and the safety of the mariners of all nations, none were finer or more useful than the lighthouse on Tybee Island, at the mouth of the Savannah River, familiarly known to sailors as Tybee Light. It was a fixed light, one hundred and eight feet high, and could be seen at a distance of twelve miles. In common with all the other lights on the Confederate coast, it was extinguished by the Georgians soon after the secession of their State. The day after the Federal fleet made its appearance off the mouth of the Savannah River, the Confederates set fire to the interior of the lighthouse, which was burnt, and the costly reflectors destroyed. A similar vandalic measure was resorted to by the Confederates of Charleston, when the Stone Fleet appeared off that harbor. They blew up the celebrated 'Charleston Light.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Tybee Island

"Tybee Island, Savannah River, Ga.- Views of the lighthouse and barracks- destruction of the lighthouse…

"The mouth of the Yazoo River, Miss., with the Union Flotilla."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Yazoo River

"The mouth of the Yazoo River, Miss., with the Union Flotilla."— Frank Leslie, 1896

"Interior of the Mortar Battery Stanton, Tybee Island, Ga., showing the operation of 13-inch mortars during the bombardment of Fort Pulaski, April 10th, 1862. The works erected were eleven batteries, with a parapet in front eight feet high, with a bomb-proof traverse between every two guns, the sides of the parapets and traverses being riveted with rods, fascines or hurdle works. The mortars fire over the parapets, and the guns through embrasures cut in the parapets. The batteries nearest to Fort Pulaski were connected with trenches to permit a safe communication between them. All the advanced batteries had splinter-proof shelters, and each one three reliefs, so that two of them were all the time under shelter. These advanced batteries had also a bomb-proof surgery, supplied with a table and all requisites for surgical operations, and each battery had also a well of water. In a word, the admirable manner in which these works were constructed and arranged stamped General Gilmore as one of the greatest engineers of the age Mortar Battery Stanton had three 13-inch mortars, each weighing 17,120 pounds, with a range of 3,476 yards."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Mortar Battery Stanton

"Interior of the Mortar Battery Stanton, Tybee Island, Ga., showing the operation of 13-inch mortars…

"United States General Hospital, Hilton Head, S. C., exterior. The United States General Hospital at Hilton Head, S. C., was built very strongly of wood, and really had somewhat of an architectural appearance. It was about four hundred feet long, and had excellent accommodation for about five hundred patients. On the right hand of the hospital is the chief doctor's residence. Hilton Head, which is a very beautiful, fertile spot, was owned principally by General Drayton, who cultivated there that celebrated cotton known as Sea Island. The woods, which principally consist of orange, palmetto, pine and dwarf oaks, commence at about a mile from the sea. "— Frank Leslie, 1896

General Hospital Exterior

"United States General Hospital, Hilton Head, S. C., exterior. The United States General Hospital at…

"United States General Hospital, Hilton Head, S. C., interior. The United States General Hospital at Hilton Head, S. C., was built very strongly of wood, and really had somewhat of an architectural appearance. It was about four hundred feet long, and had excellent accommodation for about five hundred patients. On the right hand of the hospital is the chief doctor's residence. We also publish a view of one of the wards, taken shortly after the battle of James Island, where so many Federals fell- either killed or wounded. Hilton Head, which is a very beautiful, fertile spot, was owned principally by General Drayton, who cultivated there that celebrated cotton known as Sea island. The woods, which principally consist of orange, palmetto, pine and dwarf oaks, commence at about a mile from the sea."— Frank Leslie, 1896

General Hospital Interior

"United States General Hospital, Hilton Head, S. C., interior. The United States General Hospital at…

"General Warren, born in Cold Spring, N. Y., January 8th, 1830, died in Newport, R. I., August 8th, 1882, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1850, and assigned to the Topographical Engineers as brevet second lieutenant. At the beginning of the Civil War he entered active service as lieutenant colonel of the Fifth New York Volunteers, of which regiment he became colonel on August 31st, 1861. His regiment was ordered to Fortress Monroe, and he took part in the battle of Big Bethel. During the remainder of the year he was stationed at Baltimore, where he constructed the fort on Federal Hill. In the spring of 1862 he joined the Army of the Potomac, serving in the Peninsular campaign and at Yorktown. He was given a brigade in the Fifth Army Corps in May, with which he covered the extreme right of the army and took part in the capture of Hanover Courthouse, the pursuit of Confederate cavalry under Stuart, the battle of Gaines's Mill, the affair at Malvern Hill and subsequent battle, and the skirmish at Harrison's Landing. His brigade was then sent to re-enforce General Pope, and he participated in the battle of Manassas, was engaged at Antietam and the battle of Fredericksburg. On September 26th, 1862, he was appointed brigadier general of volunteers for his services at Gaines's Mill. On March 3rd, 1863, he was appointed chief of engineers of the Army of the Potomac, and during the Chancellorsville campaign he took part in the action on Orange Pike, the storming of Marye's Heights and the battle of Salem. He continued as chief of engineers under Meade, and was engaged at Gettysburg, where he seized Little Round Top. On August 11th, 1863, he was made major general of volunteers. He participated in the battles of the Wilderness campaign and those around Petersburg. He received the successive brevets in the United States Army up to major general."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Gouverneur K. Warren

"General Warren, born in Cold Spring, N. Y., January 8th, 1830, died in Newport, R. I., August 8th,…

"General Peck, born at Manlius, N. Y., January 4th, 1821, died at Syracuse, n. Y., April 28th, 1978, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1843, and commissioned a brevet second lieutenant of artillery. Served in the Mexican War, and distinguished himself at the battles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Contreras and Churubusco. On August 9th, 1861, he was made a brigadier general, and at the time of the Virginia Peninsula campaign, in April and May, 1862, was given the command of a brigade in the Fourth Corps under General Couch. He was appointed a major general in July, 1862, and afterward commanded at Suffolk, Va. He stormed Hill's Point, capturing it, and thus ending the siege. Here he was severely wounded. He was mustered out of the service August 24th, 1865."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General John James Peck

"General Peck, born at Manlius, N. Y., January 4th, 1821, died at Syracuse, n. Y., April 28th, 1978,…

"General Cullum, born in New York city, February 25th, 1809, died in New York city, February 28th, 1892, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1833, and brevetted a second lieutenant in the Engineer Corps. During the Mexican War he rendered valuable services as superintending engineer for devising and constructing sapper, miner and pontoon trains. In 1861 he was appointed chief engineer of the Department of the Missouri, with the rank of brigadier general of volunteers, and made chief of staff to General Halleck. The latter position he continued to hold after Halleck was made general in chief, and accompanied him in his Southwestern campaigns, and afterward to headquarters in Washington, D. C., until 1864, when he became superintendent of the United States Military Academy."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General George W. Cullum

"General Cullum, born in New York city, February 25th, 1809, died in New York city, February 28th, 1892,…

"Battle of New Berne- Lieutenant Hammond capturing Colonel Avery, of South Carolina, while he was endeavoring to rally the flying Confederates. Our illustration represents the moment when Lieutenant Hammond, of the gunboat <em>Hetzel</em>, who served one of the guns of McCook's naval battery at the battle of New Berne, hearing that a Confederate colonel was, flag in hand, endeavoring to rally a South Carolina regiment, resolved to capture him. Riding up to the Confederate, the gallant Hammond, pointing his pistol at his head, demanded his surrender. A glance at the flying Confederates convinced the colonel that the day was lost, and he gave up his sword to the lieutenant. Two flags were also taken- one made of blue and white silk, elegantly fringed, with this inscription, 'Then conquer we must, for our cause is just,' with 'Victory or death.' The name of the Confederate officer taken was Colonel Avery; three hundred of his regiment were also captured at the same time."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of New Berne

"Battle of New Berne- Lieutenant Hammond capturing Colonel Avery, of South Carolina, while he was endeavoring…

"Federal Cavalry Leaders. Generals Pleasonton, Bayard and Colonel Percy Wyndham making a reconnoissance, near Fredericksburg, Va. Our sketch of Generals Pleasonton, Bayard and Colonel Percy Wyndham makes a truly brilliant group. Having previously given the biography of Generals Pleasonton and Bayard, we need only mention Colonel Wyndham. Colonel Sir Percy Wyndham, a well-known English officer, entered the cavalry service of his country at a very early age. He has seen service in the Crimea and India. He became one of Garibaldi's staff in 1859, and was with him all through his campaign around Como and in the Tyrol and Brescia. He also was with him during his famous campaign of 1860, and was present from Magenta to Volturno and Gaeta. At the commencement of the war of the rebellion in 1861, he offered his services to the Federal Government, and was appointed to the colonelcy of the First Regiment of New Jersey cavalry, with which he served with distinction."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Federal Cavalry Leaders

"Federal Cavalry Leaders. Generals Pleasonton, Bayard and Colonel Percy Wyndham making a reconnoissance,…

"Battle of Stone River, Tenn. The decisive charge of General Negley's division across the river- the Confederates flying in confusion. We question if a more spirited sketch was ever published than our double-page engraving representing the final charge of General Negley's division, on the afternoon of Friday, January 2nd, 1863, at the battle of Murfreesborough, or Stone River. About four o'clock in the afternoon General Rosecrans, seeing that the critical moment had arrived, gave orders for General Negley to cross the river and drive the enemy from his position. This was done in a manner worthy of the most disciplined troops in the world. The Eighteenth Ohio Regiment dashed into the river, the Nineteenth Illinois and Twenty-first Ohio following close behind. Our artist reported: 'The scene was grand in the extreme. It was indeed a momentous battle on a miniature scale. Nothing could resist our gallant men; on they rushed; the Confederates met the shock then wavered, and then were driven back at the bayonet's point, step by step, for some half mile, when they broke and fled, ever and anon rallying to check our too hasty pursuit. Night fell on the scene, and the victors and vanquished rested from their strife. Thus was won the great battle of Stone River, in which, if ever men met foemen worthy of their steel, they met them then.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Stone River

"Battle of Stone River, Tenn. The decisive charge of General Negley's division across the river- the…

"Army of the Potomac recrossing the Rappahannock from Fredericksburg to Falmouth, on the night of Monday, December 15th, 1862."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Army of the Potomac

"Army of the Potomac recrossing the Rappahannock from Fredericksburg to Falmouth, on the night of Monday,…

"The raid in Kentucky- the Confederate Morgan with his guerillas bivouacking in Courthouse Square, Paris, Bourbon County, after levying contributions on the inhabitants. The Confederate Morgan reached Paris and Cynthiana, both of which places he occupied, levying large contributions on its unfortunate inhabitants. Our artist reported that it was a most animated and interesting sight to see the blank dismay of the 'Parisians' when Morgan and his men dismounted and bivouacked in their fine square. Beyond some robberies there were no outrages committed. The Courthouse is a very imposing building, and, standing on the highest spot in the town, is visible for miles around."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Kentucky Raid

"The raid in Kentucky- the Confederate Morgan with his guerillas bivouacking in Courthouse Square, Paris,…

"Lake Providence, La., headquarters of General McPherson and the Federal division under his command. Our artist wrote: 'The Seventeenth Army Corps, under General McPherson, have been exceedingly fortunate in being ordered to Lake Providence, La. Their tents are pitched in pleasant places. I have not seen a position anywhere along the Mississippi River, or anywhere else, which offers such inducements for any army 'to stay awhile' as the banks of this beautiful lake. There is a little town on the landing, which is only fit for, and therefore only occupied by, negro quarters and sutler shops. The lake is immediately back of the village, and not more than a quarter of a mile from the river. Immense cotton fields stretch away on both sides of it, and beautiful residences, surrounded by elaborate gardens full of Southern shrubbery, adorn its banks.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Lake Providence

"Lake Providence, La., headquarters of General McPherson and the Federal division under his command.…

"The advance of Port Hudson. The baggage train of General Augur's division crossing the Bayou Montecino, March 13th, 1863. Our sketch represents a baggage train belonging to General Augur's division crossing a little creek, or bayou, about four miles from Baton Rouge. It will be remembered that General Banks made a feigned advance against Port Hudson on March 13th, in order to facilitate Commodore Farragut's movements past the batteries."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Port Hudson

"The advance of Port Hudson. The baggage train of General Augur's division crossing the Bayou Montecino,…

"Winter quarters on the Rappahannock- army huts of the One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, near Falmouth, Va."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Winter Quarters

"Winter quarters on the Rappahannock- army huts of the One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, Pennsylvania…

"Battle of Antietam. The centre and right wing of General McClellan's Army, commanded by Generals Hooker, Sumner and Franklin, engaged with the Confederate Army, led by Generals Longstreet, Jackson and Lee, September 17th, 1862. Our sketch was taken about ten o'clock in the morning of the 17th of September, and represents the centre and right wing of the Federal army engaged with the Confederate centre and left, commanded by Generals Longstreet and Jackson. Hooker's division was then just on the point of crossing the creek, which they did in splendid style. Thus at the close of the engagement the federal troops occupied every position held in the morning by the Confederates, who retreated behind Sharpsburg, from which they escaped over the Potomac next night. Our illustration gives an excellent idea of the nature of the struggle, and the ground over which it was fought, which admitted of much fairer fighting than the jungles of Virginia. Since Waterloo there has been no struggle so long and so fiercely contested, and with an army spread over so wide an extent- the extreme end of the right wing, under Hooker, being three miles distant from the extreme left of Burnside, whose Hawkins's Zouave charge concluded this hard-fought day. At seven o'clock the last gun was fired, and the armies, victorious and vanquished, rested for the night."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Antietam

"Battle of Antietam. The centre and right wing of General McClellan's Army, commanded by Generals Hooker,…