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Inner surface of right temporal bone at birth. am squamozygomatic; b, petrosquamosal suture and foramen (just above the end of the lead line; c, subarcuate fossa; d, aquaedutcus vestibuli; e, aquaeductus cochlea; f, internal auditory meatus; g, upper end of carotid canal.

Temporal Bone at Birth

Inner surface of right temporal bone at birth. am squamozygomatic; b, petrosquamosal suture and foramen…

Shown is norma lateralis, which refers to the side of the skull. Labels: 1, mental foramen; 2, body of lower jaw; 3, superior maxillary; 4, ramus of lower jaw; 5, zygomatic arch; 6, styloid process; 7, external auditory meatus; 8, mastoid process; 9, asterion; 10, superior curved line of occipital bone; 11, external occipital protuberance; 12, lambdoid suture; 13, occipital bone; 14, lambda; 15, obelion placed between the two parietal foramina; 16, parietal bone; 17, lower temporal ridge; 18, upper temporal ridge; 19, squamous part of temporal bone; 20, bregma; 21, coronal suture; 22, stephanion; 23, frontal bone; 24, pterion; 25, temporal fossa; 26, great wing of sphenoid; 27, malar bone; 28, malar canal; 29, lachrymal bone; 30, nasal bone; 31, infraorbital canal; 32, anterior nasal aperture.

Side of the Skull

Shown is norma lateralis, which refers to the side of the skull. Labels: 1, mental foramen; 2, body…

Shown is norma basalis, which refers to the base of the cranium. Labels: 1, external occipital crest; 2, superior curved line of the occipital bone; 3, foramen magnum; 4, occipital condyle; 5, digastric groove; 6, mastoid process; 7, external auditory meatus; 8, styloid process; 9, glenoid fossa; 10, foramen spinosum; 11, sphenoidal spine; 12, foramen ovale; 13, external pterygoid plate; 14, hamular process of internal pterygoid plate; 15, nasal septum; 16, posterior nasal spine; 17, horizontal plate of palate bone; 18, palatal process of superior maxilla; 19, anterior palatine canal; 20, intermaxillary suture; 21, posterior palatine canal; 22, malar process of superior maxilla; 23, spheno-maxillary fissure; 24, zygomatic fossa; 25, zygomatic arch; 26, posterior openings of left nasal fossa; 27, pterygoid fossa; 28, scaphoid fossa; 29, foramen lacerum medium; 30, opening of osseous Eustachian canal; 31, carotid canal; 32, jugular fossa; 33, stylo-mastoid foramen; 34, jugular process of the occipital bone; 35, groove for occipital artery; 36, mastoid foramen; 37, posterior condylic foramen; 38, inferior curved line of occipital bone; 39, external occipital protuberance.

Base of the Skull

Shown is norma basalis, which refers to the base of the cranium. Labels: 1, external occipital crest;…

Shown is the base of the skull seen from above. Labels: 1, frontal bone; 2, slit for nasal nerve; 3, anterior ethmoidal foramen; 4, posterior ethmoidal foramen; 5, optic foramen; 6, foramen for internal carotid artery formed by anterior and middle clinoid processes; 7, lesser wing of sphenoid; 8, anterior clinoid process, in this case united on its inner side to the middle clinoid process; 9, posterior clinoid process; 10, foramen ovale; 11, groove for middle meningeal artery; 12, foramen spinosum; 13, Hiatus Fallopii; 14, line of petro-squamosal suture; 15, internal auditory meatus; 16, groove for superior petrosal sinus; 17, groove for sigmoid part of lateral sinus; 18, jugular foramen; 19, anterior condylic foramen; 20, groove for lateral sinus; 21, internal occipital protuberance; 22, ridge for attachment of falx cerebri; 23, fossa for the lodgment of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum; 24, ridge for attachment of the falx cerebelli; 25, fossa for the lodgment of the left cerebellar hemisphere; 26, foramen magnum; 27, groove for the sigmoid sinus turning into the jugular foramen; 28, groove for the inferior petrosal sinus running along the line of the suture between the petrous temporal and the basioccipital; 29, depression for the Gasserian ganglion; 30, middle cranial fossa for lodgment of temporal lobe of cerebrum; 31, foramen lacerum medium; 32, carotid groove; 33, dorsum sellae of sphenoid; 34, leads into foramen rotundum; 35, pituitary fossa; 36, olivary eminence of sphenoid; 37, anterior cranial fossa for lodgment of frontal lobes of cerebrum; 38, cribriform plate of ethmoid; 39, crista galli of ethmoid; 40, foramen caecum; 41, crest for attachment of falx cerebri.

Base of the Skull Seen From Above

Shown is the base of the skull seen from above. Labels: 1, frontal bone; 2, slit for nasal nerve; 3,…

An illustration of clothes hanging on a clothes line with shoe sand gloves resting beneath.

Hanging Clothes

An illustration of clothes hanging on a clothes line with shoe sand gloves resting beneath.

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born in 1367, during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. Richard became second in line to the throne when his older brother Edward of Angoulême died, and heir apparent when his father died in 1376. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.

Richard II

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was…

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born in 1367, during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. Richard became second in line to the throne when his older brother Edward of Angoulême died, and heir apparent when his father died in 1376. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.

Richard II of England

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was…

Henry V (16 September 1386 – 31 August 1422) was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century. He was born at Monmouth, Wales, in the tower above the gatehouse of Monmouth Castle, and reigned as King of England from 1413 to 1422. Henry was the son of Henry of Bolingbroke, later Henry IV, and sixteen-year-old Mary de Bohun, who was to die in childbirth at 26, before Bolingbroke became king. At the time of his birth during the reign of Richard II, Henry was fairly far removed from the throne, preceded by the king and another collateral line of heirs. The precise date and even year of his birth are therefore not definitely recorded; sources offer as the most likely either 9 August or 16 September, in 1386 or 1387. By the time Henry died, he had not only consolidated power as the King of England but had also effectively accomplished what generations of his ancestors had failed to achieve through decades of war: unification of the crowns of England and France in a single person. In 2002, he was ranked 72nd in the 100 Greatest Britons

Henry V of England

Henry V (16 September 1386 – 31 August 1422) was one of the most significant English warrior kings…

Illustration showing a parabola as a curve formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane parallel to a straight line of the surface of the cone.

Parabola

Illustration showing a parabola as a curve formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with…

Illustration showing an ellipse formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane neither parallel nor perpendicular to a straight line of the surface of the cone nor the axis.

Ellipse

Illustration showing an ellipse formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane neither…

Illustration showing a cycloid curve. "The curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the circle is rolled along a straight line and always in the same plane."

Cycloid

Illustration showing a cycloid curve. "The curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when…

Illustration showing cycloid curves. "The curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the circle is rolled along a straight line and always in the same plane."

Cycloids

Illustration showing cycloid curves. "The curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the…

Illustration showing a cycloid curve. "The curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the circle is rolled along a straight line and always in the same plane."

Cycloid

Illustration showing a cycloid curve. "The curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when…

An illustration of a row of houses.

Houses

An illustration of a row of houses.

An illustration of an iron derrick, a lifting device composed of one mast or pole which is hinged freely at the bottom. It is controlled by lines (usually four of them) powered by some means such as man-hauling or motors, so that the pole can move in all four directions. A line runs up it and over its top with a hook on the end, like with a crane. It is commonly used in docks and onboard ships. Some large derricks are mounted on dedicated vessels, and are often known as "floating derricks".

Derrick

An illustration of an iron derrick, a lifting device composed of one mast or pole which is hinged freely…

A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and group piety. Puritans felt that the English Reformation had not gone far enough, and that the Church of England was tolerant of practices which they associated with the Church of Rome. The word "Puritan" was originally an alternate term for "Cathar" and was a pejorative used to characterize them as extremists similar to the Cathari of France. The Puritans sometimes cooperated with presbyterians, who put forth a number of proposals for "further reformation" in order to keep the Church of England more closely in line with the Reformed Churches on the Continent.

Puritan Costumes

A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating…

Mordecai Gist (1743-1792) was a general who commanded the Maryland Line in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

Mordecai Gist

Mordecai Gist (1743-1792) was a general who commanded the Maryland Line in the Continental Army during…

An illustration of a woman hanging clothes on an clothes line located outdoors.

Hanging Laundry

An illustration of a woman hanging clothes on an clothes line located outdoors.

The skyline of the battle field with military important features labeled.

Military Landscape

The skyline of the battle field with military important features labeled.

In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level. A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines.

Glacier Contours

In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height)…

In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level. A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines.

Glacier Form Lines

In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height)…

In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level. A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines.

Contour System

In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height)…

The typical representation of shore lines and low-water lines with tidal flats of any kind on a topographical map.

Tidal Flats of any Kind

The typical representation of shore lines and low-water lines with tidal flats of any kind on a topographical…

An illustration of a horse-drawn street car. The first passenger services in the world were started by the Oystermouth Railway in Wales, using specially designed carriages on an existing tram line built for horse-drawn freight dandies. Fare-paying passengers were carried on a line between Oystermouth, Mumbles and Swansea docks from 1807. Other forms of public transit developed out of the early omnibus that first ran on public streets in the 1820s. These were local versions of the stagecoach lines, and picked up and dropped off passengers on a regular route, without the need to be pre-hired. Horsecars on tram lines were an improvement over the omnibus as the low rolling resistance of metal wheels on iron or steel rails, (usually grooved from 1852 on), allowed the animals to haul a greater load for a given effort than the omnibus. The horse-drawn streetcar combined the low cost, flexibility, and safety of animal power with the efficiency, smoothness, and all-weather capability of a rail right-of-way.

Street Car

An illustration of a horse-drawn street car. The first passenger services in the world were started…

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with rocky ledges on a topographical map.

Rocky Ledges

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with rocky ledges on a topographical map.

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with sand on a topographical map.

Sand

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with sand on a topographical map.

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with gravel and rocks on a topographical map.

Gravel and Rocks

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with gravel and rocks on a topographical map.

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with mud on a topographical map.

Mud

The typical representation of shores and low-water lines with mud on a topographical map.

"Transportation in a large city, showing elevated road, surface line, and subway." -Gordy, 1916

City Transportation

"Transportation in a large city, showing elevated road, surface line, and subway." -Gordy, 1916

It has a large flat blade with a straight edge. At the back is a peen or hammer head, and in the middle is a socket for the handle or helve, the blade and helve being in one line.

Lather's Hatchet

It has a large flat blade with a straight edge. At the back is a peen or hammer head, and in the middle…

The trachea and bronchi. The thyroid body is indicated by a dotted line.

Trachea and Bronchi

The trachea and bronchi. The thyroid body is indicated by a dotted line.

The upper illustrations show conical and fungiform papillae, the lower a circumvallate papilla. Labels: C, corium; E, epithelium of the mucous membrane. The wavy dark line represents arteries.

Papillae of the Tongue

The upper illustrations show conical and fungiform papillae, the lower a circumvallate papilla. Labels:…

The iliac and pelvic colons, from a formalin-hardened male body, aged 30. The pelvic colon was usually long; its course is shown, as well as that of the beginning of the rectum, by dotted lines. It first ran across the upper surface of the bladder to the right pelvic wall, then recrossed the pelvis in a line posterior to is first crossing; finally it returned towards the middle line, and passed into the rectum. As a rule, after crossing to the right side of the pelvis, the pelvic colon turns backwards and inwards to reach the middle line, where it passes into the rectum.

Iliac and Pelvic Colons

The iliac and pelvic colons, from a formalin-hardened male body, aged 30. The pelvic colon was usually…

Diagram to illustrate the development of the great omentum. A, shows the beginning of the great omentum and its independence of the transverse mesocolon; in B, the two come in contact; and in C, they have fused along the line of contact. Labels: A, stomach; B, transverse colon; C, small intestine; D, duodenum; E, pancreas; F, great omentum; G, placed in great sac; H, in small sac of peritoneum.

Development of the Great Omentum

Diagram to illustrate the development of the great omentum. A, shows the beginning of the great omentum…

The Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus, is a small American songbird, 13-14 cm in length. It is somewhat warbler-like but not closely related to the New World warblers. Adults are mainly olive-green on the upperparts with white underparts; they have a red iris and a grey crown edged with black. There is a dark blackish line through the eyes and a wide white stripe just above that line. They have thick blue-grey legs and a stout bill. They are yellowish on the flanks and under their tail. This bird, not always seen, may sing for long periods of time; it appears to be endlessly repeating the same question and answer. It holds the record for most songs given in a single day among bird species

Red-eyed Vireo

The Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus, is a small American songbird, 13-14 cm in length. It is somewhat…

The White-throated Sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis, is a passerine bird of the American sparrow family Emberizidae. The White-throated Sparrow is 17 cm (6.75 inches) in length with a wingspan of 23 cm (9 inches) Typical weight is 26 grams (0.91 oz). There are two adult plumage variations known as the tan-striped and white-striped forms. On the white-striped form the crown is black with a white central stripe. The supercilium is white as well. The auriculars are gray with the upper edge forming a black eye line.

White-throated Sparrow

The White-throated Sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis, is a passerine bird of the American sparrow family…

The Swamp Sparrow, Melospiza georgiana, is a medium-sized sparrow. Adults have streaked rusty and black upperparts with a grey breast, light belly and a white throat. They have a rust-coloured cap and wings. Their face is grey with a dark line through the eye. They have a short bill and fairly long legs. Their breeding habitat is marshes, including salt marshes, across eastern North America and central Canada. The bulky nest is attached to marsh vegetation, often with leaves arching over the top. On the central Atlantic coast, in the southern parts of their summer range, they are permanent residents. Other birds migrate to the southern United States.

Swamp Sparrow

The Swamp Sparrow, Melospiza georgiana, is a medium-sized sparrow. Adults have streaked rusty and black…

"Nodal Cubic, with four primary lines and their satellite. In the diagram, ABC is the satellite line. From its intersections with the cubic curve tangents are drawn to the latter, AD, AE, BF, BG, CH, CI. The points of tangency lie three by three on four primary lines, FDH, DGI, EGH, FEI." -Whitney, 1911

Satellite

"Nodal Cubic, with four primary lines and their satellite. In the diagram, ABC is the satellite line.…

During the siege, Union gunboats lobbed over 22,000 shells into the town and army artillery fire was even heavier. As the barrages continued, suitable housing in Vicksburg was reduced to a minimum. A ridge, located between the main town and the rebel defense line, provided a diverse citizenry with lodging for the duration. Over 500 caves were dug into the yellow clay hills of Vicksburg. Whether houses were structurally sound or not, it was deemed safer to occupy these dugouts.

Cave Life in Vicksburg

During the siege, Union gunboats lobbed over 22,000 shells into the town and army artillery fire was…

The Maria Pia bridge (Ponte Maria Pia) is a railway bridge built in 1877 by Gustave Eiffel in Porto, Portugal. Built of wrought iron, its two-hinged crescent arch carries the railway line to Lisbon for 353m across the River Douro at a height of 60m. Eiffel's design was the least expensive of eight entries into an 1875 competition, being 31% less than the next lowest priced. The bridge was built to avoid a 12 km detour, and started on 5 January 1876 and completed on 4 November 1877. At that time its span of 160m was the longest arch bridge in the world, the previous record holder, at 156m, being the Eads Bridge over the Mississippi at St Louis. The bridge was opened by the king of Portugal and named after his queen Maria Pia.

Maria Pia Bridge

The Maria Pia bridge (Ponte Maria Pia) is a railway bridge built in 1877 by Gustave Eiffel in Porto,…

Centipedes are arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda and the Subphylum Myriapoda. They are elongated metameric animals with one pair of legs per body segment. A key trait uniting this group is a pair of venom claws or forcipules formed from a modified first appendage. This also means that centipedes are an exclusively predatory taxon, which is uncommon.

Centipede

Centipedes are arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda and the Subphylum Myriapoda. They are elongated…

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. Coca should not be confused with the similarly named South American cocoa bean from which chocolate is made. The plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of 2–3 m (7–10 ft). The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the under face of the leaf. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries.

Coca Flower

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays…

"Scale-insect. Oyster-shell bark-louse of the apple (Mytilaspis pomorum); male. a, ventral view with wings closed; b, dorsal view with wings expanded; c, scale (line shows natural size); d, leg; f, antennal joint." -Whitney, 1911

Scale Insect

"Scale-insect. Oyster-shell bark-louse of the apple (Mytilaspis pomorum); male. a, ventral view with…

Diagrammatic transverse section from the skeleton of a mammalian thorax, showing the chief features of a perfect vertebral segment. 1, neural spine; 2, lamina (neurapophysis); 3, [edicle; 4, neural arch; 5, centrum; 6, inferior spine (hypapophysis); 7, haemal arch; 8, rib (pleurapophysis); 9, costal cartilage (haemapophysis); 10, sternebra; 11, haemal spine.

Diagram of Mammilian Thorax

Diagrammatic transverse section from the skeleton of a mammalian thorax, showing the chief features…

"Diagram of structure of Scopionidae (most of the appendages removed). IV. to XX., fourth to twentieth somite; IV., basis of the pedipalpi or great claws; V., VI., of two succeeding cephalic segments; T, telson of sting; a, mouth; b, alimentary canal; c, anus; d, heart; e, a pulmonary sac; f, line of ventral ganglionated cord; g, cerebroganglia." -Whitney, 1911

Scorpion Diagram

"Diagram of structure of Scopionidae (most of the appendages removed). IV. to XX., fourth to twentieth…

Fort Wayne was established 1839 in Indian Territory by Lt. Col. R.B. Mason of the 1st Dragoons. Named for Gen. "Mad" Anthony Wayne, it was intended as a link in the great line of forts protecting the American West. The army abandoned the fort in 1842 and turned it over to the Cherokee Nation. At the beginning of the Civil War, Stand Watie took over the fort and organized the Cherokee Mounted Rifles. The Union met the Confederates here in 1862 for the Battle of Old Fort Wayne.

Fort Wayne

Fort Wayne was established 1839 in Indian Territory by Lt. Col. R.B. Mason of the 1st Dragoons. Named…

Inferior aspect of horse's skull, the mandible being removed. Above the line A is the posterior region or base between A and B the middle, and below B the anterior or nasal region. Labels: a, occipital condyle; B, foramen magnum; c, styloid process; d, temporal articular surface; e, basioccipital bone; f, basispenoid bone; i, temporal articular surface; k, condyloid foramen; k', condyloid notch; l, foramen lacerum basis cranii; m, pterygoid foramen; n, palatine suture; o, palatine foramen; p, molar teeth; q, incisive opening; r, foramen incisivum.

Inferior Aspect of Horse Skull

Inferior aspect of horse's skull, the mandible being removed. Above the line A is the posterior region…

Robert Livingston Stevens applied the wave line, concave waterlines on a steamboat hull, in 1808.

Stevens's Ironclad Floating Battery

Robert Livingston Stevens applied the wave line, concave waterlines on a steamboat hull, in 1808.

An illustration of an Egyptian hieroglyphic panel with a cartouche. In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche is an oblong enclosure with a horizontal line at one end, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name, coming into use during the beginning of the Fourth Dynasty under Pharaoh Sneferu.

Hieroglyphic Panel

An illustration of an Egyptian hieroglyphic panel with a cartouche. In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche…

A: Penetrations by small semi-circular vaults sprung from same level. B: Intersection by small semicircular vault sprung from higher level; groins form wavy line. C: Intersection by narrow pointed vault sprung from same level; groins are plane curves.

Vaults, Penetrations and Intersections

A: Penetrations by small semi-circular vaults sprung from same level. B: Intersection by small semicircular…

"Turk's Head -- With fine line (very dry) make a clove hitch round the rope; cross the bights twice, passing an end the reverse way (up or down) each time; then keeping the whole spread flat, let each end follow it own part round and round till it is too tight to received any more." -Britannica, 1910

Turk's Head

"Turk's Head -- With fine line (very dry) make a clove hitch round the rope; cross the bights twice,…

In the common vertical dial, the shadow-receiving plane is aligned vertically; as usual, the gnomon's style is aligned with the Earth's axis of rotation. As in the horizontal dial, the line of shadow does not move uniformly on the face; the sundial is not equiangular.

Vertical South Dial

In the common vertical dial, the shadow-receiving plane is aligned vertically; as usual, the gnomon's…

A front view of a diving helmet. A, Helmet; B, Breastplate; F, Emergency cock; G, Glasses in frame; H, Metal screws and bands; I, Metal tabs; J, Hooks for keeping weight ropes into position; and L, Eyes to which air pipe and life line are secured.

Diving Helmet (Front)

A front view of a diving helmet. A, Helmet; B, Breastplate; F, Emergency cock; G, Glasses in frame;…

Top view of diving helmet. C, Air inlet valve; E, Regulating outlet valve; G, Glasses in frames; L, Eyes to which air pipe and life line are secured; and P, Connection for telephone cable.

Diving Helmet (Top)

Top view of diving helmet. C, Air inlet valve; E, Regulating outlet valve; G, Glasses in frames; L,…

"A semicylindrical piece of wood, fitted with a handle...used for convenience in serving ropes...to prevent chafing. a, serving-mallet; b, 'wormed' rope 'parceled' with canvas; c, serving-yarn." -Whitney, 1911

Serving Mallet

"A semicylindrical piece of wood, fitted with a handle...used for convenience in serving ropes...to…

A man on a ship "paying out" the cable.

"Paying Out" the Cable

A man on a ship "paying out" the cable.

Internal aspect of a horse stomach, opened from below. Labels: a, cuticular mucous membrane; b, villous mucous membrane; c, line of demarcation between the two portions; d, cardiac orifice; e, pyloric orifice and valve.

Horse Stomach

Internal aspect of a horse stomach, opened from below. Labels: a, cuticular mucous membrane; b, villous…

Illustration of a female green spoonworm. A, Proboscis cut short; B, bristle passing though the mouth into the pharynx; C, coiled intestine; D, anal tufts or vesicles; E, ventral nerve cord; F, ovary borne on ventral vessel running parallel with e; G, position of anus; H,, position of external opening of; I, nephridium --- the line points towards, but does not reach, the internal opening.

Bonellia Viridis (Female)

Illustration of a female green spoonworm. A, Proboscis cut short; B, bristle passing though the mouth…

"The principle of proving a mineral field by boring is illustrated in [the illustration], which represents a line direct from the dip to the rise of the field, the inclination of the strata being one in eight." -Britannica, 1910

Proving Mineral Field

"The principle of proving a mineral field by boring is illustrated in [the illustration], which represents…

An illustration of a clean-cut fault.

Clean-cut Fault

An illustration of a clean-cut fault.