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A circular ruin of stones on Salisbury Plain

Stonehenge

A circular ruin of stones on Salisbury Plain

A rosette of leaves of Venus's flytrap seen from above.

Venus Flytrap

A rosette of leaves of Venus's flytrap seen from above.

One of the most important musical instruments in use among the Chinese, one that is indispensable to their temple ritual, is the Sheng. This instrument is the representative of the gourd principle; originally the bowl was formed from a portion of a gourd or a calabash, the top being covered by a circular piece of wood with holes around the margin in which the pipes, seventeen in number, are fixed. In the side of the gourd is placed a mouthpiece or tube covered with ivory, through which the player <em>draws</em> his breath. Each pipe is fitted with a small free reed of copper. A small hole is made in each pipe just above the bowl, which prevents a pipe from speaking when the air is drawn in by the player, unless the hole is closed by a finger. --Baltzell, 1905

Sheng

One of the most important musical instruments in use among the Chinese, one that is indispensable to…

Rosette

Rosette

Rosette

Circular shape

Cornet-A-Pistons

Circular shape

The Aneroid Barometer is an instrument used in measuring atmospheric pressure. The aneroid barometer is circular and has a spindal for measurement.

Aneroid Barometer

The Aneroid Barometer is an instrument used in measuring atmospheric pressure. The aneroid barometer…

This rosette ornament is constructed of four stylized lotus flowers.

Lotus Flower Rosette

This rosette ornament is constructed of four stylized lotus flowers.

Scroll-Rosette Pattern

Scroll-Rosette Pattern

Scroll-Rosette Pattern

Egyptian columns had shafts of three types: a) circular or cylindrical, b) clustered, c) polygonal or proto-doric. The first two tapered upward and sometimes had a slight swelling at the base (d).

Column Types

Egyptian columns had shafts of three types: a) circular or cylindrical, b) clustered, c) polygonal or…

Rosette motive.

Assyrian Ornament

Rosette motive.

Rosette from Erechtheion.

Rosette

Rosette from Erechtheion.

Roman rosette.

Rosette

Roman rosette.

Roman rosette.

Rosette

Roman rosette.

Oak leaf and rosette band.

Band Pattern

Oak leaf and rosette band.

Carved interlace "trumpet" pattern.

Carved Interlace Pattern

Carved interlace "trumpet" pattern.

Rosette from Heiligenberg near Vienna.

Rosette

Rosette from Heiligenberg near Vienna.

Rosette from Cathedral of Bale.

Rosette

Rosette from Cathedral of Bale.

A ball-flower is an ornament resembling a ball enclosed in a circular flower&mdash;one of the characteristics of the decorated style.

Ballflower

A ball-flower is an ornament resembling a ball enclosed in a circular flower—one of the characteristics…

An ornamental window of a circular form, with rosettes, or radiating divisions, of different colors.

Catherine Wheel

An ornamental window of a circular form, with rosettes, or radiating divisions, of different colors.

A five-leaved ornament, in circular and other divisions of the windows of ancient churches, and also on panels. It is a rosette of five equal leaves.

Cinquefoil

A five-leaved ornament, in circular and other divisions of the windows of ancient churches, and also…

<em>C. diadematus.</em> This monkey is nearly black, the lower prts being green. It is marked with a circular white spot upon the forehead. &mdash;Goodrich, 1885

Diadem Monkey

C. diadematus. This monkey is nearly black, the lower prts being green. It is marked with a…

"The Leopard, <em>Felis leopardus</em>, is about half the size of the tiger, being two feet high and four long, and is distinguished alike for the elegance of its form, the grace of its movements, and the beauty of its skin. The latter is of a pale yellow color, marked with small tawny spots, united in circular or quadrangular groups, these groups bein arranged nearly in rows, and covering the whole body." &mdash; S. G. Goodrich, 1885

Leopard

"The Leopard, Felis leopardus, is about half the size of the tiger, being two feet high and…

Place where Arnold was wounded. This view is in a narrow alley near the north end of <em>Sault au Matelot</em> Street, in the rear of St. Paul's Street. At the time in question St. Paul's Street did not exist, and the water, at high tide, came nearly up to the precipice. The first barrier and battery extended from the jutting rock seen in the picture, to the water. The present alley was then the beach. The circular wall on top of the rock is a part of the grand battery, one of the most formidable and commanding defenses in the world.

Arnold Wounded

Place where Arnold was wounded. This view is in a narrow alley near the north end of Sault au Matelot…

Measuring about nineteen inches long, the hooded merganser is common in North America, its head adorned with a half-circular crest.

Hooded Merganser

Measuring about nineteen inches long, the hooded merganser is common in North America, its head adorned…

Circular or round.

Orbicular

Circular or round.

With the leaves clustered symmetrically around the base of the stem or scape.

Rosette

With the leaves clustered symmetrically around the base of the stem or scape.

Fac-simile of the Continental Bills. The paper on which these bills were printed was quite thick, and the enemy called it "the <em>pasteboard</em> money of the rebels." The vignettes were generally, both in device and motto, significant. The one most prominent in the engraving represents a beaver in the slow but sure process of cutting down a tree with its teeth. The motto, "Preseverando- by Preseverance," said to the colonists, "Persist, and you will be successful." I will notice a few other devices and mottoes of bills which I have seen. A globe, with the motto, in Latin, "The Lord reigns; let the earth rejoice." A candlestick with thirteen branches and burners, denoting the number of states; motto, "One fire, and to the same purpose." A thorn-bush with a hand grasping it; motto, "Sustain or abstain." A circular chain bearing on each link the name of a state, an emblem of union; motto, "We are one."

Continental Bills

Fac-simile of the Continental Bills. The paper on which these bills were printed was quite thick, and…

"Almost of a circular form, with long dorsal and anal fins, projecting like handles from its inder parts. It attains a great size, sometimes as much as four or five hundred pounds' wright, and measures four or five feet in length." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Short Sunfish

"Almost of a circular form, with long dorsal and anal fins, projecting like handles from its inder parts.…

"Some, of which the Common Garden Spider, <em>Epeira diadema</em> is an excellent example, construct a beautiful net, composed of stout radiating lines, intersected at tolerably regular intervals by circular filaments." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Garden-spiders

"Some, of which the Common Garden Spider, Epeira diadema is an excellent example, construct…

"Victoria Regia, named by Lindley after Queen Victoria, is the most magnificent of all known water lilies, and comes from a region in which it had been supposed that no Nymph&aelig;ace&aelig; occurred. It was first discovered by the botanist H&aelig;nke in 1801; Bonbigny, in 1828, sent home specimens to Paris; others also subsequently saw it growing, but it excited no attention till in 1837, Sir Robert Schomburgk found it in the Berbice river in British Guiana. The rootstock is thick and fleshy, the leaf-stalks prickly, the leaf peltate, its margin circular, its diameter from 6 to 12 feet, the edge so turned up as to make the leaves floating in tranquil water look like a number of large trays. "&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Victoria Regia

"Victoria Regia, named by Lindley after Queen Victoria, is the most magnificent of all known water lilies,…

"The bow used for shooting arrows, is one of the most ancient of all weapons, but is characteristic of Asia rather than of Europe. In the Roman armies it was scarcely ever employed except by auxiliaries; and these auxiliaries, called sagittarii, were chiefly Cretans and Arabians. This image shows the usual form of the Grecian bow, which had a double curvature, consisting of two circular portions united by the handle. When not used the bow was put into a case which was made of leather, and sometimes ornamented." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Arcus

"The bow used for shooting arrows, is one of the most ancient of all weapons, but is characteristic…

"A virgin who carried a flat circular basket at sacrifices, in which the chaplet of flowers, the knife to slay the victim, and sometimes the frankincense were deposited. The name, however, was more particularly applied to two virgins of the first Athenian families whowere appointed to officiate as canephori at the Panathenaea. The preceding cut represents the to canephori approaching a candelabrum. Each of hem elevates one arm to support the basket while she slightly raises her tunic with the other." &mdash; Smith, 1873;

Canephoros

"A virgin who carried a flat circular basket at sacrifices, in which the chaplet of flowers, the knife…

"A Rose Window is a circular window, divided into compartments by mullions and tracery radiating from a center, also called Catharine wheel and marigold window according to modifications of the design. It forms a fine feature of the church architecture of the 13th and 14th centuries."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Rose Window

"A Rose Window is a circular window, divided into compartments by mullions and tracery radiating from…

"The large shield worn by the Greeks and Romans, which was originally of the circular form, and is said to have been first used by Proetus and Acrisius or Argos, and therefore is called clipeus Argolicus, and likened to the sun. But the clipeus is often represented in Roman sculpture of an oblong oval, which makes the distinction between the common buckler and that of Argos." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Clipeus

"The large shield worn by the Greeks and Romans, which was originally of the circular form, and is said…

"The large shield worn by the Greeks and Romans, which was originally of the circular form, and is said to have been first used by Proetus and Acrisius or Argos, and therefore is called clipeus Argolicus, and likened to the sun. But the clipeus is often represented in Roman sculpture of an oblong oval, which makes the distinction between the common buckler and that of Argos." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Clipeus

"The large shield worn by the Greeks and Romans, which was originally of the circular form, and is said…

"A crown, that is, a circular ornament of metal, leaves, or flowers, worn by the ancients round the head or neck, and used as a festive as well as funeral decoration, and as a reward of talent, military or naval prowess, and civil worth." &mdash; Smith, 1873 This image shows a Corona Civica.

Corona

"A crown, that is, a circular ornament of metal, leaves, or flowers, worn by the ancients round the…

"A crown, that is, a circular ornament of metal, leaves, or flowers, worn by the ancients round the head or neck, and used as a festive as well as funeral decoration, and as a reward of talent, military or naval prowess, and civil worth." &mdash; Smith, 1873 This image shows a Corona Triumphalis.

Corona

"A crown, that is, a circular ornament of metal, leaves, or flowers, worn by the ancients round the…

"A circular plate of stone or metal, made for throwing to a distance as in exercise of strength and dexterity. It was one of the principal gymnastic exercises of the ancients, being included in the Penthathlum. The preceding woodcut represents a player with the discus, and is copied from an ancient statue by Myron." &mdash; Smith, 1873.

Discus

"A circular plate of stone or metal, made for throwing to a distance as in exercise of strength and…

"A torch. In the annexed woodcut, the female figure is copied from a fictile vase. The winged figure on the left hand, asleep and leaning on a torch, is from a funeral monument at Rome. The other winged figure represents Cupid as Lethaus Amor. In ancient marbles the torch is sometimes more ornamened than the examples now produced, but it always appears to be formed of wooden staves or twigs, either bound by a rope drawn round them in a spiral form, as in the middle figure blow, or surrounded by circular bands at equal distances, as in the two exterior figures. The inside of the torch may be supposed to have been filled with flax, tow, or other vegetable fibres, the whole being abundantly impregnated with pitch, rosin, wax, oil, and other inflammable substances." &mdash; Smith, 1873.

Fax

"A torch. In the annexed woodcut, the female figure is copied from a fictile vase. The winged figure…

"A brooch, consisting of a pin, and of a curved portion furnished with a hook. The curved portion was sometimes a circular ring or disc, the pin passing across its centre and sometimes an arc, the pin being as the chord, of the arc. The forms of brooches, which were commonly of gold or bronze, and more rarely of silver, were, however, as various in ancient as in modern times; for the fibula served in dress not merely as a fastening, but also as an ornament." &mdash; Smith, 1873.

Fibula

"A brooch, consisting of a pin, and of a curved portion furnished with a hook. The curved portion was…

"Get a circular piece of tin, three inches or more in diameter, and cut it round the edges in the form of a star. Bore two holes through it about an inch and a half apart; pass the two ends of a string through the holes; tie them, and the toy is complete. When the tin star cannot be procured, a big button will serve the purpose admirably. Hold an end of the double string in each hand, as seen in the illustration, and spin the tin star, or 'whizzer' as we shall call it, until the string is twisted as far as it will bear. Now separate the hands, and the whizzer will revolve rapidly, and, when the hands are stretched wide, will come to rest as shown in the illustration. But if, instead of allowing the hands to reach their fullest extent and to remain there, they are brought gradually together again, the cutter will revolve in the opposite direction, and wind itself up again. Thus it may be made to wind and unwind itself as long as the player likes."&mdash; Thomas Sheppard Meek

Whizzer

"Get a circular piece of tin, three inches or more in diameter, and cut it round the edges in the form…

"Stilus or Stylus conveys the general idea of an object tapering like an architectural column. It signifies: 1. An iron instrument, resembling a pencil in size and shape, used for writing upon waxed tablets. At one end it was sharpened to a point for scratching the characters upon the wax, while the other end, being flat and circular, served to render the surface of the tablets smooth again, and so to obliterate what had been written. Thus, vertere stilum means to erase, and hence to correct. The stylus was also termed graphium, and the case in which it was kept graphiarium. 2. A sharp stake or spike placed in pitfalls before an entrenchment, to embarrass the progress of an attacking enemy." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Stilus

"Stilus or Stylus conveys the general idea of an object tapering like an architectural column. It signifies:…

"Talaria, small wings fixed to the ankles of Mercury, and reckoned among his attributes. In many works of ancient art they are represented growing from his ankles as if they were a part of his bodily frame; but more frequently they are attached to him as a part of his dress, agreeably to the description of the poets; and this is commonly done by representing him with sandals, which have wings fastened to them on each side over the ankles. But there is a most beautiful bronze statue of this divinity in the museum at Naples, in which the artist, instead of the sole of a sandal, has made the straps unite in a rosette under the middle of the foot, evidently intending, by this elegant device, to represent the messenger of the gods as borne through space without touching the ground. A representation is seen in the preceding cut." &mdash Smith; 1873

Talaria

"Talaria, small wings fixed to the ankles of Mercury, and reckoned among his attributes. In many works…

"An ornament or kind of chain, of gold, twisted spiraly, and bent in a circular form, which was worn around the neck." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Torques

"An ornament or kind of chain, of gold, twisted spiraly, and bent in a circular form, which was worn…

"Toques or torquis, an ornament of gold, twisted spirally and bent into a circular form, which was worn round the neck by men of distinction among the Persians, the Gauls, and other Asiatic and northern nations. It was by taking a collar from a Gallic warrior that T. Manlius obtained the cognomen of Torquatus. Torques, whether in the form of collars or bracelets, no doubt formed a considerable part of te wealth of those who wore them. Hence they were an important portion of the spoil, when any Celtic or Oriental army was conquered, and they were among the rewards of valour bestowed after an engagement upon those who had most distinguished themselves." &mdash Smith; 1873

Torques

"Toques or torquis, an ornament of gold, twisted spirally and bent into a circular form, which was worn…

"On ancient monuments, the torch appears to be formed of wooden staves or twigs, either bound by a rope drawn round them in a spiral form, or surrounded by circular bands at equal distances." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Torches

"On ancient monuments, the torch appears to be formed of wooden staves or twigs, either bound by a rope…

"Tympanum, a small drum carried in the hand. Of these, some resembled in all respects a modern tambourine with bells. Others presented a flat circular disk on the upper surface and swelled out beneath like a kettle-drum. Both forms are represented in the cuts below. Tympana were covered with the hides of oxen, or of asses; were beaten with a stick, or with the hand, and were much employed in all wild enthusiastic religious rites, especially the orgies of Bacchus and Cybele." &mdash Smith; 1873

Tympanum

"Tympanum, a small drum carried in the hand. Of these, some resembled in all respects a modern tambourine…

A large, circular Chinese encampment.

Chinese encampment

A large, circular Chinese encampment.

A flat circular stone used for grinding or sharpening tools.

Grindstone

A flat circular stone used for grinding or sharpening tools.

A body of roller-like form, of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross-section is circular.

Cylinder

A body of roller-like form, of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross-section is circular.

A large circular shield with a convex outer and concave inner surface.

Clypeus

A large circular shield with a convex outer and concave inner surface.

A disk of steel with saw teeth upon its periphery, and revolved on an arbor.

Circular-saw

A disk of steel with saw teeth upon its periphery, and revolved on an arbor.

"The aneroid barometer is an easily portable instrument, and avoids the use of any liquid. It consists of a circular metallic box, exhausted of air, the corrugated diaphragm of which is held in a state of tension by springs." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Aneroid barometer

"The aneroid barometer is an easily portable instrument, and avoids the use of any liquid. It consists…

"The 'sucker' consists of a circular piece of thick leather with a string attached to its middle. Being soaked thoroughly in water, it is firmly pressed upon a flat stone to drive out all air from between the leather and the stone. Unless the stone is too heavy, it may be lifted by the string." &mdash; Avery, 1895

Hand and sucker

"The 'sucker' consists of a circular piece of thick leather with a string attached to its middle. Being…

"A circular wheel, with teeth on the circumference, by which it can be moved or its motion stayed." &mdash; Williams, 1889

Ratchet-wheel

"A circular wheel, with teeth on the circumference, by which it can be moved or its motion stayed."…

"Modern dynamo with four consequent pole field magnets. In this construction the ring shaped yoke also serves as a frame; the circular form of yoke gives the least chance of magnetic leakage." &mdash; Hawkins, 1917

Multi-polar field magnet

"Modern dynamo with four consequent pole field magnets. In this construction the ring shaped yoke also…

A musical instrument of the trumpet class, having a cupped mouthpiece and a conical brass tube.

Circular Cornet

A musical instrument of the trumpet class, having a cupped mouthpiece and a conical brass tube.

"Measure all loops so they are of even lengths. Have the same number of loops on each side of the knot. Ten or twelve loops will make a good looking rosette bow." &mdash;Kinne, 1920

Rosette of even loops

"Measure all loops so they are of even lengths. Have the same number of loops on each side of the knot.…

The satellite of the earth, and classed as one of the secondary planets. It revolves around the earth in an almost circular orbit once each sidereal month, at a mean distance of 238,818 miles.

Moon

The satellite of the earth, and classed as one of the secondary planets. It revolves around the earth…

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…