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"General McPherson, born in Sandusky, Ohio, November 14th, 1828, died near Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd, 1864; was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1853. At the beginning of the Civil War he applied for active duty with the army in the field, where his promotion was very rapid. When active operations began in the spring of 1862 he was transferred to the staff of General Grant, with whom he served as chief engineer at Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Shiloh and the siege of Corinth. He repulsed the Confederates at Canton, Miss.; second in command to General Sherman in the expedition to Meridian in 1864; and commanded the Seventeenth Army Corps in the great four months' campaign of 1864 that ended in the capture of Atlanta, near where he was killed."— Frank Leslie, 1896

General James B. McPherson

"General McPherson, born in Sandusky, Ohio, November 14th, 1828, died near Atlanta, Ga., July 22nd,…

(1815-1872) U.S. general during the Civil War, born in Spain

General George G. Meade

(1815-1872) U.S. general during the Civil War, born in Spain

"General Meade, born in Cadiz, Spain, December 31st, 1815, died in Philadelphia, Pa., November 6th, 1872, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1835, and began active service in the Seminole War in the same year, as second lieutenant; upon the call to arms in 1861, he was made brigadier general; fought valiantly at Mechanicsville, Gaines's Mill and at Cross Roads, Va., where he was wounded; at Antietam he took charge of General Hooker's corps upon the latter being wounded. In 1862, he was made major general, and on June 28th, 1862, a message from Washington arrived on the field with orders for Meade to relieve hooker as commander of the Army of the Potomac. On July 1st he met Lee at Gettysburg, where the greatest battle of the war was fought."— Frank Leslie, 1896

General George G. Meade

"General Meade, born in Cadiz, Spain, December 31st, 1815, died in Philadelphia, Pa., November 6th,…

(1815-1872) U.S. general, born in Spain

General George G. Meade

(1815-1872) U.S. general, born in Spain

The Battle of Beaver Dam Creek, also known as the Battle of Mechanicsville or Ellerson's Mill took place on June 26, 1862 in Hanover County, Virginia. The Battle of Mechanicsville was the first major engagement of the Seven Days Battles of the Civil War.

Battle of Mechanicsville

The Battle of Beaver Dam Creek, also known as the Battle of Mechanicsville or Ellerson's Mill took place…

The First Battle of Memphis was a naval battle fought on the Mississippi River directly above the city of Memphis on June 6, 1862 during the Civil War. The battle marked the eradication of a Confederate naval presence on the Mississippi River.

First Battle of Memphis

The First Battle of Memphis was a naval battle fought on the Mississippi River directly above the city…

The Merrimac sinking the Cumberland.

Merrimac

The Merrimac sinking the Cumberland.

"Destruction of the Confederate ironclad steamer <em>Merrimac</em>, blown up by its commander, on the morning of May 11th, 1862. The abandonment of Norfolk compelled the evacuation of the Confederate positions at Sewell's Point and at Crany Island, and on May 11th, 1862, the <em>Merrimac</em> was blown up to prevent her falling into the hands of the Federals. The Federal officers who witnessed the burning and blowing up of the <em>Merrimac</em> described the scene as one of the grandest imaginable. For nearly an hour before the explosion the roof was red hot, and at short intervals the guns would discharge themselves, solemnly breking in upon the stillness of the night. Just at the first dawn of daylight the whole black mass heaved upward, then came the report, so terrific as to shake houses at a distance of eight miles. With a flash, an unearthly hissing sound, and the great monster, the <em>Merrimac</em>, ceased to exist." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Destruction of Merrimac

"Destruction of the Confederate ironclad steamer Merrimac, blown up by its commander, on the…

"General Merritt, born in New York city June 16th, 1836. He was graduated at the United States Military Academy July 1st, 1860, assigned to the dragoons and promoted first lieutenant May 13th, 1861, and captain April 13th, 1861, and captain April 5th, 1862. He took part in General George Stoneman's raid toward Richmond in April and May, 1863, and was in command of the reserve cavalry brigade in the Pennsylvania campaign of the same year, being commissioned brigadier general of volunteers in June. For gallant and meritrious services during the battle of Gettysburg he was brevetted major. Still in command of his brigade, he took part in the various engagements in Central Virginia in 1863-4, and was brevetted lieutenant colonel and colonel in the regular army and major general of volunteers, for gallantry at the battle of Yellow Tavern, Hawes's Shop and Winchester, respectively. On March 13th, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier general and major general in the regular army for bravery at the battle of Five Forks, and his services during the final Virginia campaign."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Wesley Merritt

"General Merritt, born in New York city June 16th, 1836. He was graduated at the United States Military…

The activity of the Confederates on the Potomac and the confluent rivers was almost incredible. In one night some point hitherto defenseless was made to bristle with cannon, and the first intimation of its locality was a leaden messenger winging its way on its mission of death. A party of the Tenth Regiment of New York Zuoaves, while out scouting through a dense wood, came suddenly in sight of Messech's Point, and there beheld the Confederates at work upon an almost completed battery, which had sprung up with magical rapidity.

Discovery of a Confederate Battery at Messech's Point

The activity of the Confederates on the Potomac and the confluent rivers was almost incredible. In one…

"Battle of Middletown, on the afternoon of the 19th of October, 1864. Great victory won by Major General Sheridan. Our sketch represents the gallant charge of the Sixth Corps, commanded by General Getty, which was made at about four o'clock in the afternoon of the 19th. It was this which decided the battle. The charge was made in face of a deadly and terrible fire from the Confederate batteries, under which the Federal troops only slightly wavered, though they never for an instant gave way. The battle ground is depicted in our sketch, lying at the foot of the Blue Ridge. The Confederate position is on the right, sheltered by a stone fence. That of the Sixth Corps is similarly protected on the left."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Middletown

"Battle of Middletown, on the afternoon of the 19th of October, 1864. Great victory won by Major General…

"Camp life in the West. During one of the pauses in the active part of the Missouri campaign our special artist sent us some sketches which belond more to the romance of war than its struggle. This image shows midnight outside the tent in the West."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Midnight in the West

"Camp life in the West. During one of the pauses in the active part of the Missouri campaign our special…

"General Miles, born in Westminster, Mass., August 8th, 1839. General Miles served in the Civil War."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Nelson Miles

"General Miles, born in Westminster, Mass., August 8th, 1839. General Miles served in the Civil War."—…

(1839- ) American general serving in the Civil War

General Nelson A. Miles

(1839- ) American general serving in the Civil War

U. S. soldier who served in the Spanish-American War and the Civil War.

Nelson A. Miles

U. S. soldier who served in the Spanish-American War and the Civil War.

(1839-1925) American soldier who sirved in the Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish-American War.

Nelson A. Miles

(1839-1925) American soldier who sirved in the Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish-American War.

"The military authorities at Washington, D. C., examining passes in 1861. This scene was of frequent occurrence. A gallant volunteer wishes to take a short furlough in order to show his fiancee the wonders of the capital city. The provost marshal is scrutinizing the document with considerable interest, as though he has some latent doubts of its genuineness." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Military authorities

"The military authorities at Washington, D. C., examining passes in 1861. This scene was of frequent…

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000 strong, under General Zollicoffer, and the Federal troops, 4,000 strong, commanded by General Thomas, fought Sunday, January 19th, 1862- flight of the Confederate Army. One of the most dashing, desperate and decisive battles of the war took place on Sunday, January 19th, 1862, when a Confederate army of 8,000 men, led by Generals Zollicoffer and Crittenden, were totally routed by General Thomas, at the head of about 4,000 Federal troops. The cannonading began at four o'clock in the morning, and the engagement soon became general. Zollicoffer found, however, that instead of surprising General Thomas, that able and vigilant officer was ready for him. The Confederates fought gallantly throughout that dismal Sabbath day, and owing to their decided superiority in numbers the result was doubtful till near the conclusion of the conflict. The death of Colonel Peyton, who fell gallantly at the head of his regiment, had materially damped the spirits of the Confederates, but the fall of their commander, Zollicoffer, about ten minutes past three in the afternoon, completed their rout. At that hour, as the Fourth Kentucky regiment was deploying on the flank of the Confederate army, Zollicoffer, attended by several of his aids, mistook his way in the underwood, and suddenly emerged before Colonel Fry, who was also with several officers. At first they mistook each other for friends, but upon the mistake being discovered one of the Confederate officers fired at Fry and shot his horse. Almost at the same instant Colonel Fry drew his revolver and shot General Zollicoffer through the heart. His aids, seeing their commander slain, deserted the body, which was taken charge of by the Federal troops, and carried to Somerset. The news spread like wildfire through the Confederate army, which fled with precipitation, and at half-past three not a confederate stood his ground." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Mill Spring

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000…

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000 strong, under General Zollicoffer, and the Federal troops, 4,000 strong, commanded by General Thomas, fought Sunday, January 19th, 1862- flight of the Confederate Army. One of the most dashing, desperate and decisive battles of the war took place on Sunday, January 19th, 1862, when a Confederate army of 8,000 men, led by Generals Zollicoffer and Crittenden, were totally routed by General Thomas, at the head of about 4,000 Federal troops. The cannonading began at four o'clock in the morning, and the engagement soon became general. Zollicoffer found, however, that instead of surprising General Thomas, that able and vigilant officer was ready for him. The Confederates fought gallantly throughout that dismal Sabbath day, and owing to their decided superiority in numbers the result was doubtful till near the conclusion of the conflict. The death of Colonel Peyton, who fell gallantly at the head of his regiment, had materially damped the spirits of the Confederates, but the fall of their commander, Zollicoffer, about ten minutes past three in the afternoon, completed their rout. At that hour, as the Fourth Kentucky regiment was deploying on the flank of the Confederate army, Zollicoffer, attended by several of his aids, mistook his way in the underwood, and suddenly emerged before Colonel Fry, who was also with several officers. At first they mistook each other for friends, but upon the mistake being discovered one of the Confederate officers fired at Fry and shot his horse. Almost at the same instant Colonel Fry drew his revolver and shot General Zollicoffer through the heart. His aids, seeing their commander slain, deserted the body, which was taken charge of by the Federal troops, and carried to Somerset. The news spread like wildfire through the Confederate army, which fled with precipitation, and at half-past three not a confederate stood his ground." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Mill Spring

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000…

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000 strong, under General Zollicoffer, and the Federal troops, 4,000 strong, commanded by General Thomas, fought Sunday, January 19th, 1862- flight of the Confederate Army. One of the most dashing, desperate and decisive battles of the war took place on Sunday, January 19th, 1862, when a Confederate army of 8,000 men, led by Generals Zollicoffer and Crittenden, were totally routed by General Thomas, at the head of about 4,000 Federal troops. The cannonading began at four o'clock in the morning, and the engagement soon became general. Zollicoffer found, however, that instead of surprising General Thomas, that able and vigilant officer was ready for him. The Confederates fought gallantly throughout that dismal Sabbath day, and owing to their decided superiority in numbers the result was doubtful till near the conclusion of the conflict. The death of Colonel Peyton, who fell gallantly at the head of his regiment, had materially damped the spirits of the Confederates, but the fall of their commander, Zollicoffer, about ten minutes past three in the afternoon, completed their rout. At that hour, as the Fourth Kentucky regiment was deploying on the flank of the Confederate army, Zollicoffer, attended by several of his aids, mistook his way in the underwood, and suddenly emerged before Colonel Fry, who was also with several officers. At first they mistook each other for friends, but upon the mistake being discovered one of the Confederate officers fired at Fry and shot his horse. Almost at the same instant Colonel Fry drew his revolver and shot General Zollicoffer through the heart. His aids, seeing their commander slain, deserted the body, which was taken charge of by the Federal troops, and carried to Somerset. The news spread like wildfire through the Confederate army, which fled with precipitation, and at half-past three not a confederate stood his ground." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Mill Spring

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000…

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000 strong, under General Zollicoffer, and the Federal troops, 4,000 strong, commanded by General Thomas, fought Sunday, January 19th, 1862- flight of the Confederate Army. One of the most dashing, desperate and decisive battles of the war took place on Sunday, January 19th, 1862, when a Confederate army of 8,000 men, led by Generals Zollicoffer and Crittenden, were totally routed by General Thomas, at the head of about 4,000 Federal troops. The cannonading began at four o'clock in the morning, and the engagement soon became general. Zollicoffer found, however, that instead of surprising General Thomas, that able and vigilant officer was ready for him. The Confederates fought gallantly throughout that dismal Sabbath day, and owing to their decided superiority in numbers the result was doubtful till near the conclusion of the conflict. The death of Colonel Peyton, who fell gallantly at the head of his regiment, had materially damped the spirits of the Confederates, but the fall of their commander, Zollicoffer, about ten minutes past three in the afternoon, completed their rout. At that hour, as the Fourth Kentucky regiment was deploying on the flank of the Confederate army, Zollicoffer, attended by several of his aids, mistook his way in the underwood, and suddenly emerged before Colonel Fry, who was also with several officers. At first they mistook each other for friends, but upon the mistake being discovered one of the Confederate officers fired at Fry and shot his horse. Almost at the same instant Colonel Fry drew his revolver and shot General Zollicoffer through the heart. His aids, seeing their commander slain, deserted the body, which was taken charge of by the Federal troops, and carried to Somerset. The news spread like wildfire through the Confederate army, which fled with precipitation, and at half-past three not a confederate stood his ground." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Mill Spring

"Battle of Mill Spring, on the Cumberland River, near Jamestown, between a confederate force, 8,000…

Soldiers capturing a cannon. Depiction of the Battle of Gaine's Mill during the Civil War. It was the third of the Seven Days' Battle. Gaine's Mill saved Richmond for the confederacy in 1862. The Seven Days' Battle was a series of six battles over seven days from June 25 - July 1 1862 near Richmond. Confederate leader was General Robert E. Lee and the Union leader was Major General George B. McClellan

Gaine's Mill

Soldiers capturing a cannon. Depiction of the Battle of Gaine's Mill during the Civil War. It was the…

"The Prison Pen at Millen, Ga., as it appeared previous to the arrival of General Sherman's Army. Our special artist has sketched this Golgotha, and we doubt not it will create in the bosom of our readers the same sentiments of horror which it did in those of the gallant soldiers who viewed with silent rage the scene of their brother soldiers' persecutions and sufferings. Our illustration will prove more eloquent than any description. Here were brave and starved men compelled to burrow like wild beasts, enduring all the pangs of hunger and the insults of their brutal jailers. The stockade was a square of five hundred feet, or an area of nearly fifteen acres. It was among pines, on dry rolling ground, although in a swampy region. The stockade was of pine logs, rising from twelve to fifteen feet above the ground; sentry boxes were placed along the top of the stockade, fifty feet apart, and reached from the outside by ladders. On the eastern part extended a ravine, through which ran a small stream of good water. About three thousand prisoners had been confined here. In this space were their huts, without regularity in arrangement, roofed with loose earth, supported by sticks."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Millen Prison Pen

"The Prison Pen at Millen, Ga., as it appeared previous to the arrival of General Sherman's Army. Our…

"General Milroy, born in Washington County, Ind., June 11th, 1816, was graduated at Norwich University, Vt., in 1843, and served in the Mexican War as captain in the First Indiana Volunteers. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and in 1850 was graduated at the law department of Indiana University. At the beginning of the Civil War he issued a call for volunteers, and was made a captain, becoming colonel of the Ninth Indiana Volunteers, April 26th, 1861. He served in Western Virginia under McClellan and Rosecrans, receiving a commission as brigadier general on February 6th, 1862, and thereafter continued in various commands in Virginia, under Fremont and Sigel, until March 11th, 1863, when he was made major general of volunteers. In this capacity he had charge of the Second Division of the Eighth Army Corps, and was stationed at Winchester, Va. Here, on June 15th, 1863, he was attacked by nearly the whole of Lee's army, which was marching toward Pennsylvania. General Milroy resisted this superior force for three days, and then cut his way out by night, losing a large portion of his forces. He resigned from the army in 1865." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Robert H. Milroy

"General Milroy, born in Washington County, Ind., June 11th, 1816, was graduated at Norwich University,…

The Mississippi at Port Hudson, Louisiana.

Mississippi at Port Hudson

The Mississippi at Port Hudson, Louisiana.

"The war in Mississippi. General McPherson's army crossing the Big Black at messenger's Ferry, Thursday, October 15th, 1863. When the Confederates began to concentrate all their available forces before Rosecrans at Chattanooga a diversion was made by General McPherson, who led an expedition into Mississippi as far as Canton, and compelled them to sacrifice much or change their plans. The alarm caused was beneficial. General McPherson, whom the Confederates learned to respect at Vicksburg, moved rapidly and struck severely. Our sketch represents the army crossing by bridge and ford the Big Black, at a place called Messenger's Ferry, on Thursday, October 15th."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

War in Mississippi

"The war in Mississippi. General McPherson's army crossing the Big Black at messenger's Ferry, Thursday,…

"The war in Mississippi- defeat of Wirt Adams's Confederate cavalry by the Second Wisconsin cavalry, Major Eastman, near Red Bone Church, Miss."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

War in Mississippi

"The war in Mississippi- defeat of Wirt Adams's Confederate cavalry by the Second Wisconsin cavalry,…

"General Mitchel, born at Morganfield, Union County, Ky., August 28th, 1809, died at Hilton Head, S. C., October 30th, 1862, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1829. Immediately after his graduation he was made assistant professor of mathematics at the Military Academy, which position he held for two years, when he was assigned to duty at Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Fla. He soon resigned and moved to Cincinnati, where he commenced the study of law and was admitted to the bar. In 1861 he entered the Civil War in the cause of the Union, and was placed in command of a division of General Buell's army. He served with the Army of the Ohio during the campaigns of Tennessee and Northern Alabama, and reached the brevet title of major general of volunteers, April 11th, 1862. Afterward he was placed in command of the Department of the South at Hilton Hed, S. C., where he was fatally stricken with yellow fever in the prime of his career." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel

"General Mitchel, born at Morganfield, Union County, Ky., August 28th, 1809, died at Hilton Head, S.…

"Farragut's naval victory in Mobile Harbor. The <em>Hartford</em> engaging the Confederate ram <em>Tennessee</em>. Official report of the engagement: 'The engagement with the enemy's fleet took place on the west side of Mobile Bay, in the direction of Fort Powell, and out of range of the guns of Fort Morgan. The <em>Tennessee</em> boldly steamed in the direction of our fleet, as if for the purpose of running down and destroying the wooden vessels, without paying attention to the monitors, except to keep out of their way; but they persevered in following her and cutting her off, when her whole attention was forced to be directed to them. The fighting did not last long between them, however, for the flagship and the <em>Monongahela</em> steamed in the direction of the <em>Tennessee</em>, the <em>Monongahela</em> striking her amidships with her terrible prow, causing the huge Confederate monster to reel like a drunken man. The <em>Hartford</em> then grappled the <em>Tennessee</em>, but further bloodshed was saved by the latter hoisting the white flag from the pilot-house. Captain Pierre Giraud led the party who boarded the ram, and the Confederate Admiral Buchanana delivered up his sword to him.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Mobile Harbor

"Farragut's naval victory in Mobile Harbor. The Hartford engaging the Confederate ram Tennessee.…

"The siege of Mobile- explosion of Fort Powell, at Grant's Pass, July 5th, 1864."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Siege of Mobile

"The siege of Mobile- explosion of Fort Powell, at Grant's Pass, July 5th, 1864."— Frank Leslie,…

"The United States gunboat <em>Mohawk</em> chasing the Confederate steamer <em>Spray</em> into the St. Mark's River." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Mohawk

"The United States gunboat Mohawk chasing the Confederate steamer Spray into the St.…

"Loss of the <em>Monitor</em>- gallant attempt of the officers and crew of the United States steamer <em>Rhode Island</em>, to rescue the crew of the <em>Monitor</em>, off Cape Hatteras, at midnight, December 30th 1862. The closing day of 1862 will always be a dark one in our history, for just on the threshold of its birth the pet monster of our ironclads went down off Hatteras, with our flag flying on its tower, and in the midst of a furious storm. Its sudden and unlooked-for fate recalled to every mind that memorable Sunday in March when it signalized its advent to war by driving back to its Norfolk retreat the terrible <em>Merrimac</em>." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Monitor

"Loss of the Monitor- gallant attempt of the officers and crew of the United States steamer…

Navy soldiers on the deck of the Monitor, a warship famous for the battle with the Merrimac.

Monitor

Navy soldiers on the deck of the Monitor, a warship famous for the battle with the Merrimac.

Famous Stalemate between the Monitor and Merrimac.

Moniter and Merrimac

Famous Stalemate between the Monitor and Merrimac.

"General Morgan, born in Washington County, Pa., September 20th, 1820, died at Old Point Comfort, Va., July 26th, 1893. At the beginning of the War with Mexico he was made colonel of the Second Ohio Volunteers, and he was subsequently appointed colonel of the Fifteenth United States Infantry, which he led with ability under General Scott, receiving for his gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco, where he was severely wounded, the thanks of the Ohio Legislature and the brevet of brigadier general. On November 21st, 1861, he was made brigadier general of volunteers. In March, 1862, he assumed the command of the Seventh Division of the Army of the Ohio, with which he was ordered to occupy Cumberland Gap, in Southern Kentucky, then held by the Confederates. He forced the enemy to retire on June 18th, 1862. He also served in the Valley of the Kanawha and at Vicksburgh, and was afterward assigned to the Thirteenth Army Corps, and commanded at the capture of Fort Hindman, Ark. Owing to failing health he resigned in June, 1863."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General George W. Morgan

"General Morgan, born in Washington County, Pa., September 20th, 1820, died at Old Point Comfort, Va.,…

"General Morgan, born in Huntsville, Ala., June 1st, 1826, died near Greeneville, Tenn., September 4th, 1864. He served in the War with Mexico as first lieutenant in a cavalry regiment. At the opening of the Civil War he entered the Confederate Army as captain of the Kentucky Volunteers, and joined General Simon B. Buckner at the head of the Lexington Rifles. During the winter of 1862-'3 he commanded a cavalry force in General Braxton Bragg's army, and greatly annoyed General Rosecrans's outposts and communications. He soon began a series of raids in Kentucky, which made it necessary to garrison every important town in the State. In 1862 he was appointed major general. In 1863 he headed a bold and extensive raid into Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana, but was captured and imprisoned in the Ohio Penitentiary. He escaped by digging his way out in November, 1863, and then undertook a raid in Tennessee. While at a farmhouse near Greeneville, Tenn., he was surrounded by Federal troops under General Gillem, and in attempting to escape was killed."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General John H. Morgan

"General Morgan, born in Huntsville, Ala., June 1st, 1826, died near Greeneville, Tenn., September 4th,…

"The morning detail of the Fourth New Hampshire Volunteers going to work on the Hilton Head Fortifications. The morning detail of a regiment going to work on the fortifications was rather a merry and a peculiar sight. Instead of rifles and cannon, the heroes were armed with shovels, hoes, spades, pickaxes and trowels, while their train of artillery was a battery of wheelbarrows. Above all the troubles, ravages and cares of a campaign rose that indomitable cheerfulnes and willingness so characteristic of the American."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Morning Detail

"The morning detail of the Fourth New Hampshire Volunteers going to work on the Hilton Head Fortifications.…

"Morning mustering of the 'Contrabands' at Fortress Monroe, on their way to their day's work. As a living illustration of one of the aspects of the Civil War, a sketch is given above of the contrabands, [African Americans], going to their daily work at Fortress Monroe. The variety of the Ethiopian countenance is capitally given, and while some remind us of the merry phiz of George Christy in his sable mood, others wear the ponderous gravity of a New Jersey justice. The [African American] men had a comparatively pleasant time under their state of contraband existence."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Morning Mustering

"Morning mustering of the 'Contrabands' at Fortress Monroe, on their way to their day's work. As a living…

"Heroic conduct of Lieutenant Colonel Morrison, Seventy-Ninth New York Highlanders, on the parapet of the Tower Battery, James Island, S. C." —Leslie, 1896

Lieutenant Colonel Morrison

"Heroic conduct of Lieutenant Colonel Morrison, Seventy-Ninth New York Highlanders, on the parapet of…

"Interior of the Mortar Battery Stanton, Tybee Island, Ga., showing the operation of 13-inch mortars during the bombardment of Fort Pulaski, April 10th, 1862. The works erected were eleven batteries, with a parapet in front eight feet high, with a bomb-proof traverse between every two guns, the sides of the parapets and traverses being riveted with rods, fascines or hurdle works. The mortars fire over the parapets, and the guns through embrasures cut in the parapets. The batteries nearest to Fort Pulaski were connected with trenches to permit a safe communication between them. All the advanced batteries had splinter-proof shelters, and each one three reliefs, so that two of them were all the time under shelter. These advanced batteries had also a bomb-proof surgery, supplied with a table and all requisites for surgical operations, and each battery had also a well of water. In a word, the admirable manner in which these works were constructed and arranged stamped General Gilmore as one of the greatest engineers of the age Mortar Battery Stanton had three 13-inch mortars, each weighing 17,120 pounds, with a range of 3,476 yards."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Mortar Battery Stanton

"Interior of the Mortar Battery Stanton, Tybee Island, Ga., showing the operation of 13-inch mortars…

Mortar practice- putting in the shell.

Mortar Practice

Mortar practice- putting in the shell.

"Mortar practice- 13-inch shell mortar, as used by the Federal government- weight of mortar 17,000 pounds." —Leslie, 1896

Thirteen-inch Shell Mortar Practice

"Mortar practice- 13-inch shell mortar, as used by the Federal government- weight of mortar 17,000 pounds."…

"Mortar practice- rear view of 13-inch mortar, with its usual complement of seven gunners. The mortar is one of the most ancient forms of cannon, being used as early as 1495 by Charles VIII at the siege of Naples. In 1478 the first attempt was made to project hollow shot filled with powder; but owing to their clumsy make the accidents were so frequent as to cause their discontinuance. In 1634 a French mechanic overcame the difficulty, and mortars were revived in the French service. Our illustrations represent a 13-inch mortar, the largest in general practice, weight 17,000 pounds, exclusive of the carriage. The number of men required to work one of these guns is seven, for all of whom there is distinct and adequate occupation. Mortars are not used in hand-to-hand encounters, their value consisting in pitching shells into camps and towns, or shelling fortifications erected on elevations, against which cannons are of no avail." —Leslie, 1896

Mortar Practice - Rear View

"Mortar practice- rear view of 13-inch mortar, with its usual complement of seven gunners. The mortar…

"Siege of Charleston, S. C. Bombardment of Fort Moultrie and Batteries Bee and Beauregard by the monitors and <em>Ironsides</em>, September 7th-9th, 1863. The bombardment of Fort Moultrie and the batteries on Sullivan's Island, on the 7th and 8th of September, was of the most determined and virgorous character, the <em>Ironsides</em> devoting herself to the fort, while the monitors paid their respects to Batteries Bee and Bearegard. Our artist gives a striking sketch as viewed from a favorable point. Moultrie House is seen on the extreme right, and next to it Moultrieville on fire, the dark smoke of the burning houses contrasting with the white puffs of smoke from the cannon thundering along the whole line. Behind the <em>Irondsides</em> is Fort Moultrie; the Confederate battery to the extreme left is Battery Bee; and nearly in front of it, the second in the line of monitors, is the stanch <em>Weehawken</em>, aground. A striking feature in this picture is the effect of the ricochet shot knocking up a series of <em>jets d'eau</em>."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Fort Moultrie

"Siege of Charleston, S. C. Bombardment of Fort Moultrie and Batteries Bee and Beauregard by the monitors…

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis in front of the fortifications near Green River. Our correspondent reports of this battle: 'At five o'clock the Confederates were seen forming in front of our rifle pits, and soon, from the cover of the woods and abatis, began the engagement by a rapid fire of musketry. It was plainly seen that a disposition of our men was being made by Colonel Wilder to repel the attack anticipated on the left, and, thinking it a favorable hour, the Confederate force made a desperate assault on our right. This was made by a Mississippi and a Georgia regiment. The assault was led by the colonel of the Mississippi regiment, and he died for his daring. The major of the same regiment was wounded and taken prisoner. The newly formed Confederate right marched from the woods in splendid order, with ranks apparently full. When they appeared over the brow of the hill it was at a double-quick; all pushed on with desperate courage, to meet resistance not the less desperate. With grape from the artillery and a shower of balls from the musketry they were met and moved down; but they never faltered; and it was only when they sprang on the breastworks and were met with the bayonet that they fell back, leaving the field strewn with their dead and dying. After a momentary struggle on the breastworks the whole Confederate force broke into disorder and fled from the field.'" —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Munfordville

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis…

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis in front of the fortifications near Green River. Our correspondent reports of this battle: 'At five o'clock the Confederates were seen forming in front of our rifle pits, and soon, from the cover of the woods and abatis, began the engagement by a rapid fire of musketry. It was plainly seen that a disposition of our men was being made by Colonel Wilder to repel the attack anticipated on the left, and, thinking it a favorable hour, the Confederate force made a desperate assault on our right. This was made by a Mississippi and a Georgia regiment. The assault was led by the colonel of the Mississippi regiment, and he died for his daring. The major of the same regiment was wounded and taken prisoner. The newly formed Confederate right marched from the woods in splendid order, with ranks apparently full. When they appeared over the brow of the hill it was at a double-quick; all pushed on with desperate courage, to meet resistance not the less desperate. With grape from the artillery and a shower of balls from the musketry they were met and moved down; but they never faltered; and it was only when they sprang on the breastworks and were met with the bayonet that they fell back, leaving the field strewn with their dead and dying. After a momentary struggle on the breastworks the whole Confederate force broke into disorder and fled from the field.'" —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Munfordville

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis…

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis in front of the fortifications near Green River. Our correspondent reports of this battle: 'At five o'clock the Confederates were seen forming in front of our rifle pits, and soon, from the cover of the woods and abatis, began the engagement by a rapid fire of musketry. It was plainly seen that a disposition of our men was being made by Colonel Wilder to repel the attack anticipated on the left, and, thinking it a favorable hour, the Confederate force made a desperate assault on our right. This was made by a Mississippi and a Georgia regiment. The assault was led by the colonel of the Mississippi regiment, and he died for his daring. The major of the same regiment was wounded and taken prisoner. The newly formed Confederate right marched from the woods in splendid order, with ranks apparently full. When they appeared over the brow of the hill it was at a double-quick; all pushed on with desperate courage, to meet resistance not the less desperate. With grape from the artillery and a shower of balls from the musketry they were met and moved down; but they never faltered; and it was only when they sprang on the breastworks and were met with the bayonet that they fell back, leaving the field strewn with their dead and dying. After a momentary struggle on the breastworks the whole Confederate force broke into disorder and fled from the field.'" —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Munfordville

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis…

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis in front of the fortifications near Green River. Our correspondent reports of this battle: 'At five o'clock the Confederates were seen forming in front of our rifle pits, and soon, from the cover of the woods and abatis, began the engagement by a rapid fire of musketry. It was plainly seen that a disposition of our men was being made by Colonel Wilder to repel the attack anticipated on the left, and, thinking it a favorable hour, the Confederate force made a desperate assault on our right. This was made by a Mississippi and a Georgia regiment. The assault was led by the colonel of the Mississippi regiment, and he died for his daring. The major of the same regiment was wounded and taken prisoner. The newly formed Confederate right marched from the woods in splendid order, with ranks apparently full. When they appeared over the brow of the hill it was at a double-quick; all pushed on with desperate courage, to meet resistance not the less desperate. With grape from the artillery and a shower of balls from the musketry they were met and moved down; but they never faltered; and it was only when they sprang on the breastworks and were met with the bayonet that they fell back, leaving the field strewn with their dead and dying. After a momentary struggle on the breastworks the whole Confederate force broke into disorder and fled from the field.'" —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Munfordville

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis…

"Skirmishing between the pickets of the two armies near Munson's Hill- the hill in the distance. Munson's Hill is about five miles from the Chain Bridge, on the northern side of the Leesburg Turnpike, about one mile from Bailey's Crossroads, where our pickets were stationed, and about three miles this side of Falls Church, which was in full possession of the enemy. In this neighborhood they had strong pickets, which frequently came into collision with those sent out upon the Federal side from Ball's Roads." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Munson's Hill

"Skirmishing between the pickets of the two armies near Munson's Hill- the hill in the distance. Munson's…

"General Myer, Chief Signal Officer, born in Newburgh, N. Y., September 20th, 1827; died in Buffalo, N. Y., August 24th, 1880."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

General Albert J. Myer

"General Myer, Chief Signal Officer, born in Newburgh, N. Y., September 20th, 1827; died in Buffalo,…

"Destruction of the famous Confederate privateer <em>Nashville</em>, in the Ogeechee River, Ga., by the Federal ironclad <em>Montauk</em>, Captain Worden, February 28th, 1863. Captain Worden's report: 'The enemy's steamer <em>Nashville</em> was observed by me in motion above the battery known as for McAllister. A reconnoissance immediately made proved that in moving up the river she had grounded in that part known as Seven' Miles Reach. Believing that I could, by approaching close to the battery, reach and destroy her, I moved up at daylight this morning, accompanied by the blockading fleet in these waters. By moving up close to the obstructions I was enabled, although under a very heavy fire from the battery, to appraoch the <em>Nashville</em> still aground, within the distance of twelve hundred yards. A few well-directed shells determined the range, and I soon succeeded in striking her with 11-inch and 15-inch shells. The other gunboats maintained a fire from an enfilading position upon the battery and the <em>Nashville</em> at long range. I soon had the satisfaction of observing that the <em>Nashville</em> had caught fire from the shells xploding in her in several places, and in less than twenty minutes she was caught in flames forward, aft and amidships. At 9:20 A. M. a large pivot gun mounted abaft her foremast exploded from the heat; at 9:40 her smoke chimney went by the board, and at 9:55 her magazine exploded with terrific violence, shattering her in smoking ruins. nothing remains of her. The battery kept up a continuous fire upon this vessel, striking her but five times, and doing no damage whatever.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Destruction of Nashville

"Destruction of the famous Confederate privateer Nashville, in the Ogeechee River, Ga., by…

Battle at Nashville between Union and Confederate forces.

Siege of Nashville

Battle at Nashville between Union and Confederate forces.

"Naval action between the United States war steamer <em>Mississippi</em> and the Confederate iron-cased floating battery ram and other steamers, off the mouth of the Pass A L'outre, New Orleans, January 1st, 1862."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Naval Battle

"Naval action between the United States war steamer Mississippi and the Confederate iron-cased…

First day's bombardment, Federal Schooners off Forts Jackson and St. Philip, commanding the passage of the river. The Federal offensive force consisted of six sloops of war, sixteen gunboats and twenty-one mortar vessels. These were accompanied by a large number of storeships, tenders, etc. On the 18th of April, they anchored three miles below Forts Jackson and St. Philip, and prepared for active operations. Captain Porter, commanding the mortar flotilla, wishing to ascertain their range before his actual attack, stationed the <em>Arietta, John Griffiths<em> and <em>Orvetta<em> about two and a half miles from the forts. The <em>Arietta<em> fired the first shot, to which Fort Jackson replied. The Confederate shots fell short more than fifty yards every time, while the effect of our shells on the fort was such that after two explosions the enemy retired from their barbette guns, and afterward only used those in the casemates.

The Great Naval Battle on the Mississippi

First day's bombardment, Federal Schooners off Forts Jackson and St. Philip, commanding the passage…

"Naval hospital and battery at Portsmouth, VA." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Naval Hospital

"Naval hospital and battery at Portsmouth, VA." — Frank Leslie, 1896

"Naval Practice Battery, navy yard, Washington, D. C. We present to our readers a sketch of what was called the Naval Practice Battery, where our young gunners rehearsed before they got into the terrible ordeal of battle. Simple as the loading and firing of a gun may sound, it is an operation which tries the nerves, and requires the utmost nicety of adjustment. It is really and truly as much an act of science, if properly done, as the most delicate surgical operation."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Naval Practice

"Naval Practice Battery, navy yard, Washington, D. C. We present to our readers a sketch of what was…

Landing at the Battle of New Bern, also known as the Battle of New Berne or Battle of Newbern which was fought on March 14, 1862 near the city of New Bern, North Carolina. This battle was part of the Burnside Expedition of the Civil War.

Battle of New Bern

Landing at the Battle of New Bern, also known as the Battle of New Berne or Battle of Newbern which…

"The battle of Newberne- final and successful charge of the Federal troops under General Burnside, on the Confederate fortifications, their capture, and utter rout of the Confederate army, March 14th, 1862. Great courage, steadiness and military capacity was shown by the men who fought under Burnside in the attack on Newberne. Landing under the greatest disadvantages, in fog and rain, which deprived them of anticipated naval assistance, and after a night of greatest exposure and a weary march they were called on to encounter a superior force, strongly posted in an advantageous position, behind works equally extensive and formidable. They, nevertheless, although but imperfectly supported by artillery, carried every Confederate position, swept the enemy before them with the bayonet, captured every fortification, defended by an aggregate of the sixty-four guns, and swooped down irresistibly on the city of Newberne, the object of their assault."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of New Berne

"The battle of Newberne- final and successful charge of the Federal troops under General Burnside, on…

"Battle of New Berne- Lieutenant Hammond capturing Colonel Avery, of South Carolina, while he was endeavoring to rally the flying Confederates. Our illustration represents the moment when Lieutenant Hammond, of the gunboat <em>Hetzel</em>, who served one of the guns of McCook's naval battery at the battle of New Berne, hearing that a Confederate colonel was, flag in hand, endeavoring to rally a South Carolina regiment, resolved to capture him. Riding up to the Confederate, the gallant Hammond, pointing his pistol at his head, demanded his surrender. A glance at the flying Confederates convinced the colonel that the day was lost, and he gave up his sword to the lieutenant. Two flags were also taken- one made of blue and white silk, elegantly fringed, with this inscription, 'Then conquer we must, for our cause is just,' with 'Victory or death.' The name of the Confederate officer taken was Colonel Avery; three hundred of his regiment were also captured at the same time."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of New Berne

"Battle of New Berne- Lieutenant Hammond capturing Colonel Avery, of South Carolina, while he was endeavoring…

"Federal troops marching through Second Street, New Fernandina, Fla. Our sketch of New Fernandina in 1862 shows the principal business street in the city, called Second Street. There seemed to be quite a joke in numbering streets where there were not half a dozen in the place; but the spirit of imitation was strong, and as Philadelphia and New York, with their thousands of blocks, are simplified and rendered more easily fundable by the aid of arithmetic, so must be the villages of the South." —Leslie, 1896

New Fernandina

"Federal troops marching through Second Street, New Fernandina, Fla. Our sketch of New Fernandina in…