ClipArt ETC
The respiratory apparatus of other mammals is similar to humans in both structure and function. The lungs fill the cavity of the chest, and have the same general composition of lobes, lobules and air-cells. Labels: 1, Trachea. 2, Lungs. 3, Heart. 4, Diaphragm. 5, Liver. 6, Stomach. 7, Esophagus. 8, Kidney. 9, Intestines. 10, Bladder. 11, Cerebrum. 12, Cerebellum. 13, Medulla spinalis. 14, Vertebrae.

The Respiratory System of a Small Mammal

The respiratory apparatus of other mammals is similar to humans in both structure and function. The…

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1, Right and left auricle. 2, Right and left ventricle. 3, 4, The pericardium. 5, 6, Large blood vessels (arteries).

A Diagram of the Heart

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1, Right and left auricle. 2, Right and left ventricle. 3, 4, The pericardium.…

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1, Right auricle. 2, Right ventricle. 9, Left auricle. 10, Left ventricle. 17, Tricuspid valves. 19, Mitral valves.

A Diagram of the Heart

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1, Right auricle. 2, Right ventricle. 9, Left auricle. 10, Left ventricle.…

The human circulatory organs.

The Circulatory Organs

The human circulatory organs.

The pulmonary artery. Labels: t, The trachea. h, The heart. a, The aorta. p, The pulmonary artery. 1, The branch of pulmonary artery that divides in the left lung. 2, The branch that divides in the right lung.

The Pulmonary Artery

The pulmonary artery. Labels: t, The trachea. h, The heart. a, The aorta. p, The pulmonary artery. 1,…

A portion of the pulmonic circulation. 1, A branch of the artery that carries the impure blood to the lungs. 3, Capillary vessels. 2, A vein through which red blood is returned to the left side of the heart.

A Portion of the Pulmonic Circulation

A portion of the pulmonic circulation. 1, A branch of the artery that carries the impure blood to the…

A portion of the systemic circulation. 1, A branch of the aorta. This terminates in the capillaries (2, 3). 2, A vein through which the impure blood is carried to the right side of the heart.

A Portion of the Systemic Circulation

A portion of the systemic circulation. 1, A branch of the aorta. This terminates in the capillaries…

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1. Left auricle. 2, Right auricle. 3, Left ventricle. 4, Right ventricle. 5, Right and left pulmonary veins. 6, Trachea.

The Heart

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1. Left auricle. 2, Right auricle. 3, Left ventricle. 4, Right ventricle.…

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1. Right auricle. 2, Left auricle. 3, Right ventricle. 4, Left ventricle. 5, Right and left pulmonary veins. 6, Trachea.

The Heart

A diagram of the heart. Labels: 1. Right auricle. 2, Left auricle. 3, Right ventricle. 4, Left ventricle.…

A diagram of the heart of a reptile. Labels: 1, Pericardium. 2, Single ventricle. 3, Left auricle. 4, Right auricle. The arrows show the direction of the blood flow.

A Diagram of the Heart of a Reptile

A diagram of the heart of a reptile. Labels: 1, Pericardium. 2, Single ventricle. 3, Left auricle. 4,…

A diagram of the heart of a fish. Labels: 1, Pericardium. 2, The ventricle that receives the blood from the body. 3, The ventricle that sends the blood to the gills.

A Diagram of the Heart of a Fish

A diagram of the heart of a fish. Labels: 1, Pericardium. 2, The ventricle that receives the blood from…

In the class of Crustacea there is a single ventricle, which receives the blood from the gills and propels it to other parts of the body. Shown is the heart and arteries of a lobster. Labels: 1, The heart. 2, The abdominal artery. 5, Venous sinuses. 6, The branchia from which the blood returns to the hear.

The Heart and Arteries of a Lobster

In the class of Crustacea there is a single ventricle, which receives the blood from the gills and propels…

Insects have neither arteries nor veins. The circulation, such as it is, is animated by the action of a vessel called dorsal, which is situated above the digestive tube. Labels: 1, Dorsal vessels in which the blood flows. 2,The lateral currents. The arrows show the outward and the inward current.

Diagram of the Circulation of an Insect.

Insects have neither arteries nor veins. The circulation, such as it is, is animated by the action of…

In high orders of Mollusca the circulation resembles that of fish. Shown is the heart and arteries of a snail. Labels: 2, The stomach. 3, Intestines. 5, Heart. 6, Aorta. 7, Pulmonary artery.

The Heart and Arteries of a Snail

In high orders of Mollusca the circulation resembles that of fish. Shown is the heart and arteries of…

A diagram of the circulation of a frog. Labels: 1, The pericardium. 2, The single ventricle. 3, The right auricle. 4, The left auricle. The arrows indicate the direction of the blood.

Circulation of a Frog

A diagram of the circulation of a frog. Labels: 1, The pericardium. 2, The single ventricle. 3, The…

A diagram of the circulation of a fish. Labels: 1, The pericardium. 2, The single auricle. 3, The single ventricle. 4, The vessel that conveys the blood from the ventricle to the gills. 5, The vessel that conveys the blood from the body to the heart. The arrows show the direction of the blood.

Circulation of a Fish

A diagram of the circulation of a fish. Labels: 1, The pericardium. 2, The single auricle. 3, The single…

The circulatory organs. Labels: 1, The left auricle. 2, The right auricle. 3, The left ventricle. 4, The right ventricle. 5, 6, The aorta. 7, The femoral (leg) artery. 8, The branchial (arm) arteries. 9, carotid arteries. 10, The jugular veins. 11, The branchial veins. 12, The femoral veins. 13, 14, The vena cavas. 15, The pulmonary artery. 16, The right and left pulmonary arteries. 17, The pulmonary veins. 18, The lacteals. 19, The thoracic duct. 20, The absorbents of the upper extremities. 22, The small intestine.

The Circulatory Organs

The circulatory organs. Labels: 1, The left auricle. 2, The right auricle. 3, The left ventricle. 4,…

The sympathetic ganglions and their connection with other nerves. Labels: A, The semilunar ganglion and solar plexus. D, The thoracic (chest) ganglions. E, The external and internal branched of the thoracic ganglions. G, H, The right and left coronary (heart) plexus. I, N, Q , The inferior, middle and superior cervical (neck) ganglions. 1, The renal plexus of nerves. 2, The lumbar (loin) ganglions. 3, Their internal branches. 4, Their external branches. 5, The aortic plexus of nerves.

The Sympathetic Ganglions and their Connection to other Nerves

The sympathetic ganglions and their connection with other nerves. Labels: A, The semilunar ganglion…

The human torso. Labels: A, the heart; B, the lungs drawn aside to show the internal organs; C, the diaphragm; D, the liver; E, the gall cyst; F, the stomach; G, the small intestines; H, the transverse colon.

Torso

The human torso. Labels: A, the heart; B, the lungs drawn aside to show the internal organs; C, the…

The heart. Labels: A, the right ventricle; B, the left ventricle; C, the right auricle; D, the left auricle.

Heart

The heart. Labels: A, the right ventricle; B, the left ventricle; C, the right auricle; D, the left…

The chambers of the heart. Labels: A, right ventricle; B, left ventricle; C, right auricle; D, left auricle; E, tricuspid valve; F, bicuspid valve; G, semilunar valves; H, valves of the aorta; I , inferior vena cava: K, superior vena cava; L, pulmonary veins.

Chambers of the Heart

The chambers of the heart. Labels: A, right ventricle; B, left ventricle; C, right auricle; D, left…

A diagram showing the peculiar fibrous structure of the heart and the shape of the valves. A, triscupid valve; B, bicuspid valve; C, semilunar valves of the aorta; D, semilunar valves of the pulmonary artery.

Heart Valves

A diagram showing the peculiar fibrous structure of the heart and the shape of the valves. A, triscupid…

A diagram illustrating the circulation of the blood. Labels: A, vena cava descending (superior); Z, vena cava ascending (inferior); C, right auricle; D, right ventricle; E, pulmonary artery; F, P, lungs and pulmonary veins; G, left auricle; H, left ventricle; I, K, aorta.

Circulation of Blood

A diagram illustrating the circulation of the blood. Labels: A, vena cava descending (superior); Z,…

Muscular fiber cells from the heart. The fibers which lie side by side are united at frequent intervals by short branches.

Muscular Fiber Cells from the Heart

Muscular fiber cells from the heart. The fibers which lie side by side are united at frequent intervals…

View of heart and lungs in situ. The front portion of the chest wall, and the outer or parietal layers of the pleurae and pericardium have been removed. The lungs are partly collapsed.

Heart and Lungs

View of heart and lungs in situ. The front portion of the chest wall, and the outer or parietal layers…

The right auricle and ventricle opened, and a part of their right and anterior walls removed, so as to show their interior. Labels: 1, superior vena cava; 2, inferior vena cava; 2', heptic veins cut short; 3, right auricle; 3', placed in the fossa ovalis, below which is the Eustachian valve; 3", is placed close to the aperture of the coronary adjacent walls of the auricle and ventricle has been preserved; 4, cavity of the right carnea or musculus papillaris; 5, 5', 5", tricuspid valve; 6, placed in the interior of the pulmonary artery, a part of the anterior wall of that vessel having been removed, and a narrow portion of it preserved at its commencement, where the semilunar valves are attached; 7, concavity of the aortic arch close to the cord of the ductus arteriosus; 8, ascending part or sinus of the arch covered at its commencement by the auricular arteries; 10, appendix of the left auricle; 11, the outside of the left ventricle, the lower figure near the apex.

A Diagram of the Heart

The right auricle and ventricle opened, and a part of their right and anterior walls removed, so as…

The left auricle and ventricle opened and a part of their anterior and left walls removed. The pulmonary artery has been divided at its commencement; the opening into the left ventricle is carried a short distance into the aorta between two of the segments of the semilunar valves; and the left part of the auricle with its appendix has been removed. The right auricle is out of view. Labels: 1, the two right pulmonary veins cut short; their opening are seen within the auricle; 1' , placed within the cavity of the auricle on the left side of the septum and on the right side and on the part which forms the remains of the valve of the foramen ovale, of which the crescentic fold is seen towards the left hand of 1'; 2, a narrow portion of the wall of the auricle and ventricle preserved round the auriculo-ventricular orifice; 3, 3', the cut surface of the walls of the ventricle, seen to become very much thinner towards 3", at the apex; 4, a small part of the anterior wall of the left ventricle which has been preserved with the principle anterior columna carnea or musculus papillaris attached to it; 5. ,musculi papillares; 5', the left side of the septum, between the two ventricles, within the cavity of the left ventricle; and above the three segments of its semilunar valve which are hanging loosely together; 7', the exterior of the great aortic sinus; 8, the root of the pulmonary artery and its semilunar valves; 8' the separated portion of the pulmonary artery remaining attached to the aorta by 9, the cord of the ductus arteriosus; 10, the arteries rising from the summit of the aortic arch.

A Diagram of the Heart

The left auricle and ventricle opened and a part of their anterior and left walls removed. The pulmonary…

Transverse section of bullock's heart in a state of cadaveric rigidity.

Ventricles of the Heart

Transverse section of bullock's heart in a state of cadaveric rigidity.

Network of muscular fibers from the heart of a pig. The nuclei of the muscle corpuscles are well shown

Muscular Fiber Showing the Nuclei of the Muscle Corpuscles

Network of muscular fibers from the heart of a pig. The nuclei of the muscle corpuscles are well shown

A diagram of the circulation through the heart.

Circulation Through the Heart

A diagram of the circulation through the heart.

The heart of a frog (Rana esculenta) from the front. Labels: V, ventricle, Ad, right auricle; As, left auricle; B, bulbus arteriosus, dividing into right and left aorta.

Heart of a Frog

The heart of a frog (Rana esculenta) from the front. Labels: V, ventricle, Ad, right auricle; As, left…

The heart of a frog (Rana esculenta) from the back. Labels: s.v., sinus venosus opened; c.s.s., left vena cava superior; c.s.d., right vena cava superior; c.i., vena cava inferior; v.p., vena pulmonales; A.d., right auricle; A.s., left auricle; A.p., opening of communication between the right auricle and the sinus venosus.

Heart of a Frog

The heart of a frog (Rana esculenta) from the back. Labels: s.v., sinus venosus opened; c.s.s., left…

Course of the nerves in the auricular partition wall of the heart of a frog. Labels: d, dorsal branch; v, ventral branch.

Nerves of the Heart of a Frog

Course of the nerves in the auricular partition wall of the heart of a frog. Labels: d, dorsal branch;…

The nerve cells that compose the ganglia are generally unipolar, and seldom bipolar; sometimes two cells are said to exist in the same envelope, constituting the twin cells of Dogiel. The cells are large and have very large nucleoli. Shown are isolated nerve cells from the frog's heart. Labels: I, Usual form. II, Twin cell. C, capsule; N,nucleus; N', nucleolus; P, process.

Nerve Cells

The nerve cells that compose the ganglia are generally unipolar, and seldom bipolar; sometimes two cells…

Transverse section of the chest.

Transverse Section of the Chest

Transverse section of the chest.

Embryo chick (36 hours), viewed from beneath as a transparent object (magnified). Labels:pl, outline of pellucid area; FB, forebrain, or first cerebral vesicle: from its sides project op, the optic vesicles; SO, backward limit of somatopleure fold, "tucked in", under head; A, head-fold of true amnion; a', reflected layer of amnion, sometimes termed "false amnion;" sp, backward limit of splanchnopleure folds, along which run the omphalomesaraic veins uniting to form h, the heart, which is continued forwards into ba, the bulbus arteriosus; d, the foregut, lying behind the heart, and having a wide crescentic opening between the splanchnopleure folds; HB, hindbrain; MB, midbrain; pv, protovertebrae lying behind the foregut; mc, line of junction of medullary folds and of notochord; ch, front end of notochord; vpl, vertebral plated; pr, the primitive groove at its caudal end.

Embryo Chick

Embryo chick (36 hours), viewed from beneath as a transparent object (magnified). Labels:pl, outline…

Diagrammatic section showing the relation in a mammal between the primitive alimentary canal and the membranes of the ovum. The stage represented in this diagram corresponds to that of the fifteenth or seventeenth day in the human embryo, previous to the expansion of the allantois; c, the villous chorion; a, the amnion; a', the place of convergence of the amnion and reflexion of the false amnion a", or outer or corneous layer; e, the head and trunk of the embryo, comprising the primitive vertebrae and cerebrospinal axis; i, the simple alimentary canal in its upper and lower portions. Immediately beneath the right hand i is seen the fetal heart, lying in the anterior part of the pleuroperitoneal cavity; v, the yolk sac or umbilical vesicle; vi, the vitellointestinal opening; u, the allantois connected by a pedicle with the anal portion of the alimentary canal.

Membranes of the Ovum

Diagrammatic section showing the relation in a mammal between the primitive alimentary canal and the…

Very soon after the entrance of the ovum into the uterus, in the human subject, the outer surface of the chorion is found beset with fine processes, the so-called chorion villi, which give it a rough and shaggy appearance. a, chorion with villi. The villi are shown to be best developed in the part of the chorion to which the allantois is extending, this portion ultimately becomes the placenta. ; b, space between the two layers of the amnion; c, amniotic cavity; d, situation of the intestine, showing its connection with the umbilical vesicle; e, umbilical vesicle; f, situation of heart and vessels; g, allantois.

Chorion Villi

Very soon after the entrance of the ovum into the uterus, in the human subject, the outer surface of…

Embryo chick at fourth day, viewed as a transparent object, lying on its left side. CH, cerebral hemispheres; FB, forebrain or vesicle of third ventricle, with Pn, pineal gland projecting from its summit; MB, midbrain; Cb, cerebellum; IV V, fourth ventricle; L, lens; chs, choroidal slit; Cen V, auditory vesicle; s m, superior maxillary process; 1F, 2F, 3F,4F., first, second, third, and fourth visceral folds; V, fifth nerve, sending one branch (ophthalmic) to the eye, and another to the first pharyngeal nerve, passing to the third visceral arch; G.Pg, pneumogastric nerve, passing towards the fourth visceral arch; iv, investing mass; ch, notochord; its front end cannot be seen in the living embryo, and it does not end as shown in the figure, but takes a sudden bend downwards, and then terminated in a point; Ht, heart seen through the walls of the chest; MP, muscle-plates; W, wing, showing commencing differentiation of segments, corresponding to arm, forearm, and hand; H L, hind-limb, as yet a shapeless bud, showing no differentiation. Beneath it is seen the curved tail.

Embryo Chick at Fourth Day

Embryo chick at fourth day, viewed as a transparent object, lying on its left side. CH, cerebral hemispheres;…

A human embryo of the fourth week. I, the chorion; 3, part of the amnion; 4, umbilical vesicle with its long pedicle passing into the abdomen; 7, the heart; 8, the liver; 9, the visceral arch destined to form the lower jaw, beneath which are two other visceral arches separated by the branchial clefts; 10, rudiment of the upper extremity, 11, that of the lower extremity; 12, the umbilical cord; 15, the eye; 16, the ear; 17, cerebral hemispheres; 18, optic lobes, corpora quadrigemina.

Embryo at Fourth Week

A human embryo of the fourth week. I, the chorion; 3, part of the amnion; 4, umbilical vesicle with…

Fetal heart in successive stages of development. 1, venous extremity; 2, arterial extremity; 3, pulmonary branches; 4, ductus arteriosus.

Fetal Heart in Successive Stages of Development

Fetal heart in successive stages of development. 1, venous extremity; 2, arterial extremity; 3, pulmonary…

Heart of a chick at the 45th, 65th, and 85th hours of incubation. I, the venous trunks; 2, the auricle; 3, the ventricle; 4, the bulbus arteriosus.

Development of the Heart of a Chick

Heart of a chick at the 45th, 65th, and 85th hours of incubation. I, the venous trunks; 2, the auricle;…

Diagram of the aortic arches in a mammal, showing transformations which give rise to the permanent arterial vessels. A, primitive arterial stem or aortic bulb, now divided into A, the ascending part of the aortic arch, and p, the pulmonary; a, a', right and left aortic roots; A', descending aorta; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, the five primitive aortic or branchial arches; I, II, III, IV, the four branchial clefts which, for the sake of clearness, have been omitted on the right side. The permanent systemic vessels are deeply, the pulmonary arteries lightly, shaded; the parts of the primitive arches which are transitory are simply outlined; c, placed between the permanent common carotid arteries; c e, external carotid arteries; c i, internal carotid arteries; s, right subclavian, rising from the right aortic root beyond the fifth arch; v, right vertebral from the same, opposite the fourth arch; v' s', left vertebral and subclavian arteries rising together from the left, or permanent aortic root, opposite the forth arch; p, pulmonary arteries rising together from the left fifth arch, forming ductus arteriosus; p n, p n', right and left pneumogastric nerves descending in from of aortic arch, with their recurrent branches represented diagrammatically as passing behind, to illustrate the relations of these nerves respectively to the right subclavian artery (4) and the arch of the aorta and ductus arteriosus (d).

Aortic Arches in a Mammal

Diagram of the aortic arches in a mammal, showing transformations which give rise to the permanent arterial…

Rudiments of the liver on the intestines of a chick at the fifth day of incubation. Labels: 1, heart; 2, intestine; 3, diverticulum of the intestine in which the liver (4) is developed; 5, part of the mucous layer of the germinal membrane.

Intestine of a Chick

Rudiments of the liver on the intestines of a chick at the fifth day of incubation. Labels: 1, heart;…

"The Molluscous Gasteropoda have the organs of respiration formed for aerial respiration or for respiration under water. A magic influence was attributed to them; they were supposed , for instance, to have an influence over the female heart."

Aplysia Depilans (Linn.)

"The Molluscous Gasteropoda have the organs of respiration formed for aerial respiration or for respiration…

br: the branchiae, or gill-openings c: the heart f: the liver vn: swimming bladders ci: intestinal canal o: the ovaries u: urethra a: anus o': oviduct

Anatomy of the Carp

br: the branchiae, or gill-openings c: the heart f: the liver vn: swimming bladders ci: intestinal canal…

Front view of the heart.

Front View of the Heart

Front view of the heart.

Topography of the retrocardiac structures of the mediastinum, after the removal of the heart and pericardium.

Dissection of the Thorax

Topography of the retrocardiac structures of the mediastinum, after the removal of the heart and pericardium.

Section at the level of the junction of the manubrium and corpus sterni, exposing the great vessels at the base of the heart.

Cross Section of the Trunk at the Level of Junction of the Manubrium

Section at the level of the junction of the manubrium and corpus sterni, exposing the great vessels…

Section exposing the ventricles of the heart.

Cross Section of the Trunk Exposing the Ventricles of the Heart

Section exposing the ventricles of the heart.

Section through the inferior portion of the heart, exposing the dome of the diaphragm on the right side.

Cross Section of the Trunk Through the Inferior Portion of the Heart

Section through the inferior portion of the heart, exposing the dome of the diaphragm on the right side.

A symbol of a heart used to represent love.

Heart

A symbol of a heart used to represent love.

Hornets "make their nests in trunks of old trees, perforating the sound wood to arrive at the heart, which is rotten, or hollowing for themselves a hole, which they clear out by the gallery which leads to it."

Hanging Hornet's Nest

Hornets "make their nests in trunks of old trees, perforating the sound wood to arrive at the heart,…

Anastomosing muscle fibers of the heart, seen in longitudinal section. On the right the limits of the separate cells with their nuclei are exhibited somewhat diagrammatically.

Muscle Fibers of the Heart

Anastomosing muscle fibers of the heart, seen in longitudinal section. On the right the limits of the…

The pericardium is a conical serofibrous sac in which the hear and the commencement of the great vessels are contained. Show are the ligaments of the pericardium. Right lateral view, showing the right vertebropericardial ligaments, the right phrenopericardial, and the superior and inferior sternopericardial ligaments.

Pericardium Ligaments

The pericardium is a conical serofibrous sac in which the hear and the commencement of the great vessels…

Position of the heart. The pericardium laid open.

Position of the Heart

Position of the heart. The pericardium laid open.

The right auricle and ventricle laid open, the anterior walls of both being removed.

Heart with Right Auricle and Ventricle Laid Open

The right auricle and ventricle laid open, the anterior walls of both being removed.

The left auricle and ventricle laid open, the posterior walls of both being removed.

Heart with Left Auricle and Ventricle Laid Open

The left auricle and ventricle laid open, the posterior walls of both being removed.

Base of ventricles exposed by removal of the auricles.

Heart with Ventricles Exposed

Base of ventricles exposed by removal of the auricles.

The arrangement of the muscles of the auricles.

Auricles Muscles

The arrangement of the muscles of the auricles.