Illustration of an aerial view of an 11th century Norman castle in Europe. From this view, it is possible to see the outer wall, moat, outer and inner courts, the keep, turrets, stables and other interior buildings. There is a palisade of stakes around the moat.

An 11th Century Norman Castle, Aerial View

Illustration of an aerial view of an 11th century Norman castle in Europe. From this view, it is possible…

An ancient Assyrian wall relief, depicting two hunters on a chariot.

Assyrian Chariot Wall Relief

An ancient Assyrian wall relief, depicting two hunters on a chariot.

An ancient Assyrian divider with an ornamental horse design.

Assyrian Divider 1

An ancient Assyrian divider with an ornamental horse design.

A decorative divider dating back from ancient Assyria.

Assyrian Divider 2

A decorative divider dating back from ancient Assyria.

An ancient Assyrian wall relief, showing four hunters.

Assyrian Wall Relief

An ancient Assyrian wall relief, showing four hunters.

"Babylon is said, by some writers, to have owed its foundation to Queen Semiramis, a person whose history, as it is handed down by tradition, seems to consist rather of entertaining fictions than substantial realities. By other authors, the foundation of the city is ascribed to Belus, and Nebuchadnezzar is allowed to have completed the labor. It stood on the Euphrates, in the middle of a wide plain, and was built in the form of an exact square, each side being fifteen miles in extent." — Goodrich, 1844

Babylon

"Babylon is said, by some writers, to have owed its foundation to Queen Semiramis, a person whose history,…

Boys sitting on a wall

Boys Sitting

Boys sitting on a wall

"Ornamental Brackets. Bracket, a short piece or combination of pieces, generally more or less triangular in outline, and projecting from a wall or other surface." -Vaughan, 1906

Ornamental Brackets

"Ornamental Brackets. Bracket, a short piece or combination of pieces, generally more or less triangular…

"An external brick or stone support to the wall of a building, or to a simple wall." — Williams, 1889

Buttress

"An external brick or stone support to the wall of a building, or to a simple wall." — Williams,…

"In architecture, an ornamental finishing, either carved in stone, or of tiles running along the top of a wall, or the ridge of a rood. Crest-tiles, or Crease-tiles, are frequently in the form either of small battlements or Tudor flowers, as in the accompanying illustration from Exeter Cathedral." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Crest-Tiles

"In architecture, an ornamental finishing, either carved in stone, or of tiles running along the top…

A large, circular Chinese encampment.

Chinese encampment

A large, circular Chinese encampment.

Reindeer Age (Aurignacian) Engravings and Carvings. Shown are engravings of stage and salmon, engraved on reindeer horn, engraved stone, head of a women carved in ivory, horses head carved in ivory, stone statuettes, and painted pebbles (Azilian age).

Reindeer Age Engravings and Carvings

Reindeer Age (Aurignacian) Engravings and Carvings. Shown are engravings of stage and salmon, engraved…

"Procure pickets two inches wide, by half an inch thick, and six feet long; nail them to two rails, three inches square and twelve feet long; at each end of every rail, U-shaped pieces of stout hoop-iron (hogshead iron is best) are fastened by screws, so as to form staples, through which posts seven feet long and two and a half inches in diameter, pointed at both ends, are thrust and set firmly in the ground." — Harcourt, 1889

Picket fence

"Procure pickets two inches wide, by half an inch thick, and six feet long; nail them to two rails,…

A gabion is an open cylinder made of brushwood, canvas, wire-netting, or iron bands used in fortification. Filled with loose earth, gabions are placed on end, in tiers, to form a wall behind which earth can be piled. They are usually constructed on location and made up of whatever materials are on hand.

Gabion

A gabion is an open cylinder made of brushwood, canvas, wire-netting, or iron bands used in fortification.…

Found throughout Southern Europe, the wall gecko averages about six inches in length. It draws its name from its habit of living in the walls of old buildings.

Wall gecko

Found throughout Southern Europe, the wall gecko averages about six inches in length. It draws its name…

Hadrian's Wall is a stone and turf fortification built by the Roman Empire across the width of what is now northern England. Construction began in 122 AD.

Hadrian's Wall

Hadrian's Wall is a stone and turf fortification built by the Roman Empire across the width of what…

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall; All the king's horses and all the king's men couldn't put Humpty Dumpty together again.

Humpty Dumpty

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall; All the king's horses and all the king's…

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall; All the king's horses and all the king's men couldn't put Humpty Dumpty together again.

Humpty Dumpty

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall; All the king's horses and all the king's…

An illustration of a group of men climbing a wall of ice.

Ice Climbing

An illustration of a group of men climbing a wall of ice.

"A tiny block cut from the wall of the intestine showing villi and the mouths of glands at a; b, villus cut open to show the lacteal e and blood tubes m for absorbing food." —Davison, 1910

Section of Intestine wall

"A tiny block cut from the wall of the intestine showing villi and the mouths of glands at a; b, villus…

An illustration of ancient Jerusalem.

Ancient Jerusalem

An illustration of ancient Jerusalem.

A wall relief of the ancient Assyrian lion. These sculptures were placed in doorways as protective entities.

Assyrian Lion

A wall relief of the ancient Assyrian lion. These sculptures were placed in doorways as protective entities.

The gods agree to hire a builder to build a wall around the Golden City. The builder asks for the sun, the moon, and Freya the goddess of beauty as payment. They agree if he could do it in one winter because they believed he would not be able to, therefore they could keep the sun, the moon, and Freya. With help from his horse, the builder was almost finished before the winter. So Loki turned into a pony to distract the horse. The builder was not able to finish.

Loki Turns into a Pony

The gods agree to hire a builder to build a wall around the Golden City. The builder asks for the sun,…

An illustration of a man leaning up against a wall with his hands in his pocket.

Man Leaning Against Wall

An illustration of a man leaning up against a wall with his hands in his pocket.

An illustration of a man sitting and leaning against a wall.

Man Leaning Against Wall

An illustration of a man sitting and leaning against a wall.

An illustration of a man tying a calf to a wall.

Man Tying Calf to Wall

An illustration of a man tying a calf to a wall.

Temple of Mecca.

Temple of Mecca

Temple of Mecca.

A stone wall or embarkment used to help protect soldiers and cannons.

Parapet

A stone wall or embarkment used to help protect soldiers and cannons.

The modern Gothic parapet is a stone design of a wall-like barrier found on the edge of a roof or structure. This style includes tracery, a series of intersecting ribbed lines.

Modern Gothic Parapet

The modern Gothic parapet is a stone design of a wall-like barrier found on the edge of a roof or structure.…

The modern Gothic parapet is a stone design of a wall-like barrier found on the edge of a roof or structure. This style includes tracery, a series of intersecting ribbed lines.

Modern Gothic Parapet

The modern Gothic parapet is a stone design of a wall-like barrier found on the edge of a roof or structure.…

All these buildings are of a pyramidal shape, with vertical stages, which are separated by curved roofs and terminate above in the from of a cupola. Rows of small cupolas stand out from the roofs of the stages. The walls of these stages are covered in a bewildering way with pilasters and niches, with intricately cut cornices, with varied intersecting mouldings, and with manifold and fantastic embellishments and carvings.

Pilaster, Temple of Chillimbaram

All these buildings are of a pyramidal shape, with vertical stages, which are separated by curved roofs…

A style of joint employed in the art of Joinery (the making and fitting of the interior wood-work of a building).

Ploughed and Tongued Joint

A style of joint employed in the art of Joinery (the making and fitting of the interior wood-work of…

"The following cut gives a view of of a portion of the paved street at the entrance of Pompeii. The upper surface consists of large polygonal blocks of the hardest stone, fitted and jointed with the utmost nicety, so as to present a perfectly even surface, as free from gaps or irregularities, as if the whole had been one solid mass." — Anthon, 1891

Pompeii

"The following cut gives a view of of a portion of the paved street at the entrance of Pompeii. The…

Illustration of a wall with a rounded corner.

Corner of Rounded Wall

Illustration of a wall with a rounded corner.

First walls discovered in Pompeii.

Ruins

First walls discovered in Pompeii.

"Splitting of partition wall between guard-cells to form the stoma (Sachs.)" — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Sachs

"Splitting of partition wall between guard-cells to form the stoma (Sachs.)" — Encyclopedia Britanica,…

A small portion of the great, Roman-built Hadrian's Wall in Britain, begun in AD 122. Two men, one sitting and one standing, linger next to a low portion of the wall. Hills and mountains rise in the background.

A Section of Hadrian's Wall in Britain

A small portion of the great, Roman-built Hadrian's Wall in Britain, begun in AD 122. Two men, one sitting…

"A ladder leaning against a wall casts it shadow partly on the wall C; it is continued on an open door not perpendicular with its connecting wall; and lastly upon the ground. Project also the shadow of the door. Let A be the source of light" (Britannica, 1891)

Shadow of an Ladder

"A ladder leaning against a wall casts it shadow partly on the wall C; it is continued on an open door…

"A pole is leaning against a wall A, against which it casts part of its shadow, and the remainder upon another wall B, at right angles with A. Let D be the source of light." (Britannica, 1891)

Shadow of an Pole

"A pole is leaning against a wall A, against which it casts part of its shadow, and the remainder upon…

Shaft wall from mining.

Shaft wall

Shaft wall from mining.

The paper hanger's smoothing brush is made from one to four rows of stiff bristles, wire drawn, and sized according to the length of the head. It is used to smooth out wallpaper on to the wall.

Paper hanger's smoothing Brush

The paper hanger's smoothing brush is made from one to four rows of stiff bristles, wire drawn, and…

"A tiny block out of the stomach wall. a, the mucous membrane; c and d, the muscles; h, gastric glands; m and n, blood tubes to the glands; e, mouths of glands within the stomach." —Davison, 1910

Cross-Section of Stomach Wall

"A tiny block out of the stomach wall. a, the mucous membrane; c and d, the muscles; h, gastric glands;…

All these buildings are of a pyramidal shape, with vertical stages, which are separated by curved roofs and terminate above in the from of a cupola. Rows of small cupolas stand out from the roofs of the stages. The walls of these stages are covered in a bewildering way with pilasters and niches, with intricately cut cornices, with varied intersecting mouldings, and with manifold and fantastic embellishments and carvings. Here is the entrance gate of the temple at Chillimbaram.

Temple of Chillimbaram Entrance Elevation

All these buildings are of a pyramidal shape, with vertical stages, which are separated by curved roofs…

"Now it happened one day, that being wearied with burying, he came to his house, and cast himself down by the wall and slept, And as he was sleeping, hot dung out of a swallow's nest fell upon his eyes, and he was made blind." Tobit 2:10-11 DRA
<p>Tobias sleeps by a wall after he has exhausted himself with gathering the dead for a proper burial.

Tobias Sleeps by a Wall

"Now it happened one day, that being wearied with burying, he came to his house, and cast himself down…

"They who are within this machine obtain first a view of the place from their high position, and then, by means of small bridges (<em>pontes</em>), descend upon the city walls." — Anthon, 1891

Mobile tower

"They who are within this machine obtain first a view of the place from their high position, and then,…

"TURRETED. A wall or castle having small turrets. In the annexed example the square tower has circular turrets at the angles, and is therefore said to be turreted." -Hall, 1862

Turreted

"TURRETED. A wall or castle having small turrets. In the annexed example the square tower has circular…

"Bladder of Ultricularia neglecta, showing at c collar indistinctly seen through walls." &mdash; The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Utricularia

"Bladder of Ultricularia neglecta, showing at c collar indistinctly seen through walls." — The…

A decorative wall cabinet made out of imitation oak.

Wall Cabinet

A decorative wall cabinet made out of imitation oak.

A decorative wall cabinet made out of quartered oak.

Wall Cabinet

A decorative wall cabinet made out of quartered oak.

A decorative wall cabinet made out of whitewood.

Wall Cabinet

A decorative wall cabinet made out of whitewood.

"The Great Wall of China" &mdash; Morey, 1903

Wall China

"The Great Wall of China" — Morey, 1903

"Wall and Ditch." &mdash; Greenough, 1899

Wall Ditch

"Wall and Ditch." — Greenough, 1899

Wall-cresting, Mosque of El-Azhar, Cairo

Mosque Wall Cresting

Wall-cresting, Mosque of El-Azhar, Cairo

"So the people shouted, and the priests blew the trumpets; and it came to pass, when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, that the people shouted with a great shout, and the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight before him, and they took the city." Joshua 6:20 ASV
<p>Illustration of the Israelites entering the city of Jericho. The priests are carrying the Ark of the Covenant and blowing trumpets. Several men are carrying spears and shields. A man, possibly Joshua, rides on a horse, carrying a sword, and gesturing for the people to enter. In the background, the walls of Jericho are falling down.

The Walls of Jericho Fall and the Israelites Enter the Promised Land

"So the people shouted, and the priests blew the trumpets; and it came to pass, when the people heard…

"Copied from the wall of a house in Pompeii, representing the vintagers treading grapes with their feet." &mdash; Goodrich, 1844

Winemaking

"Copied from the wall of a house in Pompeii, representing the vintagers treading grapes with their feet."…

"On the walls near the lantern." — Young, 1901

Woman Leaning on Wall

"On the walls near the lantern." — Young, 1901