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The radial bone in the human arm.

Radius

The radial bone in the human arm.

The ulna bone in the human arm.

Ulna

The ulna bone in the human arm.

"Skeleton of Egyptian Vulture. (Neophron percnopterus), to show bones of bird. a, post-orbital process; b, lower jaw; c, cervical vertebra; co, coracoid bone; d, humerus; e, radius; f, ulna; g, metacarpus; h, second phalanx of chief digit of wing; h, phalanges of lower digit; h'', first phalanx of chief digit; i, clavicle; k, sternum; l, pelvis; m, coccyx; n, femur; o, tibia; p, tarso-metatarsus; q, phalanges of foot." — Winston's Encyclopedia, 1919

Vulture Skeleton

"Skeleton of Egyptian Vulture. (Neophron percnopterus), to show bones of bird. a, post-orbital process;…

"A. Pelvis and bones of the leg of the Leon or Diver; i, Innominate bone; f, Thighbone (femur); r, Tibia; r, Fibula, together forming the shank; m, Tarso-metatarsus; p Phalanges of the toes. B, Tail of the Golden Eagle; s, Ploughshare-shaped bone, carrying the great tail-feathers." — Winston's Encyclopedia, 1919

Diver Bones

"A. Pelvis and bones of the leg of the Leon or Diver; i, Innominate bone; f, Thighbone (femur); r, Tibia;…

A large triangular bone as the base of the spine. Resides between the two hip bones.

Human Sacrum

A large triangular bone as the base of the spine. Resides between the two hip bones.

A large triangular bone as the base of the spine. Resides in between the two hip bones.

Human Sacrum

A large triangular bone as the base of the spine. Resides in between the two hip bones.

A large triangular bone as the base of the spine. Resides inbetween the two hip bones.

Bird Sacrum

A large triangular bone as the base of the spine. Resides inbetween the two hip bones.

The bone of the middle line of the back.

Backbone

The bone of the middle line of the back.

"The skeleton of the trunk and the limb arches seen from the front. C, clavicle; S, scapula; Oc, innominate bone attached to the side of the sacrum dorsally and meeting its fellow at the pubic symphysis in the ventral median line." —Martin, 1917

Skeletal Trunk

"The skeleton of the trunk and the limb arches seen from the front. C, clavicle; S, scapula; Oc, innominate…

"The bones of the arm. a, humerus; b, ulna; c, radius; d, the carpus; e, the fifth metacarpal; f, the three phalanges of the fifth digit (little finger)." —Martin, 1917

Arm Bones

"The bones of the arm. a, humerus; b, ulna; c, radius; d, the carpus; e, the fifth metacarpal; f, the…

"Bones of the leg. a, femur; b, tibia; c, fibula; d, tarsal bones; e, metatarsal bones; f, phalanges; g, patella." —Martin, 1917

Leg Bones

"Bones of the leg. a, femur; b, tibia; c, fibula; d, tarsal bones; e, metatarsal bones; f, phalanges;…

"It is worthy of note that, owing to the oblique direction in which the muscles are commonly inserted into the bones, much of their force is lost so far as producing movement is concerned. Suppose the log of wood in the diagram to be raised by pulling on the rope in the direction a; it is clear at first that the rope will act at a great disadvantage; most of the pull transmitted by it will be exerted against the pivot on which the log hinges, and only a small fraction be available for elevating the latter. But the more the log is lifted, as for example into the position indicated by the dotted lines, the more useful will be the direction of the pull, and the more of it will be spend on the log and the less lost unavailingly in merely increasing the pressure at the hinge." —Martin, 1917

Oblique Pull

"It is worthy of note that, owing to the oblique direction in which the muscles are commonly inserted…

"The mouth, nose and pharynx, with the commencement of the gullet and larynx, as exposed by a section, a little to the left of the median plane of the head. a, vertebral column; b, gullet; c, wind-pipe; d, larynx; e, epiglottis; f, soft palate; g, opning of eustachian tube; k, tongue; l, hard palate; m, the sphenoid bone on the base of the skull; n, the fore part of the cranial cavity; o, p, q, the turbinate bones of the outer side of the left nostril-chamber." —Martin, 1917

Mouth

"The mouth, nose and pharynx, with the commencement of the gullet and larynx, as exposed by a section,…

"Frog with the left side cut away and some of the organs pulled downward. a, aorta leading from the ventricle; b, bladder; c, spinal cord surrounded by the vertebral column of bone; d, small intestine; e, opening of the lungs into the pharynx; h, ventricle of the heart; k, kidney; l, lung; liv, liver; n, brain; ov, ovary; ovd, oviduct; p, pancreas; r, rectum; sp, spleen; st, stomach; t, tongue; si, small intestine; u, left auricle; ur, ureter; v, vena cava; vc, body of vertebra." —Davison, 1906

Dissected Frog

"Frog with the left side cut away and some of the organs pulled downward. a, aorta leading from the…

Longitudinal section of bone, a microscopic view. 1: Cells; 2: Canals; 3: Intercellular substance.

Bone Section

Longitudinal section of bone, a microscopic view. 1: Cells; 2: Canals; 3: Intercellular substance.

Cross-section of bone, a microscopic view. 1: Cells; 2: Canals; 3: Intercellular substance.

Bone Section

Cross-section of bone, a microscopic view. 1: Cells; 2: Canals; 3: Intercellular substance.

Vertical section through the finger end. 1: Nail; 2: Cuticle; 3: Cutis; 4: Groove in Cuticle at the root of the Nail; 5: Bone.

Skin

Vertical section through the finger end. 1: Nail; 2: Cuticle; 3: Cutis; 4: Groove in Cuticle at the…

"Upper and lower teeth of one side of the mouth of a dolphin, as an example of homodont type of dentition. The bone covering the outer side of the roots of the teeth has been removed to show the simple character." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Dolphin Teeth

"Upper and lower teeth of one side of the mouth of a dolphin, as an example of homodont type of dentition.…

The lower maxillary bone, including the bottom set of teeth.

Maxillary

The lower maxillary bone, including the bottom set of teeth.

"Longitudinal and Vertical section of the skull of a dog, with mandible and hyoid arch. an, anterior narial aperture; MT, maxillo-turbinal bone; ET, the ethmo-turbinal; Fr, frontal; Pa, pariental; IP, interparietal; SO, supra-occipital; ExO, sphenoid; OS, orbito-sphenoid; PS, presphenoid; Pl, palatine; Vo, vomer; Mx, maxilla; PMx, premaxilla; sh, stylo-hyal; eh, epi-hyal; ch, cerato-hyal; bh, basihyal; th, thyro-hyal; s, symphysis of mandible; cp, coronoid process; cd, condyle; a, angle; id, inferior dental canal. The mandible is displaced downwards, to show its entire form; the * indicated the part of the cranium to which the condyle is articulated." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Dog Skull

"Longitudinal and Vertical section of the skull of a dog, with mandible and hyoid arch. an, anterior…

External view of the left side of Larynx. 1: Front portion of hyoid bone; 2: Upper edge of larynx; 3: Lower portion of larynx; 4: Second ring of trachea.

Larynx

External view of the left side of Larynx. 1: Front portion of hyoid bone; 2: Upper edge of larynx; 3:…

"Skull of Hystrix Eristata. t, temporal muscle; m, masseter. m', portion of masseter transmitted through the infra-orbital foramen, the superior maxillary nerve passing outwards between it and the maxillary bone." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Hystrix Eristata

"Skull of Hystrix Eristata. t, temporal muscle; m, masseter. m', portion of masseter transmitted through…

"Restoration of Dinoceras Mirabile." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Dinoceras Mirabile

"Restoration of Dinoceras Mirabile." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Tapir (Tapirus indicus)." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Perissodactyle

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Tapir (Tapirus indicus)." —The Encyclopedia…

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Sumairensis)." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Perissodactyle

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Sumairensis)." —The…

"Bones of fore foot of existing Artiodactyle. Pig (Sus scrofa)." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Artiodactyles

"Bones of fore foot of existing Artiodactyle. Pig (Sus scrofa)." —The Encyclopedia Britannica,…

"Bones of fore foot of existing Artiodactyle. Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Artiodactyles

"Bones of fore foot of existing Artiodactyle. Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)." —The Encyclopedia Britannica,…

Diagramatic section of the Left Ear. 1: Concha; 2: External canal; 3: Middle ear, crossed by the ossicles; 4: Inner ear; 5: Petrous bone; 6: External membrane of the middle ear; 7: Eustachian tube; 8: Auditory nerve.

Left Ear

Diagramatic section of the Left Ear. 1: Concha; 2: External canal; 3: Middle ear, crossed by the ossicles;…

Skeleton of the fore limb of the horse. <em>sc</em>, shoulder blade; <em>h</em>, humerus; <em>r</em>, radius; <em>ua</em>, ulna; <em>m</em>, splint bone or fourth metacarpal; <em>p</em>, phalanges.

Fore Limb

Skeleton of the fore limb of the horse. sc, shoulder blade; h, humerus; r,…

The dura mater and cranial sinuses. 1, falx cerebri; 2, tentorium; 3, superior longitudinal sinus; 4, lateral sinus; 5, internal jugular vein; 6, torcular herophili; 7, inferior longitudinal sinus; 8, veins of galen; 9 and 10, superior and inferior petrosal sinus; 11, cavernous sinus; 12, circular sinus which connects the two cavernous sinuses together; 13, ophthalmic vein, from 15, the eyeball; 14, crista galli of themoid bone.

Dura Mater and Cranial Sinuses

The dura mater and cranial sinuses. 1, falx cerebri; 2, tentorium; 3, superior longitudinal sinus; 4,…

1. Frontal bone 2. Parietal bone 3. Coronal Suture 4. Squamous portion of Temporal bone 5. Mastoid process of Temporal bone 6. Zygoma 7. Superior Maxillary Bone 8. Inferior Maxillary Bone 9. Tempero-Maxillary Bone 10. Nasal Bone 11. Orbit 12. Cervical Vertebra 13. First Rib 14. Clavicle 15. Manubrium 16. Body of Sternum 17. Ensiform Process of Sternum 18. Shoulder Blade 19. Acromion Process of Scapula 20. Costal Cartilage 21. Seventh Rib 22. Eighth Rib 23. Twelfth Rib 24. Twelfth Dorsal Vertebra 25. Lumbar Vertebra 26. Head of Humerus 27. Humerus 28. Elbow-Joint 29. Radius 30. Ulna 31. Wrist 32. Metacarpal bone 33.Thumb 34. Phalanges of the Finger 35. Sacrum 36. Ilium 37. Crest of the Ilium 38. Pubic Bone 39. Ischium 40. Sacro-Iliac Symphysis 41. Pubic Symphysis 42. Obturator Foramen 43. Head of Femur 44. Neck of Femur 45. Greater trochanter 46. Femur 47 Patella knee-pan 48. Tibia 49. Fibula 50. External Malleolus 51. Internal Malleolus 52. Os Calcis 53. Tarsus 54. Metatarsal Bone 55. Phalanges of Toes

Skeleton

1. Frontal bone 2. Parietal bone 3. Coronal Suture 4. Squamous portion of Temporal bone 5. Mastoid process…

1. Collar bone 2. Left Lung 3. Breast Bone 4. Right Lung 5. Ribs 6. Right lobe of the liver 7. Left lobe of the liver 8. Cartilage 9. Stomach 10. Spleen 11. Descending colon 12. Transverse colon 13. Ascending colon 14. Omentum 15. Coecum 16. Verniform appendix 17.Mesentery 18. Small intestines 19. Sigmoid Flexure 20. Bladder

Internal Anatomy

1. Collar bone 2. Left Lung 3. Breast Bone 4. Right Lung 5. Ribs 6. Right lobe of the liver 7. Left…

Section through the Head and Neck on the Median Line. 1. Medulla Oblongata 2. Pons 3. Right lobe of cerebrum 4. Cerebellum in section 5. Blood vessel 6. Corpus Striatum 7. Nasal Passage 8. Nasal bone 9. Soft Palate 10. Hard Palate 11. Tongue 12. Epiglottis 13. Os Hyoides 14. Oesaphagus 15. Spinal 16. Larynx 17. Windpipe

Sectional view of the Head

Section through the Head and Neck on the Median Line. 1. Medulla Oblongata 2. Pons 3. Right lobe of…

"The Scapula, or shoulder blade, is one of the two bones, the other being the clavicle, which form the pectoral arch or shoulder girdle." &mdash;Finley, 1917

Shoulder blade

"The Scapula, or shoulder blade, is one of the two bones, the other being the clavicle, which form the…

"Shoulder bones and ligaments. 1. Humerus, 3. Scapula, 4. Tendon of biceps 5. Capsular ligament 6. Acromion 7. Coracoid process 8. Clavicle"&mdash;Finley, 1917

Shoulder bones and ligaments

"Shoulder bones and ligaments. 1. Humerus, 3. Scapula, 4. Tendon of biceps 5. Capsular ligament 6. Acromion…

A human skeleton.

Human skeleton

A human skeleton.

"Side view of the axis, the second cervical vertebra."&mdash;Finley, 1917

Axis

"Side view of the axis, the second cervical vertebra."—Finley, 1917

Side view of the dorsal vertebra.

Dorsal vertebra

Side view of the dorsal vertebra.

"Section of two lumbar vertebrae, showing ligaments."&mdash;Finley, 1917

Lumbar vertebrae

"Section of two lumbar vertebrae, showing ligaments."—Finley, 1917

The Human Skeleton. Labels: a, parietal bone; b, frontal; c, cervical vertebrae; d, sternum; e, lumbar vertebrae; f, ulna; g, radius; h, wrist or carpal bones; i, metacarpal bones; k, phalanges; l, tibia; m, fibula; n, tarsal bones; o, metatarsal; p, phalanges; , patella; r, femur; s, haunch (hip) bone; t, humerus; u, clavicle.

The Human Skeleton

The Human Skeleton. Labels: a, parietal bone; b, frontal; c, cervical vertebrae; d, sternum; e, lumbar…

The human clavicle bone (anterior portion of the shoulder girdle).

The Human Clavicle

The human clavicle bone (anterior portion of the shoulder girdle).

The human scapula bone (shoulder blade). Labels: 1, glenoid cavity; 2, end of the spine of scapula.

The Human Scapula

The human scapula bone (shoulder blade). Labels: 1, glenoid cavity; 2, end of the spine of scapula.

The human humerus bone, the longest and largest bone of the upper leg. Labels: a, rounded head; gt, greater tuberosity; lt, lesser tuberosity; b, groove for attachment of biceps tendon.

The Human Humerus

The human humerus bone, the longest and largest bone of the upper leg. Labels: a, rounded head; gt,…

The Ulna and Radius. Labels: 1, radius; 2, ulna; o, olecranon process, on the anterior surface of which are seen the large (gs) and the small (ls) cavities for the reception of the lower end of the humerus and of the head of the radius, respectively; h, head of radius.

The Human Ulna and Radius

The Ulna and Radius. Labels: 1, radius; 2, ulna; o, olecranon process, on the anterior surface of which…

Bones of the Wrist and Hand. Labels: m, metacarpal bones; p, phalanges; 3, bones of wrist.

The Human Wrist and Hand Bones

Bones of the Wrist and Hand. Labels: m, metacarpal bones; p, phalanges; 3, bones of wrist.

The Os Innominatum, or nameless bone, so called from bearing no resemblance to any known object, is a large irregular shaped bone, which, with its fellow of opposite side, forms the sides and front wall of the pelvic cavity. Labels: R, O, crest of ilium, just below O is seen the anterior superior spinous process; J, tuberosity of ischium; t, part of pubes, between J and T is seen the thyroid foramen: H, acetabulum, below H is seen end of ubic bone which, with its fellow of opposite side, forms the symphysis pubis.

Part of the Human Pelvic Bone

The Os Innominatum, or nameless bone, so called from bearing no resemblance to any known object, is…

The Femur (upper leg bone) is the longest, largest, and strongest bone in the skeleton. Labels: b, rounded head; n, neck; gtr, greater trochanter; ltr, lesser trochanter.

Human Femur Bone

The Femur (upper leg bone) is the longest, largest, and strongest bone in the skeleton. Labels: b, rounded…

Bones of the Ankle and Foot. Labels: m, metatarsal bones; p, phalanges; ca, os calcis, or heel bone.

Bones of the Ankle and Foot

Bones of the Ankle and Foot. Labels: m, metatarsal bones; p, phalanges; ca, os calcis, or heel bone.

Occipital bone of the human skull, inner surface. It is situated at the back and base of the skull. Labels: 9,9, and 10,10, depression for reception of lobes of brain; 11, foramen magnum.

Occipital Bone of the Human Skull

Occipital bone of the human skull, inner surface. It is situated at the back and base of the skull.…

Parietal bone of the human skull, inner surface. The parietal bones form the greater part of the sides and roof of the skull. Labels: A, parietal depression; E, furrow for ramification of arteries.

Parietal Bone of the Human Skull

Parietal bone of the human skull, inner surface. The parietal bones form the greater part of the sides…

Frontal bone of the human skull, outer surface. The frontal bone forms the forehead, roof of the orbital cavities, and the nasal cavity. Labels: 1, frontal eminence; 7, roof of orbital cavitiy; 10, orbital arch.

Frontal Bone of the Human Skull

Frontal bone of the human skull, outer surface. The frontal bone forms the forehead, roof of the orbital…

Temporal bone of the human skull. The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull. Labels: 1, squamous portion; 2, placed below external opening of auditory canal in petrous portion; 3, placed below mastoid portion; 4, placed below glenoid cavity for reception of condyle of lower jaw.

Temporal Bone of the Human Skull

Temporal bone of the human skull. The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull.…

Sphenoid bone, situated the anterior part of the base of the skull, articulating with all the other cranial bones, which it binds firmly and solidly together. Labels: a, greater wing; b, lesser wing.

Sphenoid Bone of the Human Skull

Sphenoid bone, situated the anterior part of the base of the skull, articulating with all the other…

Ethmoid bone, posterior surface. The ethmoid bone is an exceedingly light, spongy bone, placed between the two orbits and at the root of the nose, contributing to form a part of each of these cavities. Label: 2, cribriform, or perforated plate.

Ethmoid Bone of the Human Skull

Ethmoid bone, posterior surface. The ethmoid bone is an exceedingly light, spongy bone, placed between…

Lachrymal Bone. The lachrymal are the smallest and most fragile bones fo the face. They are situated at the front part of the inner wall of the orbit.

Human Lachrymal Facial Bone

Lachrymal Bone. The lachrymal are the smallest and most fragile bones fo the face. They are situated…

Vomer bone, a single bone placed at the back part of the nasal cavity, and forms part of the septum of the nasal fossae.

Human Vomer Nasal Bone

Vomer bone, a single bone placed at the back part of the nasal cavity, and forms part of the septum…

Malar (cheek) bone. The malar bones form the prominence of the cheek, and part of the outer wall and floor of the orbit.

Human Malar (Cheek) Bone

Malar (cheek) bone. The malar bones form the prominence of the cheek, and part of the outer wall and…

Palate bone. Palate bones form the back part of the roof of the mouth; part of the floor and outer wall of the nasal fossae, and a very small portion of the floor of the orbit.

Human Palate Bone

Palate bone. Palate bones form the back part of the roof of the mouth; part of the floor and outer wall…

Inferior turbinated bone, convex surface. The inferior turbinated bones are situated on the outer wall of each side of the nostril. Teach consists of a layer of thin, spongy bone, curled upon itself like a scroll.

Human Nostril Bone

Inferior turbinated bone, convex surface. The inferior turbinated bones are situated on the outer wall…

Superior maxillary bone. With it's fellow on the opposite side, it forms the whole of the upper jaw. Each bone assists in forming part of the floor of the orbit, the floor and outer wall of the nasal fossae, and the greater part of the roof of the mouth. Labels: 1, orbital surface; 2, facial surface; 3, alveolar process.

Human Maxillary (Upper Jaw) Bone

Superior maxillary bone. With it's fellow on the opposite side, it forms the whole of the upper jaw.…