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A castle and different classes of people in Medieval Europe.

Middle Ages

A castle and different classes of people in Medieval Europe.

Costumes of Medieval women.

Medieval Costumes

Costumes of Medieval women.

"Water transportation in the Feudal Age." -Foster, 1921

Medieval Ship

"Water transportation in the Feudal Age." -Foster, 1921

"A tilting match between two knights." -Foster, 1921

Tilting Match

"A tilting match between two knights." -Foster, 1921

"Tower of a German Feudal Castle." -Foster, 1921

Feudal Castle Tower

"Tower of a German Feudal Castle." -Foster, 1921

A poster of facts and illustrations of the age of feudalism and chivalry.

Feudalism and Chivalry

A poster of facts and illustrations of the age of feudalism and chivalry.

A poster with facts and images of France during the Middle Ages.

Middle Ages

A poster with facts and images of France during the Middle Ages.

Saint Columba was an outstanding figure among the Gaelic missionary monks who, some of his advocates claim, introduced Christianity to the Kingdom of the Picts during the Early Medieval Period. He was one of the Twelve Apostles of Ireland.

St. Columba at Oronsay

Saint Columba was an outstanding figure among the Gaelic missionary monks who, some of his advocates…

In English usage, Minster is an honorific title attached to certain major medieval churches. Most of the best known were cathedrals in the medieval period.

Minster Church, Isle of Sheppey

In English usage, Minster is an honorific title attached to certain major medieval churches. Most of…

Lichfield Cathedral is situated in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England. It is the only medieval English cathedral with three spires. The stone is sandstone and came from a quarry on the south side of Lichfield. The walls of the nave lean outwards slightly, due to the weight of stone used in the ceiling vaulting, some 200–300 tons of which was removed during renovation work to prevent the walls leaning further.

Lichfield Cathedral

Lichfield Cathedral is situated in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England. It is the only medieval English…

It takes its origins from the Knights Hospitaller, an organization founded in Jerusalem in 1050 as an Amalfitan hospital to provide care for poor and sick pilgrims to the Holy Land. After the conquest of Jerusalem in 1099 during the First Crusade, it became a Catholic military order under its own charter. Following the loss of Christian territory to Islamic conquerors of the Holy Land, the Order operated from Rhodes (1310-1523), and later from Malta (1530-1798), over which it was sovereign.

A Knight of St. John

It takes its origins from the Knights Hospitaller, an organization founded in Jerusalem in 1050 as an…

Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (1208 – August 4, 1265), was the principal leader of the baronial opposition to King Henry III of England. After the rebellion of 1263-1264, de Montfort became de facto ruler of England and called the first directly-elected parliament in medieval Europe. Because of this, de Montfort is today regarded as one of the progenitors of modern parliamentary democracy.

Simon de Montfort

Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (1208 – August 4, 1265), was the principal leader of…

The Hospital of St. Cross is a medieval almshouse in Winchester, England, founded between 1133 and 1136 it is the oldest charitable institution in the United Kingdom. The founder was Henry de Blois Bishop of Winchester, grandson of William the Conqueror, half brother to King Stephen of England. Not only is it the oldest but is also the largest medieval almshouse in Britain; it is built on the scale of an Oxford or Cambridge college, but is older than any of the colleges at the universities.

Holy Cross Church, Near Winchester

The Hospital of St. Cross is a medieval almshouse in Winchester, England, founded between 1133 and 1136…

A pile of armor pieces including a helm, spears, and maces.

A Knight's Armor

A pile of armor pieces including a helm, spears, and maces.

St Paul's Cathedral, is the Anglican cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and the seat of the Bishop of London. The present building dates from the 17th century and is generally reckoned to be London's fifth St Paul's Cathedral, although the number is higher if every major medieval reconstruction is counted as a new cathedral. The cathedral sits on the edge of London's oldest region, the City, which originated as a Roman trading post along the edge of the River Thames.

St. Paul's Cathedral, London (Interior)

St Paul's Cathedral, is the Anglican cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and the seat…

During the Middle Ages, Perth's only parish church was the Burgh Kirk of St. John the Baptist. With the town centre dominated by this huge building. The building was split into three congregations (the East, West and Middle Kirks), divided by internal walls, after the Reformation, and was only returned to its medieval proportions in the 1920s by Sir Robert Lorimer, who restored the building as a war-memorial for those soldiers from Perthshire who had fallen in the Great War.

The Old Church, Perth, N.B.

During the Middle Ages, Perth's only parish church was the Burgh Kirk of St. John the Baptist. With…

The Savoy Palace was considered the grandest nobleman's residence of medieval London, until it was destroyed in the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. It fronted Strand, on the site of the present Savoy Theatre and the Savoy Hotel that memorialise its name. In its area the rule of law was different from the rest of London.

Part of the Savoy Palace

The Savoy Palace was considered the grandest nobleman's residence of medieval London, until it was destroyed…

The Great Fire of London, a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of London from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666, was one of the major events in the history of England. The fire gutted the medieval City of London inside the old Roman City Wall. It threatened, but did not reach, the aristocratic district of Westminster (the modern West End), Charles II's Palace of Whitehall, and most of the suburban slums. It consumed 13,200 houses, 87 parish churches, St. Paul's Cathedral, and most of the buildings of the City authorities. It is estimated that it destroyed the homes of 70,000 of the City's ca. 80,000 inhabitants.

Great Fire of London

The Great Fire of London, a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of London from…

Manchester Cathedral is a Medieval church located on Victoria Street in central Manchester and is the seat of the Bishop of Manchester. Although constructed over a period of 600 years, its main architectural style is Perpendicular Gothic, replete with tall windows and flat fan-vaulted ceilings. The interior of the church contains many pieces of period art, notably the medieval woodcarvings of the Ripon Carvers.

Manchester Cathedral

Manchester Cathedral is a Medieval church located on Victoria Street in central Manchester and is the…

Small plates are sewn onto cloth, overlapping. "Scale-armor of the Early Middle Ages." -Whitney, 1911

Scale Armor

Small plates are sewn onto cloth, overlapping. "Scale-armor of the Early Middle Ages." -Whitney, 1911

In architecture a corbel (or console) is a piece of stone jutting out of a wall to carry any superincumbent weight. A piece of timber projecting in the same way was called a "tassel" or a "bragger". The technique of corbelling, where rows of corbels deeply keyed inside a wall support a projecting wall or parapet, has been used since Neolithic times. It is common in Medieval architecture and in the Scottish baronial style as well as in the Classical architectural vocabulary, such as the modillions of a Corinthian cornice and in ancient Chinese architecture.

Corbel

In architecture a corbel (or console) is a piece of stone jutting out of a wall to carry any superincumbent…

Gothic architecture is a style of architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. Its characteristic features include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and the flying buttress.

Gothic Style Window

Gothic architecture is a style of architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period.…

Dipsa is a tiny, extremely poisonous snake from Medieval bestiaries. They were said to be said to be so poisonous that their victim would die before becoming aware he'd been bitten.

Dipsa

Dipsa is a tiny, extremely poisonous snake from Medieval bestiaries. They were said to be said to be…

Willian de Wessyngton was a forebear of George Washington, the first President of the United States. Though it was not from Washington, Sunderland, that George Washington's great-grandfather John Washington left for Virginia, but from Essex, Washington Old Hall was the family home of George Washington's ancestors, and the present structure does incorporate small parts of the medieval home in which they lived.

Washington Old Hall

Willian de Wessyngton was a forebear of George Washington, the first President of the United States.…

An illustration of the Order of the Garter Star. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in any of the Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the honors system in the United Kingdom. Membership in the order is limited to the sovereign, the Prince of Wales, and no more than twenty-four members, or Companions; the order also comprises Supernumerary knights and ladies (e.g., members of the British Royal Family and foreign monarchs).

Order of the Garter Star

An illustration of the Order of the Garter Star. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry,…

"A skull-cap of steel worn sometimes under and sometimes over the camail." -Whitney, 1911

Secret

"A skull-cap of steel worn sometimes under and sometimes over the camail." -Whitney, 1911

An illustration of medieval kettledrums in the 14th century. Timpani (also known colloquially as kettledrums or kettle drums) are musical instruments in the percussion family. A type of drum, they consist of a skin called a head stretched over a large bowl commonly made of copper. They are played by striking the head with a specialized drum stick called a timpani stick or timpani mallet. Unlike most drums, they produce a definite pitch when struck, and can be tuned, often with the use of a pedal. Timpani evolved from military drums to become a staple of the classical orchestra by the last third of the 18th century. Today, they are used in many types of musical ensembles including concert, marching, and even some rock bands.

Medieval Kettledrum

An illustration of medieval kettledrums in the 14th century. Timpani (also known colloquially as kettledrums…

Lichfield Cathedral is situated in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England. It is the only medieval English cathedral with three spires. Architecturally, the choir (alt. spelling quire) is the area of a church or cathedral, usually in the western part of the chancel between the nave and the sanctuary (which houses the altar). A bay is a module in classical or Gothic architecture, the distance between two supports of a vault or the unit of an opening and its framing on a façade.

One Bay of Choir, Lichfield Cathedral

Lichfield Cathedral is situated in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England. It is the only medieval English…

The royal Château de Chambord at Chambord, Loir-et-Cher, France is one of the most recognizable châteaux in the world because of its very distinct French Renaissance architecture that blends traditional French medieval forms with classical Italian structures.

Plan of Château de Chambord

The royal Château de Chambord at Chambord, Loir-et-Cher, France is one of the most recognizable…

The palais du Louvre in Paris, on the Right Bank of the Seine is a former royal palace, situated between the Tuileries Gardens and the church of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois. Its origins date back to the medieval period and its present structure has evolved in stages since the sixteenth century.

Plan of Louvre and Tuileries, Paris

The palais du Louvre in Paris, on the Right Bank of the Seine is a former royal palace, situated between…

A shield of mounted men-at-arms from the first half of the 13th century, considered the High Middle Ages.

Medieval Shield

A shield of mounted men-at-arms from the first half of the 13th century, considered the High Middle…

A Norman kite shield of the 10th or 11th century, considered the beginning of the High Middle Ages.

Kite Shield

A Norman kite shield of the 10th or 11th century, considered the beginning of the High Middle Ages.

A duckbill shoe of the 15th century with stripes and a button.

Duckbill Shoe

A duckbill shoe of the 15th century with stripes and a button.

A duckbill shoe of the 15th century.

Duckbill Shoe

A duckbill shoe of the 15th century.

The cornet is a brass instrument very similar to the trumpet, distinguished by its conical bore, compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B♭. It is not related to the medieval cornett or cornetto. The cornet was originally derived from the post horn. Sometimes it is called a cornopean, which refers to the earliest cornets with the Stölzel valve system.

Cornet

The cornet is a brass instrument very similar to the trumpet, distinguished by its conical bore, compact…

The cornet is a brass instrument very similar to the trumpet, distinguished by its conical bore, compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B♭. It is not related to the medieval cornett or cornetto. The cornet was originally derived from the post horn. Sometimes it is called a cornopean, which refers to the earliest cornets with the Stölzel valve system.

Cornet

The cornet is a brass instrument very similar to the trumpet, distinguished by its conical bore, compact…

In feudal or medieval times a squire was a man-at-arms in the service of a knight, often as his apprentice. In later centuries, the term's meaning shifted. Squires are often known in current day as wealthy landowning people in rural England.

Squire

In feudal or medieval times a squire was a man-at-arms in the service of a knight, often as his apprentice.…

An illustration of a squire and his wife. In feudal or medieval times a squire was a man-at-arms in the service of a knight, often as his apprentice. In later centuries, the term's meaning shifted. Squires are often known in current day as wealthy landowning people in rural England.

Squire and Wife

An illustration of a squire and his wife. In feudal or medieval times a squire was a man-at-arms in…

The Medieval Fold-Tape Fret Band has a meandering pattern that interlaces.

Medieval Fold-Tape Fret Band

The Medieval Fold-Tape Fret Band has a meandering pattern that interlaces.

The medieval enrichment torus moulding are ribbons the are twisted into net work.

Medieval Enrichment Torus Moulding

The medieval enrichment torus moulding are ribbons the are twisted into net work.

The medieval enrichment torus moulding is a 13th century decoration found in an archivolt (underside of arch) in Gelnhausen, Germany..

Medieval Enrichment Torus Moulding

The medieval enrichment torus moulding is a 13th century decoration found in an archivolt (underside…

This Medieval link border is found in a mural painting in a swedish church.

Medieval Link Border

This Medieval link border is found in a mural painting in a swedish church.

The medieval steeple cross is found in the historic region Franconia of northern Germany.

Medieval Steeple Cross

The medieval steeple cross is found in the historic region Franconia of northern Germany.

The medieval steeple cross is found in the historic region Franconia of northern Germany.

Medieval Steeple Cross

The medieval steeple cross is found in the historic region Franconia of northern Germany.

The medieval steeple cross is found in the historic region Franconia of northern Germany.

Medieval Steeple Cross

The medieval steeple cross is found in the historic region Franconia of northern Germany.

The medieval grill finial is made out of wrought-iron and is in the shape of a flower.

Medieval Grill Finial

The medieval grill finial is made out of wrought-iron and is in the shape of a flower.

The medieval maniple valence is an embroidered band of silk that is typically worn by priests in the Roman Catholic church. It is ornamented with cords, tassels and embroidery.

Medieval Maniple Valence

The medieval maniple valence is an embroidered band of silk that is typically worn by priests in the…

This medieval console is found in a church in Athis, France.

Medieval Console

This medieval console is found in a church in Athis, France.

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Medieval Square Panel

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with…

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Medieval Square Panel

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with…

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Medieval Square Panel

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with…

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Medieval Square Panel

The Medieval square panel is a tile that is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with…

The Medieval circular panel is found on a glass-painting in Soissons cathedral in France.

Medieval Circular Panel

The Medieval circular panel is found on a glass-painting in Soissons cathedral in France.

The Medieval circular panel is a 14th century design found on a stone slab.

Medieval Circular Panel

The Medieval circular panel is a 14th century design found on a stone slab.

This Medieval circular panel is a design found in Laon, France.

Medieval Circular Panel

This Medieval circular panel is a design found in Laon, France.

The Medieval circular panel is a wrought-iron design found on a key-handle.

Medieval Circular Panel

The Medieval circular panel is a wrought-iron design found on a key-handle.

Medieval Folding-Chair.

Medieval Folding-Chair

Medieval Folding-Chair.

This Medieval Folding-Chair from the 9th or 10th century included a miniature painting of King Nabuchodonosor.

Medieval Folding-Chair

This Medieval Folding-Chair from the 9th or 10th century included a miniature painting of King Nabuchodonosor.

This Medieval Folding-Chair is made of bronze gilt found in the Throne of Dagobert.

Medieval Folding-Chair

This Medieval Folding-Chair is made of bronze gilt found in the Throne of Dagobert.

This Medieval Folding-Chair dates back to the 12th century, it was made of bronze. Its an Arm-Chair that folds but sometimes has to be taken apart before it can be folded up.

Medieval Folding-Chair

This Medieval Folding-Chair dates back to the 12th century, it was made of bronze. Its an Arm-Chair…